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Page 1 of 4

  • Introduction to Symposium on UN Recognition of the Human Right to a Healthy Environment

  • Part of
  • John H. Knox
  • Journal:
    AJIL Unbound / Volume 117 / 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    31 July 2023, pp. 162-166
    • Article
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  • In July 2022, the United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution recognizing the human right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment. Its proponents hope that the resolution will catalyze further action, but many of the states voting for it expressed the view that it has no legal effect in itself. Will UN recognition of this right nevertheless change international law? If so, how? This symposium brings together the perspectives of six distinguished scholars on this question. Philip Alston and Carmen Gonzalez examine how recognition may change our understanding of human rights law; Hélène Tigroudja and Maria Antonia Tigre analyze its impact on the burgeoning environmental jurisprudence of the UN human rights treaty bodies and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights; Rosemary Mwanza explores how the right may affect parallel efforts to codify the crime of ecocide; and Louis Kotzé concludes by arguing that the right still falls short of the transformational shift necessary to recognize and protect the rights of nature and of future generations. Before describing their contributions in more detail, this introduction reviews the background of the resolution and describes its main provisions.

  • 1 - Introduction

  • Edited by John H. Knox, Wake Forest University, North Carolina, Ramin Pejan
  • Book:
    The Human Right to a Healthy Environment
    Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    28 June 2018, pp 1-16

  • Summary

    This review of the contributions to this book makes clear that recognition of a global right to a healthy environment would have real benefits, both as a capstone symbolizing the growing maturity of this area of the law, and as a cornerstone for further legal developments. As a capstone, it would provide a more coherent framework for human rights norms related to environmental protection. At the same time, the right could lead to the greater acceptance and further development of the norms in this area. As several of the contributors point out, global recognition of the right to a healthy environment could push countries that have not yet recognized a constitutional right to do so, and it might open new legal remedies at the national as well as the international level. Global recognition of the right would also make clear that environmental concerns are on the same level as other fundamental human interests recognized as human rights. It seems clear that it is past time to codify this recognition in the form of a human right to a healthy environment, on the same level as the other rights that are integral to human lives of dignity, freedom, and equality.

The Human Right to a Healthy Environment
  • Edited by John H. Knox, Ramin Pejan
  • Published online:
    08 June 2018
    Print publication:
    28 June 2018
  • The absence of a globally recognized right to a healthy environment has not prevented the development of human rights norms relating to the environment. Indeed, one of the most noteworthy aspects of human rights law over the last twenty years is that UN treaty bodies, regional tribunals, special rapporteurs, and other human rights mechanisms have applied human rights law to environmental issues even without a stand-alone, justiciable human right to a healthy environment. In The Human Right to a Healthy Environment, a diverse set of scholars and practitioners, all of whom have been instrumental in defining the relationship between human rights and the environment, provide their thoughts on what is, or should be, the role of an international human right to a healthy environment. The right to a healthy environment could be a capstone to this field of law, could help to provide structure to it, or could move it in new directions.

Knox: On Rebellion
  • John Knox
  • Edited by Roger A. Mason
  • Published online:
    05 June 2012
    Print publication:
    20 January 1994
  • John Knox's First Blast of the Trumpet against the Monstrous Regiment of Women, one of the most notorious political tracts of the sixteenth century, has been more often referred to than read. Its true significance as one of a series of pamphlets which Knox wrote in 1558 on the theme of rebellion is therefore easily overlooked. This new edition of his writings includes not only The First Blast, but the three other tracts of 1558 -The Letter to the Regent of Scotland, The Appellation to the Scottish Nobility, and The Letter to the Commonalty of Scotland - in which Knox confronted the problem of resistance to tyranny. Related material, mostly drawn from Knox's own History of the Reformation in Scotland, illuminates the development of his views before 1558 and illustrates their application in the specific circumstances of the Scottish Reformation and the rule of Mary Queen of Scots. This edition thus brings together for the first time all of Knox's most important writings on rebellion.

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