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Phenology of the sugar beet weevil, Bothynoderes punctiventris Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Croatia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 November 2018

Z. Drmić Open the ORCID record for Z. Drmić [Opens in a new window] ,
M. Čačija Open the ORCID record for M. Čačija [Opens in a new window] ,
H. Virić Gašparić ,
D. Lemić Open the ORCID record for D. Lemić [Opens in a new window]  and
R. Bažok Open the ORCID record for R. Bažok [Opens in a new window]
Z. Drmić*
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Zoology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska 25, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
M. Čačija
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Zoology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska 25, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
H. Virić Gašparić
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Zoology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska 25, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
D. Lemić
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Zoology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska 25, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
R. Bažok
Affiliation:
Department of Agricultural Zoology, University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Svetošimunska 25, Zagreb 10000, Croatia
*
*Author for correspondence Phone: 0038512393654 Fax: 0038512393777 E-mail: zdrmic@agr.hr
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Abstract

The sugar beet weevil (SBW), Bothynoderes punctiventris Germar, 1824, is a significant pest in most of Eastern Europe. Here, the SBW is described and its seasonal activity characterized, in terms of its different developmental stages in relation to Julian days (JDs), degree-day accumulations (DDAs), and precipitation, as a key to improving monitoring and forecasting of the pest. The phenology and population characteristics of SBW were investigated in sugar beet fields in eastern Croatia over a 4-year period (2012–2015). By using the degree-day model (lower development threshold of 5°C, no upper development threshold, biofix 1 January), the first emergence of overwintering adults was determined as becoming established when the DDA reached 20. The adult emergence was completed when the DDA reached 428. SBW males emerged first, following which the females dominated the adult population. Overwintering adults were present in the field until early July. In August, adults of the offspring generation began to appear. The eggs laid by the overwintering generation required, on average, 10–15 days to develop into larvae; however, eggs were found in soil samples over a period of 102 days (between JDs 112 and 214). Larvae were present in the soil samples over a period of a maximum of 143 days (the first larvae were established on JD 122 and the last one on JD 265), and pupae were established in the soil over a period of 102 days (between JDs 143 and 245). This study provides important data for understanding SBW population dynamics and developing potential population dynamic models for pest forecasting on a regional scale.

Keywords

sugar beet weevilCroatiaecologyphenologyadult emergencedegree day accumulation
Type
Research Papers
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 109 , Issue 4 , August 2019 , pp. 518 - 527
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018 

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