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A new species of Thorecta (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the western Atlantic, with remarks on the taxonomy of the genus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 June 2010

Josivete P. Santos ,
Suzane M. da Silva ,
Paulo H.O. Bonifácio ,
Eduardo L. Esteves ,
Ulisses S. Pinheiro  and
Guilherme Muricy
Josivete P. Santos
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
Suzane M. da Silva
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
Paulo H.O. Bonifácio
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
Eduardo L. Esteves
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
Ulisses S. Pinheiro*
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235, Cidade Universitária, CEP 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil
Guilherme Muricy
Affiliation:
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, 20940-040, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: U.S. Pinheiro, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Zoologia. Avenida Prof. Moraes Rêgo, 1235 Cidade Universitária. CEP 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil email: uspinheiro@hotmail.com
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Abstract

The family Thorectidae includes 23 valid genera and 130 species, characterized by the presence of laminated fibres and diplodal choanocytye chambers. Currently the genus Thorecta comprises approximately 20 valid species, distributed mainly in the Indo-Pacific. We describe here a new species of Thorecta that is the only valid species of the genus described in the Atlantic Ocean so far. Samples were collected by trawling on board of the RV ‘Astro Garoupa’ in Potiguar Basin, on the northern coast of Rio Grande do Norte State, north-eastern Brazil. Thorecta atlantica sp. nov. is greyish-brown to dark brownish-grey and presents a distinctive globular or clavulate shape, with 1–2 large apical oscules that open to deep atria. It was found between 61 and 160 m depth. A literature survey suggests that many species referred to Thorecta should be relocated to different genera due to absence of diagnostic characters, and that the genus Thorecta should group only 11 species: T. carteri, T. marginalis, T. prima, T. lata, T. farlovi, T. meandrina, T. polygona, T. reticulata, T. tuberculata, T. vasiformis and T. atlantica sp. nov. The tortuous history of the genus is an example of the damage that poorly-described species can cause to classification. Detailed descriptions of fresh material, well illustrated by photographs and including as many characters as possible, are essential tools for the clarification of the systematics of Thorecta in the future.

Keywords

Thorecta atlantica sp. nov.ThorectidaeDictyoceratidaPoriferawestern AtlanticBraziltaxonomy
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 90 , Issue 4 , June 2010 , pp. 775 - 782
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2010

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