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An analysis of morphological development stages in avalon winter wheat crops with different sowing dates and at ten sites in England and Scotland

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 March 2009

J. R. Porter ,
E. J. M. Kirby ,
W. Day ,
Jill S Adam ,
Margaret Appleyard ,
Sarah Ayling ,
C. K. Baker ,
P. Beale ,
R. K. Belford  and
P. V. Biscoe
...Show all authors
J. R. Porter
Affiliation:
Long Ashton Research Station, Long Ashton, Bristol, BS18 9AF
E. J. M. Kirby
Affiliation:
Plant Breeding Institute, Cambridge, CB2 2LQ
W. Day
Affiliation:
Rolhamsled Experimental Station, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ
Jill S Adam
Affiliation:
Long Ashton Research Station, Long Ashton, Bristol, BS18 9AF
Margaret Appleyard
Affiliation:
Plant Breeding Institute, Cambridge, CB2 2LQ
Sarah Ayling
Affiliation:
Agricultural and Food Research Council, Letcombe Laboratory, Wantage, Oxfordshire, 0X12 QJT
C. K. Baker
Affiliation:
Department of Agriculture-and Horticulture, School of Agriculture, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough Leicestershire, LE12 5RD
P. Beale
Affiliation:
Great Kendale Farm, Driffield, North Humberside
R. K. Belford
Affiliation:
Agricultural and Food Research Council, Letcombe Laboratory, Wantage, Oxfordshire, 0X12 QJT
P. V. Biscoe
Affiliation:
Broom's Barn Experimental Station, Higham, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, IP28 6NP
Anne Chapman
Affiliation:
Seale Hayne College of Agriculture, Newton Abbot, Devon
M. P. Fuller
Affiliation:
Seale Hayne College of Agriculture, Newton Abbot, Devon
Janice Hampson
Affiliation:
West of Scotland Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr, KA6 5HW
R. K. M. Hay
Affiliation:
West of Scotland Agricultural College, Auchincruive, Ayr, KA6 5HW
M. N. Hough
Affiliation:
Great Kendale Farm, Driffield, North Humberside
S. Matthews
Affiliation:
North of Scotland College of Agriculture, Aberdeen, AB9 IUD
W. J. Thompson
Affiliation:
North of Scotland College of Agriculture, Aberdeen, AB9 IUD
A. H. Weir
Affiliation:
Rolhamsled Experimental Station, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ
V. B. Anne Willington
Affiliation:
Broom's Barn Experimental Station, Higham, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, IP28 6NP
D. W. Wood
Affiliation:
Rolhamsled Experimental Station, Harpenden, Hertfordshire, AL5 2JQ
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Summary

An experiment to measure the variation in the phenological and apical development ofwinter wheat (cv. Avalon) in England and Scotland is described. Ten sites which ranged from Aberdeen (57·2° N), the most northerly, to Newton Abbot (50·6° N), the most southerly, were included in the survey, and at each site seed was hand-sown in mid-September, October and November 1983. Developmental stages and sampling procedures were precisely defined to ensure uniformity in scoring by the observers at each site. Temperatures during the growing season were in line with the long-term means, though spring was cooler at all sites and summer warmer at most. The range of monthly-mean temperatures between sites was about the same as the difference between consecutive months. The method of analysis of development rates and durations was in terms of thermal time, modified by sensitivity to photoperiod and a vernalization requirement that slowed early development until a number of days of low temperatures had been experienced. In general, crops at northern sites developed more slowly than those in the south and particularly the south-west of England. There was less variation in the timing of apical stages for later sowings. Developmental rates responded linearly to temperature and photoperiod, with the base temperature increasing for later phases of development. The effect of photoperiod in modifying the rate of development was apparent for all developmental phases from emergence to anthesis, longer days accelerating development, but there was no effect on the duration of the grain-filling period. Vernalization exerted its effect solely within the phase from emergence to double ridge, and had a major influence on the variation between sites only for the first sowing.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Agricultural Science , Volume 109 , Issue 1 , August 1987 , pp. 107 - 121
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1987

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