Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-dnltx Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-18T20:11:05.027Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Varying Radiocarbon Activity of Some Recent Submerged Estonian Plants Grown in the Early 1990s

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Ingrid U Olsson  and
Enn Kaup
Ingrid U Olsson
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Uppsala University, Box 530, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden. Email: Ingrid_U.Olsson@Fysik.UU.SE
Enn Kaup
Affiliation:
Institute of Geology, Estonia Ave 7, 10143 Tallinn, Estonia
Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Core share and HTML view are not available for this content. However, as you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Eleven samples of aquatic plants from three Estonian lakes were analyzed for their radiocarbon content in a collaboration between the laboratories in Tallinn and Uppsala. δ13C values for the actual species were compiled to allow normalization of activities measured in Tallinn without δ13C values. The range for well determined species is usually a few per mil and the statistical uncertainty ≥1‰. δ13C values vary considerably for different Potamogéton species and Myriophýllum spp. Lake Äntu Sinijärv and Lake Päidre are hard-water lakes containing 300 and 200 mg HCO3–/L, respectively. One sample consisted of a carbonate crust deposited on a Ceratophýllum demersum plant in L. Äntu Sinijärv. Its Δ14C value was −147.3 ± 6.7‰ in 1990, whereas the plant had a value of −74.1 ± 8.0‰ (δ13C = −35.0‰). The same species in L. Päidre had a Δ14C value of +8.0 ± 8.8‰ (δ13C = −25.2‰) in 1992. Other species in L. Päidre contained more 14C, from a Δ14C value of about +30‰ to about +155‰, the latter value measured in Tallinn on floating leaves of Nuphar lútea, close to that of the contemporaneous atmospheric CO2. In the third lake, Lake Punso, containing ≤30 mg HCO3–/L, the stems of Nuphar lútea exhibited in 1990 a memory effect: the activity, Δ14C = 209.6 ± 10.3‰, significantly exceeded that of the contemporaneous atmospheric CO2. However, the floating leaves of the same plant had the Δ14C value 143.1 ± 10.0‰, close to the atmospheric 14C level in 1990. The memory is explained by nutrients stored in the root stock, used when the growth starts.

Type
II. Our ‘Wet’ Environment
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 43 , Issue 2B: Proceedings of the 17th International Radiocarbon Conference (Part 2 of 3), Conference Editors: Israel Carmi, Elisabetta Boaretto , 2001 , pp. 809 - 820
Copyright
Copyright © 2001 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

References

Bartlett, HH. 1951. Radiocarbon datability of peat, marl, caliche, and archaeological materials. Science 114:55–6.Google Scholar
Bergquist, NO. 1964. Absorption of carbon dioxide by plant roots. Botaniska Notiser 117(Fasc.3):249–61.Google Scholar
Deevey, ES Jr, Gross, MS, Hutchinson, GE, Kraybill, HL. 1954. The natural C14 contents of materials from hard-water lakes. Proceedings National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Washington 40:285–8.Google Scholar
Deuser, WG, Degens, ET, Guillard, RRL. 1968. Carbon isotope relationships between plankton and sea water. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 32:657–60.Google Scholar
Donner, JJ, Jungner, H, Vasari, Y. 1971. The hard-water effect on radiocarbon measurements of samples from Säynäjälampi, norh-east Finland. Commentationes Physico-Mathematicae 41:307–10.Google Scholar
Godwin, H. 1951. Comments on radiocarbon dating for samples from the British Isles. American Journal of Science 249:301–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Håkansson, S. 1977. University of Lund radiocarbon dates X. Radiocarbon 19(3):424–41.Google Scholar
Håkansson, S. 1979. Radiocarbon activity in submerged plants from various south Swedish lakes. In: Berger, R, Suess, HE, editors. Radiocarbon dating (Proceedings of the 9th International Conference). University of California Press. p 433–43.Google Scholar
Håkansson, S. 1987. University of Lund radiocarbon dates XX. Radiocarbon 29(3):353–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hörnsten, Å, Olsson, IU. 1964. En C14-datering av glaciallera från Lugnvik, Ångermanland. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 86:206–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Keeley, JE, Sternberg, LO, DeNiro, MJ. 1986. The use of stable isotopes in the study of photosynthesis in freshwater plants. Aquatic Botany 26:213–23.Google Scholar
Lid, J. 1979. Norsk og Svensk Flora. Oslo: Det Norske Samlaget. 808 p.Google Scholar
Oana, S, Deevey, ES. 1960. Carbon 13 in lake waters, and its possible bearing on paleolimnology. American Journal of Science 258-A:253–72.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU. 1972. The pretreatment of samples and the interpretation of the results of 14C determinations. In: Vasari, Y, Hyvärinen, H, Hicks, S, editors. Climatic changes in Arctic areas during the last ten-thousand years (Proceedings A symposium at Oulanka and Kevo, 1971) Acta Universitatis Ouluensis Ser A 3 Geologica 1:9–37.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU. 1979. The radiocarbon contents of various reservoirs. In: Berger, R, Suess, HE, editors. Radiocarbon dating (Proceedings of the 9th International Conference). University of California Press. p 613–18.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU. 1983. Dating non-terrestrial materials. PACT 8:277–94.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU. 1986. A study of errors in 14C dates of peat and sediment. Radiocarbon 28(2A):429–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olsson, IU. 1991a. Accuracy and precision in sediment chronology. In: Smith, JP, Appleby, PG, Battarbee, RW, Dealing, JA, Flower, R, Haworth, EY, Oldfield, F, O'Sullivan, PE, editors. Environmental history and palae-olimnology (Proceedings Vth International Symposium on Palaeolimnology, Cumbria, UK) Hydrobiologia 214:25–34.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU. 1991b. Submerged plants and the slow response to changes in radiocarbon activity of atmospheric carbon dioxide. Radiocarbon 33(2):227.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU. 1993. A ten-year record of the different levels of the 14C activities over Sweden and the Arctic. Tellus 45B:479–81.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU. 1998. Reduction of the error multiplier by a long-term analysis of the characteristic behaviors of proportional counters. Radiocarbon 40(1): 143–9.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU. 1999. Geophysical aspects of problems in interpretations of Icelandic radiocarbon dates of archaeological samples. Norwegian Archaeological Review 32:95–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olsson, IU, El-Daoushy, F, Vasari, Y. 1983. Säynäjälampi and the difficulties inherent in the dating of sediments in a hard-water lake. Hydrobiologia 103:5–14.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU, El-Gammal, S, Göksu, Y. 1969. Uppsala natural radiocarbon measurements IX. Radiocarbon 11(2):515–44.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU, Florin, M-B. 1980. Radiocarbon dating of dy and peat in the Getsjö area, Kolmården, Sweden, to determine the rational limit of Picea. Boreas 9:289–305.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olsson, IU, Klasson, M, Abd-El-Mageed, A. 1972. Uppsala natural radiocarbon measurements XI. Radiocarbon 14(1):247–71.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU, Possnert, G. 1992. 14C activity in different sections and chemical fractions of oak tree rings, ad 1938–1981. Radiocarbon 34(3):757–67.Google Scholar
Olsson, IU, Vasari, Y. 1996. The long-term response of submerged plants in the hard-water lake, Säynäjälampi, to the bomb-radiocarbon injection. PACT 50:377–83.Google Scholar
Rajamäe, R, Saarse, L, Martma, T, Heinsalu, A, Poska, A, Veski, S. 1997. Carbon geochemistry in relation to sediment chronology of Lake Kahala. Proceedings Estonian Academy of Sciences, Geology 46:42–55.Google Scholar
Rajamäe, R, Varvas, M. 1990. Sedimentation in some NE-Estonian lakes traced by 210Pb method. Freiberger Forschungshefte C 442:126–35.Google Scholar
Saarse, L, Liiva, A. 1995. Geology of the Äntu group of lakes. Proceedings Estonian Academy of Sciences, Geology 44:119–32.Google Scholar
Saarse, L, Rajamäe, R. 1997. Holocene vegetation and climatic change on the Haanja Heights, SE Estonia. Proceedings Estonian Academy of Sciences, Geology 46:75–91.Google Scholar
Saarse, L, Veski, S, Heinsalu, A, Rajamäe, R, Martma, T. 1995. Litho- and biostratigraphy of Lake Päidre, south Estonia. Proceedings Estonian Academy of Sciences, Geology 44:45–59.Google Scholar
Sand-Jensen, K, Prahl, C. 1982. Oxygen exchange with the lacunae and across leaves and roots of the submerged vascular macrophyte, Lobelia dortmanna L. The New Phytologist 91:103–20.Google Scholar
Søndergaard, M. Sand-Jensen, K. 1979. Carbon uptake by leaves and roots of Littorella uniflora (L.) Aschers. Aquatic Botany 6:1–12.Google Scholar
Steemann Nielsen, E. 1946. Carbon sources in the photosynthesis of aquatic plants. Nature 158:594–6.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M. 1975. Climate versus changes in 13C content of the organic component of lake sediments during the Late Quaternary. Quaternary Research 5:251–62.Google Scholar
Stuiver, M, Deevey, ES. 1961. Yale natural radiocarbon measurements VI. Radiocarbon 3:126–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stuiver, M, Deevey, ES. 1962. Yale natural radiocarbon measurements VII. Radiocarbon 4:250–62.Google Scholar
Westermark, T. 1953. Åldersbestämning medelst radioaktivt kol enligt Libby. Elementa 36:85–100.Google Scholar
Wium-Andersen, S. 1971. Photosynthetic uptake of free CO2 by the roots of Lobelia dortmanna. Physiologia Plantarum 25:245–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wium-Andersen, S, Andersen, JM. 1972. Carbon dioxide content of the interstitial water in the sediment of Grane Langsø, a Danish Lobelia lake. Limnology and Oceanography 17:943–7.Google Scholar