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120 results

Page 1 of 6

  • 344 Income predicts low back pain but not lumbar disc height: Data for the UK Biobank Image Dataset

  • Mary Bucklin, Ashrith Alavilli, Rana Ahmad, Scott Simmons, John Martin
  • Journal:
    Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Volume 9 / Issue s1 / April 2025
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 April 2025, p. 106
    • Article
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      • Open access
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  • Objectives/Goals: Here, we utilize deep learning to automate the analysis of dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans in the UK Biobank (UKB) imaging dataset to enable a large-scale assessment of lumbar spine disc degeneration, low back pain, and socioeconomic status. Methods/Study Population: Study Population: The UKB is a biomedical database that includes lateral spine DEXA imaging for 50,000 participants. Deep Learning Model Development: A computer vision model was developed that receives a DEXA scan as input and outputs a quadrilateral that corresponds to the corners of 5 lumbar vertebral bodies. The model is a deep, fully convolutional, encoder–decoder network using DeepLabV3. Statistical Analysis: To determine our preliminary model accuracy, we used the intersection over union (IoU) metric.We analyzed data using an ordinal regression model to determine the relationship between income/ neighborhood level multiple deprivation index (MDI) and low back pain (LBP), as well as a mixed effects model to estimate the relationship between income/MDI and disc height index (DHI). Results/Anticipated Results: Our model predicted vertebral body quadrilaterals in training and unseen test data (train IoU  =  0.96, test IoU  = .91) and was used to infer data for 10,440 participants. Confirming previous studies, there were significant relationships (p0.05) between income or MDI and DHI (Figure 2). Discussion/Significance of Impact: Low back pain is the world’s leading cause of disability, and socioeconomic factors play an important role. We found no relationship between disc height index and socioeconomic status. Thus, disc degeneration may not be a factor in this low back pain phenotype.

  • Technology Enabled Remote Monitoring in Schools(TERMS): A Case Study Series Using Parallel Testing in Clinical Settings and School Workshops

  • Hafeesa Sameem, Alka Ahuja, Gemma Johns, Mrs Vicky Simmons, Oliver John
  • Journal:
    BJPsych Open / Volume 10 / Issue S1 / June 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 August 2024, p. S77
    • Article
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      • Open access
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  • Aims

    The TERMS (Technology Enabled Remote Monitoring in Schools) project aimed to elucidate the operational dynamics of remote monitoring with bluetooth-enabled physical health monitoring devices. The focus was on measuring key parameters such as usage, perceived value, accuracy, and satisfaction among patients, their families, and healthcare staff. Additionally, we sought to explore the potential future integration of remote monitoring in educational settings through school site workshops.

    Background

    Digital healthcare has become an indispensable part of effective healthcare provision on a global level. Remote monitoring is the use of technology, to monitor patients outside of a clinical setting with the help of medical devices, questionnaires, and clinical dashboards, allowing clinicians to review the data to assist in clinical assessment and decision-making. While this method is already established for conditions like Diabetes and Asthma it is not for other conditions like ADHD. This is especially a challenge for the younger demographic.

    Schools are pivotal for promoting student well-being and early interventions, leading to reduced negative outcomes like exclusion and school absence and enhanced academic attainment. The TERMS project strives to bridge the gap between education and healthcare by collaborating with schools and clinicians. This is in alignment with the digital and data strategy for health and social care in Wales as outlined by the Welsh Government(2023).

    Methods

    This study had 2 parts:

    Clinical Site Testing:

    Blue tooth-enabled clinical monitoring device readings were obtained after they were monitored first with traditional clinical monitoring devices. Additional qualitative feedback was also obtained.

    Educational Workshops:

    Workshops were carried out with students and teaching staff to collect qualitative and quantitative feedback on the remote monitoring equipment and patient-facing dashboard. This also set out to determine if remote monitoring in schools is feasible and how it could be implemented.

    Results

    A total of 47 clinical patient cases were included. The accuracy of the bluetooth-enabled device readings and those of traditional equipment were compared. Analysis of the qualitative data revealed useful domains and subdomains of opinions along with the user-friendliness of the software interface.

    Conclusion

    Overall, we have identified that patient and family perception of remote monitoring is positive, suggesting an improved/comparable level of care for their condition. Additionally, school workshops highlight that this service could be implemented within a school setting. As long as considerations were made for who would conduct the remote monitoring and what the role of the school would be.

The Entail
  • Or, The Lairds of Grippy
  • John Galt
  • Edited by Mark Schoenfield, Clare Simmons
  • Published by:
    Edinburgh University Press
    Published online:
    25 October 2023
    Print publication:
    30 June 2022
  • Memorable for characters eccentric yet socially and economically representative, and for scenes alternately comic and tragic, John Galt's 1823 novel The Entail is a compelling story of greed, anxiety, and tradition against a background of social upheaval. In addition to making this remarkable novel available in a scholarly edition with annotations suitable both for the general reader and for research, the editors provide an introduction that makes its complex legal issues - of property, marriage law, trial procedures - accessible in the context of Scottish Romanticism and modernisation. Situating Galt's aesthetic choices in dialogue with the Romantic-era Scottish novel the volume discusses the text, Galt's letters, early periodical reviews, and recent scholarship. Through annotations that clarify Scots language and dialect as well as legal parlance, the editors highlight the novel's comic collisions of language and personalities, and the attention to social transformation that Galt painstakingly, although sometimes obliquely, details.

Joseph Conrad: Contemporary Reviews
  • Supplementary Reviews
  • Edited by John G. Peters, Allan H. Simmons
  • Published online:
    22 March 2023
    Print publication:
    26 January 2023
  • Joseph Conrad: Contemporary Reviews (five volumes) is an indispensable resource for Conrad specialists and students of literary Modernism generally, aiming to provide as complete a view as possible of the contemporary reception of Joseph Conrad's works in the English-speaking world. These volumes offer insights into early twentieth-century reviewing practices, the marketing of literary fiction and the wide interest in such writing, as reviews of Conrad's work regularly appeared in provincial and colonial newspapers. Contemporary Reviews Volume 5 offers previously unavailable reviews spanning Conrad's career, from Almayer's Folly (1895) to Last Essays (1926). The nearly one thousand reviews collected here chart the consolidation of Conrad's reputation as a major English author, recording his impact upon late-Victorian literature and demonstrating how he helped shape literary Modernism. Articulating areas of critical interest that continue to attract readers and commentators today, the Contemporary Reviews confirm Conrad's growing stature in the colonial literary marketplace.

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