We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.
To save content items to your account,
please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies.
If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account.
Find out more about saving content to .
To save content items to your Kindle, first ensure no-reply@cambridge.org
is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings
on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part
of your Kindle email address below.
Find out more about saving to your Kindle.
Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations.
‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi.
‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.
This paper presents the case of a non-traditional use of the Delphi method in order to explore organisational duality and reach a consensus on the 23 organisational dualities which allow for a classification into a three-tier organisational policy model (TTOP-model). The expert group was composed of seven experts from the field of management. The process ran for four rounds to reach the final consensus examining 25 dualities and eventually focusing them down to the final 23. In addition to their practical relevance of understanding the dualities, the findings also have implications for both the literature on strategic management and the paradox lens on organisational theory through an understanding of duality in terms of the TTOP model. This research not only advances conversations in strategic management but also helps to increase confidence when adopting the Delphi method for a wider recognition of the method within both interpretivist studies and paradox research.
Landscape geophysical survey around the small upland ‘henge’ at Yarnbury, Grassington, North Yorkshire revealed few anthropogenic features around the enclosure but did identify a small rectangular structure in the same field. Sample trenching of this feature, radiocarbon and archaeomagnetic dating proved it to be an earlier Neolithic post and wattle structure of a type that is being increasingly recognised in Ireland and the west of Britain. It is the first to be recognised in the Yorkshire Dales and it is argued that the Dales may have been pivotal in the Neolithic for east–west trade as well as pastoral upland agriculture.
We report a reduction in the vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) rate from a peak of 1.5 cases per 1,000 admissions (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0−2.1) in August 2012 to 0.5 per 1,000 admissions (95% CI: 0.3−1.0) by January 2015, associated with a bundle of interventions.
Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 2015;37(1):107–109
The prevalence of neural tube defects (NTD) in Europe is around 9 per 10,000 births making it one of the most frequent congential anomalies affecting the central nervous system. NTD encompass all anomalies that are secondary to failure of closure of the neural tube. In this review, we will first summarize the embryology and some epidemiologic aspects related to NTDs. The review focuses on myelomeningocele (MMC), which is the most common distal closure defect. We will describe the secondary pathologic changes in the central and peripheral nervous system that appear later on in pregnancy and contribute to the condition's morbidity. The postnatal impact of MMC mainly depends on the upper level of the lesion. In Europe, the vast majority of parents with a fetus with prenatally diagnosed NTDs, including MMC, opt for termination of pregnancy, as they are apparently perceived as very debilitating conditions. Animal experiments have shown that prenatal surgery can reverse this sequence. This paved the way for clinical fetal surgery resulting in an apparent improvement in outcome. The results of a recent randomized trial confirmed better outcomes after fetal repair compared to postnatal repair; with follow up for 30 months. This should prompt fetal medicine specialists to reconsider their position towards this condition as well as its prenatal repair. The fetal surgery centre in Leuven did not have a clinical programme for fetal NTD repair until the publication of the MOMS trial. In order to offer this procedure safely and effectively, we allied to a high volume centre willing to share its expertise and assist us in the first procedures. Given the maternal side effects of current open fetal surgical techniques, we have intensified our research programmes to explore minimally invasive alternatives. Below we will describe how we are implementing this.
Edited by
Alex S. Evers, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis,Mervyn Maze, University of California, San Francisco,Evan D. Kharasch, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis
The Aurora programme is the European Space Agency programme of planetary exploration focused primarily on Mars. Although the long-term goals of Aurora are uncertain, the early phases of the Aurora programme are based on a number of robotic explorer missions – the first of these is the ExoMars rover mission currently scheduled for launch in 2013 (originally 2011). The ExoMars rover – developed during a Phase A study – is a 240 kg Mars rover supporting a 40 kg payload (called Pasteur) of scientific instruments specifically designed for astrobiological prospecting to search for evidence of extant or extinct life. In other words, ExoMars represents a new approach to experimental astrobiology in which scientific instruments are robotically deployed at extraterrestrial environments of astrobiological interest. Presented is an outline of the design of the rover, its robotic technology, its instrument complement and aspects of the design decisions made. ExoMars represents a highly challenging mission, both programmatically and technologically. Some comparisons are made with the highly successful Mars Exploration Rovers, Spirit and Opportunity.
Single-crystalline, single-c-domain Pb(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3 nanoislands (truncated-pyramid in shape) with an average height of ∼9 nm and a base length of ∼50 nm were grown on compressive niobium-doped SrTiO3(001) substrates using chemical solution deposition. Cross-sectional highresolution electron microscopy investigations allowed to propose a growth model of the islands, and they proved the existence of edge-type misfit dislocations at the interface.
Hephaestus, arms maker to the gods, was the only deity with a physical disability. Lame and deformed, he caricatured what his own handiwork could do to the human body. Not until the later twentieth century, however, did his heirs and successors attain the power to inflict such damage on the whole human race. Nuclear weapons lent salience to the long history of military technology. The Cold War contest between the United States and the Soviet Union attracted the most attention and concern, but in the second half of the twentieth century, science and technology transformed conventional warfare as well. Even small states with comparatively modest arsenals found themselves stressed by the growing ties and tensions between science and war.
The relationship between science, technology, and war can be said to have a set of defining characteristics: (1) State funding or patronage of arms makers has flowed through (2) institutions ranging from state arsenals to private contracts. This patronage purchased (3) qualitative improvements in military arms and equipment, as well as (4) large-scale, dependable, standardized production. To guarantee an adequate supply of scientists and engineers, the state also underwrote (5) education and training. As knowledge replaced skill in the production of superior arms and equipment, a cloak of (6) secrecy fell over military technology. The scale of activity, especially in peacetime, could give rise to (7) political coalitions; in the United States these took the form of the military-industrial complex. The scale also imposed upon states significant (8) opportunity costs in science and engineering that were often addressed by pursuit of (9) dual-use technologies. For some scientists and engineers, participation in this work posed serious (10) moral questions.
Layer splitting by helium and/or hydrogen and wafer bonding was applied for the transfer of thin single-crystalline ferroelectric oxide layers onto different substrates. The optimum conditions for achieving blistering/splitting after post-implantation annealing were experimentally obtained for LiNbO3, LaAlO3, SrTiO3 single crystals and transparent PLZT ceramic. Under certain implantation conditions large area exfoliation instead of blistering occurs after annealing of as-implanted oxides. Small area single-crystal oxide layer transfer was successfully achieved.
Recommend this
Email your librarian or administrator to recommend adding this to your organisation's collection.