CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β: its role in breast cancer and associations with receptor tyrosine kinases

Cynthia A. Zahnow

doi:10.1017/S1462399409001033

CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β: its role in breast cancer and associations with receptor tyrosine kinases

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 08 April 2009

Cynthia A. Zahnow

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Cynthia A. Zahnow*: Affiliation:
The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, The Bunting-Blaustein Cancer Research Building, 1650 Orleans St, Baltimore, MD 21231-1000, USA. Tel: +1 410 955 8506; Fax: +1 410 614 9884; E-mail: zahnoci@jhmi.edu

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Abstract

The CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) are a family of leucine-zipper transcription factors that regulate gene expression to control cellular proliferation, differentiation, inflammation and metabolism. Encoded by an intronless gene, C/EBPβ is expressed as several distinct protein isoforms (LAP1, LAP2, LIP) whose expression is regulated by the differential use of several in-frame translation start sites. LAP1 and LAP2 are transcriptional activators and are associated with differentiation, whereas LIP is frequently elevated in proliferative tissue and acts as a dominant-negative inhibitor of transcription. However, emerging evidence suggests that LIP can serve as a transcriptional activator in some cellular contexts, and that LAP1 and LAP2 might also have unique actions. The LIP:LAP ratio is crucial for the maintenance of normal growth and development, and increases in this ratio lead to aggressive forms of breast cancer. This review discusses the regulation of C/EBPβ activity by post-translational modification, the individual actions of LAP1, LAP2 and LIP, and the functions and downstream targets that are unique to each isoform. The role of the C/EBPβ isoforms in breast cancer is discussed and emphasis is placed on their interactions with receptor tyrosine kinases.

Type: Review Article
Information: Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine , Volume 11 , July 2009 , e12

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1462399409001033 [Opens in a new window]
Copyright: Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2009

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CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β: its role in breast cancer and associations with receptor tyrosine kinases

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CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β: its role in breast cancer and associations with receptor tyrosine kinases

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