Hostname: page-component-7c8c6479df-ph5wq Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-03-27T10:10:10.227Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

In vitro Study of the Rheological Effect of Mixtures of Perfluorotributylamine (FC-43) and Stroma Free Hemoglobin (SFH) On Sickled Erythrocytes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 February 2011

Carl A. Reindorf
Affiliation:
Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, D.C.
Novelette E. Thompson
Affiliation:
Center for Sickle Cell Disease, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, D.C.
Get access

Abstract

Stroma Free Hemoglobin (SFH) and Perfluorotributylamine (FC-43) have been extensively studied as oxygen carriers. Therefore, capitalizing on the role of oxygen reversing sickling, and thus decreasing resistance, this study was undertaken to investigate possible differences in the rheological effects of mixtures of FC-43 and SFH at different ratios. We used the positive pressure cell filtration system (PPCFS) of Lessin and Kurantsin- Mills. FC-43 was purchased from Alpha Therapeutics Corporation, and SFH was prepared by the method of Rabiner et al. The FC-43/SFH mixtures were made on a volume basis in ratios of 1:1 and 1:2. Fresh sickle cell anemia (HbSS) blood was used to prepare 0.2% cell suspensions which were deoxygenated, by bubbling with moist N2 for one hour. Studies of the rheological effects of FC-43/SFH mixtures on sickled erythrocytes were determined by obtaining filtration measurements on the following:- 1. sickle cells in ambient air; 2. deoxygenated sickle cells; 3. deoxygenated sickle cells + oxygenated FC-43/SFH (1:1 v/v); 4. deoxygenated sickle cells + oxygenated FC - 43/SFH (1:2 v/v). The results showed that treatment of deoxygenated sickle erythrocytes with oxygenated SFH/FC-43 mixtures decreased the flow resistance of the deoxygenated cells. Secondly, the SFH/FC-43 (1:2 v/v) mixture caused greater decrease in flow resistance than the 1:1 mixture.

Therefore it is reasonable to conclude that the mixtures of SFH/FC-43 (1:2 v/v) ratio appear to have a additive effect in reducing the flow resistance i.e. increasing the filterability of sickled erythrocytes.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Materials Research Society 1988

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1. Klug, P, Lessin, L S, Radice, P: Rheological Aspects of Sickle Cell Anemia. Arch Int Med., 133:577, 1974 Google Scholar
2. Lessin, L S, Kurantsin-Mills, J, Weems, H: Deformability of normal and sickle erythrocytes in a pressure-flow system. Blood Cells, 3: 241–62, 1977 Google Scholar
3. Horne, M K: Sickle Cell Anemia as a rheological disease. American Journal of Medicine, 70: 288298, 1981 Google Scholar
4. Reindorf, C A: “Blood Substitutes”, Advances in the Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Sickle Cell Disease, 129–142, 1982 Google Scholar
5. De, Venuto F et. al.: Appraisal of Hemoglobin Solution as a Blood Substitute. Surgery, Gynecology and Obstetrics, 149: 417436, 1979 Google Scholar
6. Sloviter, H A. Perfluorocompounds as Artificial Erythrocytes.Fed. Proc., 34: 1484–7, 1975 Google Scholar
7. Clark, L C. Symposium on inert organic liquids for biological oxygen transport, Fed. Proc., 29: 16951820, 1970 Google Scholar
8. Thropolis, Gilliam. “The use of the Positive Pressure Cell Filtration System (PPCFS) in a study of the Effect of Perfluorocompound (FC-43) on the Rheology of Sickle Erythrocytes.” In Press.Google Scholar
9. Reindorf, C A, Anderson, W A, et al.: “Additive Effects of Stroma-free hemoglobin and the Perfluorochemical compound (Fluosol DA -20%).” In Press.Google Scholar
10. Castro, O, Reindorf, C A, Socha, W W, Rowe, A W. “Perfluorocarbon Enhancement of Heterologous Red Cell Survival: A Reticuloendothelial Block Effect?” Int. Arch Allergy appl. Immun. 70: 8891, 1983 Google Scholar
11. Rabiner, F, Helbert, J R, Lopes, H et al. Evaluation of Stroma-free hemoglobin solution for use as a plasma expander. J. Exp. Med., 126:1127, 1967 Google Scholar
12. De Venuto, F, Zuck, T F, Zegna, A I, and Moores, W Y. Characteristics of Stroma-free Hemoglobin Prepared by Crystallization. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 89:509, 1977 Google Scholar
13. Browdie, D and Smith, H. Stroma-free Hemoglobin. Simplified preparation and in vivo and in vitro effects on coagulation in rabbits. Am. J. Surg., 129: 365–8, 1975 Google Scholar
14. Greenburg, A G, Schooley, M, Peskin GW. Improved retention of SFH solution by chemical modification. J. Trauma, 17:501–4, 1977 Google Scholar
15. Peskin, G W, O'Brien, K, Rabiner, S F. Stroma-free Hemoglobin solution: The “Ideal” Blood Substitute? Surgery, 66: 185–93. 1969 Google Scholar
16. Rabiner, S F, O'Brien, K, Peskin, G W et al. Further studies with Stromafree Hemoglobin Solution. Ann. Surg., 1970 Google Scholar
17. Dintenfass, L: “Concepts in experimental and molecular rheology of blood flow in capillaries” in Blood Micro Rheology-Viscosity Factors in Blood Flow, Ischemia and Thrombosis. New York, Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1971 Google Scholar
18. Ham, T H, Castle, W E: Relation of increases hypotonic fragility and of erythrostasis to mechanism of hemolysis in certain anemias. Trans A Am Physicians 55:127, 1940 Google Scholar
19. Hoffrichter, J, Ross, P D, Eaton, W A: Supersaturation in Sickle Cell Hemoglobin Solutions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 73:3035, 1976 Google Scholar
20. Noguchi, CT and Schechter, A N: The Intracellular Polymerization of Sickle Hemoglobin and Its Relevance to Sickle Cell Disease. Blood, 58:10571068, 1981 Google Scholar
21. Usami, S, Chien, S, Gregersen, M I: Hemoglobin solution as a plasma expander: Effects on blood viscosity. Proc Soc Exptl Biol Med 136:1232, 1971 Google Scholar
22. De Venuto, F, Busse, K R, Zena, A I: Viscosity of human blood hemodiluted with crystalline hemoglobin solution. Transfusion 21:752, 1981 Google Scholar
23. Padilla, F, Wear, J O, van, Wagner M I: Effect of normal fluorocarbon emulsions on the viscosity of normal and sickle cells. Reog Clin Biol Res 19:61, 1978 Google Scholar
24. Tremper, K K, Friedman, A E, Levine, E M, Lapin, R, and Camarillo, D: The preoperative treatment of severely anemic patients with a perfluorochemicaloxygen transport fluid, Fluosol-DA. New England J Med 307:277, 1982Google Scholar
25. Reindorf, C A, Kurantsin-Mills, J, Allotey, J B and Castro, O: Perfluorocarbon Compounds-Effects on the Rheological Properties of Sickle Erythrocytes in Vitro. American Journal of Hematology 19:229236 (1985)Google Scholar