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Weak Alfvénic turbulence in relativistic plasmas.Part 2. current sheets and dissipation

Part of: Focus on Plasma Astrophysics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  03 November 2021

B. Ripperda Open the ORCID record for B. Ripperda [Opens in a new window] ,
J.F. Mahlmann Open the ORCID record for J.F. Mahlmann [Opens in a new window] ,
A. Chernoglazov ,
J.M. TenBarge Open the ORCID record for J.M. TenBarge [Opens in a new window] ,
E.R. Most ,
J. Juno Open the ORCID record for J. Juno [Opens in a new window] ,
Y. Yuan Open the ORCID record for Y. Yuan [Opens in a new window] ,
A.A. Philippov  and
A. Bhattacharjee
B. Ripperda*
Affiliation:
Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY10010, USA Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544, USA
J.F. Mahlmann*
Affiliation:
Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544, USA
A. Chernoglazov
Affiliation:
Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY10010, USA Department of Physics, University of New Hampshire, 9 Library Way, Durham, NH03824, USA
J.M. TenBarge
Affiliation:
Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544, USA Princeton Center for Heliophysics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08540, USA
E.R. Most
Affiliation:
Princeton Center for Theoretical Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544, USA Princeton Gravity Initiative, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544, USA School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, NJ08540, USA
J. Juno
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA52242, USA
Y. Yuan
Affiliation:
Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY10010, USA
A.A. Philippov
Affiliation:
Center for Computational Astrophysics, Flatiron Institute, 162 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY10010, USA
A. Bhattacharjee
Affiliation:
Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08544, USA Princeton Center for Heliophysics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ08540, USA
*
†Email addresses for correspondence: bripperda@flatironinstitute.org, mahlmann@princeton.edu
†Email addresses for correspondence: bripperda@flatironinstitute.org, mahlmann@princeton.edu
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Abstract

Alfvén waves as excited in black hole accretion disks and neutron star magnetospheres are the building blocks of turbulence in relativistic, magnetized plasmas. A large reservoir of magnetic energy is available in these systems, such that the plasma can be heated significantly even in the weak turbulence regime. We perform high-resolution three-dimensional simulations of counter-propagating Alfvén waves, showing that an $E_{B_{\perp }}(k_{\perp }) \propto k_{\perp }^{-2}$ energy spectrum develops as a result of the weak turbulence cascade in relativistic magnetohydrodynamics and its infinitely magnetized (force-free) limit. The plasma turbulence ubiquitously generates current sheets, which act as locations where magnetic energy dissipates. We show that current sheets form as a natural result of nonlinear interactions between counter-propagating Alfvén waves. These current sheets form owing to the compression of elongated eddies, driven by the shear induced by growing higher-order modes, and undergo a thinning process until they break-up into small-scale turbulent structures. We explore the formation of current sheets both in overlapping waves and in localized wave packet collisions. The relativistic interaction of localized Alfvén waves induces both Alfvén waves and fast waves, and efficiently mediates the conversion and dissipation of electromagnetic energy in astrophysical systems. Plasma energization through reconnection in current sheets emerging during the interaction of Alfvén waves can potentially explain X-ray emission in black hole accretion coronae and neutron star magnetospheres.

Keywords

MHD turbulenceturbulence simulationcomputational methodstransition to turbulence
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Plasma Physics , Volume 87 , Issue 5 , October 2021 , 905870512
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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