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The effect of acute carbohydrate load on the monophasic or biphasic nature of the postprandial lipaemic response to acute fat ingestion in human subjects

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 March 2007

Farideh Shishehbor ,
Helen M. Roche  and
Michael J. Gibney
Farideh Shishehbor
Affiliation:
Unit of Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Republic of Ireland
Helen M. Roche
Affiliation:
Unit of Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Republic of Ireland
Michael J. Gibney*
Affiliation:
Unit of Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin 8, Republic of Ireland
*
*Corresponding author:Professor Michael Gibney, fax +353 1 454 2043, email mgibney@tcd.ie
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Abstract

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Previous studies in this laboratory have elicited a monophasic response in postprandial plasma triacylglycerol (TAG) level with fat intakes of 0.5 g fat/kg body weight accompanied by about 17 g carbohydrate as lactose. Recent studies involving the same level of fat with a higher level of carbohydrate, 136 g of which 60 g was sucrose, appeared to elicit a biphasic response. The present study compared these two test meals and showed a significant meal × time interaction for plasma total TAG (P = 0.0228) reflecting a monophasic response with the lower-carbohydrate test meal. The higher-carbohydrate meal induced significantly higher insulin and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide responses (P = 0.0009 and P = 0.0041 respectively). A significant meal × time interaction was seen for plasma non-esterified fatty acids (P = 0.0437). The biphasic plasma TAG response seen with the high-carbohydrate meal largely reflected the TAG-rich lipoprotein (TRL) or chylomicron fraction, which would tend to suggest a biphasic pattern of absorption. This was borne out by TRL-TAG fatty acid compositions. Both peaks in the biphasic response showed active incorporation of the main dietary fatty acids, 18:1n−9, 18:2n−6 and 18:3n−3 into TRL-TAG. These results indicate that under the specific test-meal conditions used in the present study, a biphasic pattern of fat absorption was seen.

Keywords

Postprandial metabolismCarbohydrateFat
Type
Research Article
Information
British Journal of Nutrition , Volume 80 , Issue 5 , November 1998 , pp. 411 - 418
Copyright
Copyright © The Nutrition Society 1998

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