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Prevalence of tuberculosis, brucellosis and trypanosomiasis in cattle in Tanzania: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016

Silvia Alonso Open the ORCID record for Silvia Alonso [Opens in a new window] ,
Ian Dohoo ,
Johanna Lindahl ,
Cristobal Verdugo ,
Isaiah Akuku  and
Delia Grace
Silvia Alonso*
Affiliation:
Integrated sciences department, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
Ian Dohoo
Affiliation:
Department of Health Management, University of PEI, Charlottetown PEI C1A 4P3, Canada
Johanna Lindahl
Affiliation:
Integrated sciences department, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
Cristobal Verdugo
Affiliation:
Instituto de Medicina Preventiva Veterinaria, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
Isaiah Akuku
Affiliation:
Integrated sciences department, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
Delia Grace
Affiliation:
Integrated sciences department, International Livestock Research Institute, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: s.alonso@cgiar.org
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Abstract

A meta-analysis was performed to derive prevalence estimates for Brucella spp., Mycobacterium spp. and Trypanosoma spp. in cattle in Tanzania using data derived from a systematic review of zoonotic hazards in cattle production systems. Articles published before 2012 reporting prevalence and considered at least moderate in quality were included in the analysis. Results showed high heterogeneity between studies, with wide ranges in the reported prevalence: Brucella (0.3–60.8%), Mycobacterium (0.1–13.2%) and Trypanosoma (0.82–33.3%). Overall meta-analytic mean prevalence estimates were 8.2% (95% CI 6.5–10.2), 1.28% (95% CI 0.35–4.58) and 10.3% (95% CI 6.20–16.70) respectively, for Brucella spp., Mycobacterium spp. and Trypanosoma spp. Time and region were predictors of variability of Brucella spp. prevalence, while diagnostic test was a strong predictor of Mycobacterium spp. prevalence, with higher prevalence estimates given by skin tests compared with post-mortem inspection. None of the studied factors were associated with prevalence of Trypanosoma spp. The small sample sizes, range of study locations, study designs and diagnostics used, contributed to high variability among prevalence estimates. Larger and more robust prevalence studies are needed to adequately support risk assessment and management of animal and public health threats.

Keywords

Brucella spp.Mycobacterium spp.Trypanosoma spp.cattleTanzaniaprevalencemeta-analysis
Type
Review Article
Information
Animal Health Research Reviews , Volume 17 , Special Issue 1: Systematic Reviews , June 2016 , pp. 16 - 27
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 

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