Hostname: page-component-76fb5796d-25wd4 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-25T12:46:06.767Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Politiques du marché du travail et négociations par branches d’activité dans un modéle d’appariement

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 August 2016

Olivier L'Haridon  and
Franck Malherbet
Olivier L'Haridon
Affiliation:
GREG - HEC et Université Paris IV.
Franck Malherbet*
Affiliation:
THEMA - CNRS - Université de Cergy-Pontoise, IZA et fRDB.
*
Université de Cergy-Pontoise, UFR économie et gestion/THEMA, 33, boulevard du port, 95011 Cergy-Pontoise cedex, France ; email: franck.malherbet@u-cergy.fr.
Get access

Résumé

Dans la plupart des pays européens, la redéfinition du contrat de travail et de ses modalités de rupture est au cœur des débats contemporains de politique économique du marché du travail. Ces débats s'appuient sur l'impo-sante littérature consacrée aux liens entre protection de l'emploi et performance du marché du travail développée au cours des dix dernières années. Toutefois, une source de divergence importante entre les marchés du travail européens, le degré de centralisation des négociations salariales, a été curieusement éludée dans la plupart de ces études. L'objet de cet article est précisément d'envisager d'un point de vue théorique la nature des interactions entre politiques du marché du travail et niveaux de négociation. Dans cette perspective, nous développons un modèle dynamique du marché du travail dans la lignée des travaux de Pissarides (2000) intégrant différentes branches d'activité. Notre analyse montre que dans ce cadre de référence, les négociations de branche conduisent systématiquement à une allocation inefficace des ressources. Il existe alors une justification explicite à l'introduction des politiques de l'emploi. Nous montrons alors qu'un ensemble de politiques, notamment fiscales et de protection de l'emploi, est susceptible d'assurer l'équivalence entre équilibre de branches et optimum.

Summary

Summary

Labor contracts' redefinition and severance's modalities are of particular importance in the European debate on the contours of labor market reform. This debate relies on the impressive literature devoted to the link between labor market institutions and economic performance. It's however striking that most of the contributions in this field has eluded one important source of divergence across European countries namely the level at which wage bargaining takes place. The motivation of this article is to consider, from a theoretical viewpoint, the very nature of the interactions between the wage bargaining's level and the labor market policies. In this perspective, we appeal to a search and matching model in the style of Pissarides (2000) in an economy made up of a number of industries. In such a framework we demonstrate that wage bargaining at the industry level leads to an inefficient resource allocation. We next show that well designed labor market policies permit to reach a first best allocation.

Keywords

modèle d'appariementniveau des négociations salarialespolitiques de l'emploiLabor Market PoliciesWage NegotiationsUnemployment

JEL classification

J60: General J41: Labor Contracts J48: Public Policy
Type
Research Article
Information
Recherches Économiques de Louvain/ Louvain Economic Review , Volume 75 , Issue 2 , June 2009 , pp. 183 - 228
Copyright
Copyright © Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de recherches économiques et sociales 2009 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

*

Nous tenons à remercier sans engager leur responsabilité, Pierre Cahuc, Olivier Chariot, Rodolphe Dos Santos Ferreira, Grégory Jolivet, Mustafa Ulus, André Zylberberg ainsi que deux rapporteurs anonymes pour leurs remarques et leurs suggestions sur une vision antérieure de ce papier.

References

Reférénces

[1] Addison, J. et Teixeira, P. (2003). “The Economics of Employment Protection”, Journal of Labor Research, vol. 24, pp.85–129.Google Scholar
[2] Belot, M. et Van Ours, J. (2004). “Does the Recent Success of some OECD Countries in Lowering their Unemployment Rates Lie in the Clever Design of their Labour Market?” Oxford Economic Papers, vol. 56, pp.621–642.Google Scholar
[3] Blau, F. et Kahn, L. (1999). “Institutions and Laws in the Labor Market”, in Ashenfelter, O. et Card, D. (eds), Handbook of Labor Economics, Amsterdam: North Holland, vol. 3B, chapitre 25.Google Scholar
[4] Boeri, T., Brugiavini, A. et Calmfors, L. (2001). The Role of Unions in the Twenty-First Century, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
[5] Bruno, M. et Sachs, J. (1985). Economics of Worldwide Stagflation, Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
[6] Blanchard, O. et Diamond, P. (1989). “The Beveridge Curve”, Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, vol. 0, pp. 1–60.Google Scholar
[7] Blanchard, O. et Giavazzi, F. (2003). “Macroeconomic Effects of Regulation and Deregulation in Goods and Labor Markets”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 118, pp.879–907.Google Scholar
[8] Cahuc, P. et Jolivet, G. (2003). “Do we need more stringent employment protection legislations?”, mimeo CREST.Google Scholar
[9] Cahuc, P. et Zylberberg, A. (1997). “A quel niveau faut-il négocier les salaires pour favoriser l’emploi?”, Revue d’Economie Politique, vol. 107, pp.342–364.Google Scholar
[10] Cahuc, P. et Zylberberg, A. (2004). Labor Economies, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.Google Scholar
[11] Calmfors, L. (2001). “Wages and Wage-Bargaining Institutions in the EMU - A Survey of the Issues”, Empirica, vol. 28, pp.325–351.Google Scholar
[12] Calmfors, L. et Driffil, J. (1988). “Bargaining structure, corporatism and macroeconomic performance”, Economic Policy, vol. 6, pp. 16–61.Google Scholar
[13] Danthine, J.P. et Hunt, J. (1994). “Wage bargainning structures, employment and economic integration”, The Economic Journal, vol. 104, pp. 528–541.Google Scholar
[14] Davis, S. et Haltiwanger, J. (1999). “Gross job flows”in Ashenfelter, O. et Card, D. (eds), Handbook of Labor Economics, Amsterdam: North Holland, vol. 3B, chapitre 41.Google Scholar
[15] Davis, S., Haltiwanger, J. et Schuh, S. (1996). “Small Business and Job Creation: Dissecting the Myth and Reassessing the Facts”, Small Business Economics, vol. 8, pp.297–315.Google Scholar
[16] Delacroix, A. (2006). “\A Multisectorial Matching Model of Unions”, Journal of Monetary Economics, vol. 53, pp.573–596.Google Scholar
[17] Dixit, A. et Stiglitz, J. (1977). “Monopolistic Competition and Optimal. Product Diversity”, American Economic Review, vol. 67, pp.297–308.Google Scholar
[18] Driffill, J. (2006). “The Centralization of Wage Bargaining Revisited: What Have We Learned?”, Journal of Common Market Studies, vol. 44, pp.731–756.Google Scholar
[19] Elmeskov, J., Martin, J.P. et Scarpetta, S. (1998). “Key Lessons for Labour Market Reforms: Evidence from OECD Countries’ Experience“, Swedish Economic Review, vol. 5, pp.205–252.Google Scholar
[20] Flanagan, R. (1999). “Macroeconomic Performance and Collective Bargaining: An International Perspective”, Journal of Economic Literature, vol. 37, pp.1150–1175.Google Scholar
[21] Hosios, A. (1990). “On the Efficiency of Matching and Related Models of Search and Unemployment”, Review of Economic Studies, vol. 57, pp.279–298.Google Scholar
[22] iversen, T. (1999). Contested Economics Institution: The Politics of Macroeconomics and Wage Bargaining in Advanced Démocraties, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
[23] L’Haridon, O. et Malherbet, F. (2003). “Protection de l’emploi et performance du marché du travail”, Revue Française d’Economie, vol. 17, pp.21–69.Google Scholar
[24] Millard, S. et Mortensen, D. (1997). “The Unemployment and Welfare Effects of Labour Market Policy : A Comparison of the U.S. and U.K.”, in Snower, D., et De La Dehesa, G.(eds), Unemployment Policy : Government Options for the Labour Market, New York: Cambrige University Press.Google Scholar
[25] Mortensen, D. et Pissarides, C. (1994). “Job Creation and Job Destruction in the Theory of Unemployment”, Review of Economic Studies, vol. 61, pp.397–415.Google Scholar
[26] Mortensen, D. et Pissarides, C. (1999a). “New Developments in Models of Search in the Labor Market”, in Ashenfelter, O. et Card, D. (eds), Handbook of Labor Economics, Amsterdam: North Holland, vol. 3B, chapitre 39.Google Scholar
[27] Mortensen, D. et Pissarides, C. (1999b). “Job Reallocation, Employment Fluctuations and Unemployment”, in Taylor, J. et Woodford, M. (eds), Handbook of Macroeconomics, Amsterdam: North Holland, vol. 1, pp.142 187.Google Scholar
[28] Nicoletti, G., Scarpetta, S. et Boylaud, O. (2000). “Summary Indicators of Product Market Regulation with an Extension to Employment Protection Legislation”, OECD Economic Department Working Paper.Google Scholar
[29] OCDE (1997). Perspectives de l’emploi, Paris: OCDE.Google Scholar
[30] OCDE (1999). Perspectives de lșemploi, Paris: OCDE.Google Scholar
[31] Picard, P. (1993). Wage and unemployment : a study in non-walrasian macroeconomics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
[32] Pissarides, C. (2000). Equilibrium Unemployment Theory, Cambridge MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
[33] Rama, M. (1994). “Bargaining Structure and Economie Performance in the Open Economy”, European Economic Review, vol. 38, pp.403–415.Google Scholar
[34] Rogerson, R., Shimer, R. et Wright, R. (2005). “Search Theoretic Models of the Labor Market”, Journal of Economic Literature, vol. 43, pp.959–988.Google Scholar
[35] Soskice, D. (1990). “Wage determination: the changing role of institutions in advanced industrialized countries”, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, vol. 6, pp.36–61.Google Scholar
[36] Tarantelli, E. (1986). “The Regulation of Inflation and Unemployment”, Industrial Relations, vol. 25, pp.1–15.Google Scholar