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Externalizing and internalizing pathways to Mexican American adolescents’ risk taking

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 April 2017

Nancy A. Gonzales ,
Yu Liu ,
Michaeline Jensen ,
Jenn Yun Tein ,
Rebecca M. B. White  and
Julianna Deardorff
Nancy A. Gonzales*
Affiliation:
Arizona State University, Tempe
Yu Liu
Affiliation:
University of Houston
Michaeline Jensen
Affiliation:
Arizona State University, Tempe
Jenn Yun Tein
Affiliation:
Arizona State University, Tempe
Rebecca M. B. White
Affiliation:
Arizona State University, Tempe
Julianna Deardorff
Affiliation:
School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley
*
Address correspondence and reprint requests to: Nancy A. Gonzales, Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 950 South McAllister Avenue, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104; E-mail: nancy.gonzales@asu.edu.
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Abstract

This study used four waves of data from a longitudinal study of 749 Mexican origin youths to test a developmental cascades model linking contextual adversity in the family and peer domains in late childhood to a sequence of unfolding processes hypothesized to predict problem substance use and risky sexual activity (greater number of sex partners) in late adolescence. Externalizing and internalizing problems were tested as divergent pathways, with youth-reported and mother-reported symptoms examined in separate models. Youth gender, nativity, and cultural orientation were tested as moderators. Family risk, peer social rejection, and their interaction were prospectively related to externalizing symptoms and deviant peer involvement, although family risk showed stronger effects on parent-reported externalizing and peer social rejection showed stronger effects on youth-reported externalizing. Externalizing symptoms and deviant peers were related, in turn, to risk taking in late adolescence, including problem alcohol–substance use and number of sexual partners. Peer social rejection predicted youth-reported internalizing symptoms, and internalizing was related, in turn, to problem alcohol and substance use in late adolescence. Tests of moderation showed some of these developmental cascades were stronger for adolescents who were female, less oriented to mainstream cultural values, and more oriented to Mexican American cultural values.

Type
Regular Articles
Information
Development and Psychopathology , Volume 29 , Issue 4 , October 2017 , pp. 1371 - 1390
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2017 

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Footnotes

This research was supported by NIMH Grant MH68920 (Culture, Context, and Mexican American Mental Health). The authors are thankful for the support of Mark W. Roosa, Marisela Torres, Leticia Gelhard, Jaimee Virgo, our Community Advisory Board and interviewers, and the families who participated in the study.

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