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  • Part IV - Concluding Thoughts

  • Edited by Panos Merkouris, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands, Andreas Kulick, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, José Manuel Álvarez-Zarate, Universidad Externado de Colombia , Maciej Żenkiewicz, Nicholas Copernicus University of Toruń, Poland
  • Edited in association with Konrad Turnbull, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
  • Book:
    Custom and its Interpretation in International Investment Law
    Published online:
    04 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024, pp 333-345
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  • 14 - Custom and Its Interpretation in International Investment Law

  • from Part IV - Concluding Thoughts
  • Edited by Panos Merkouris, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands, Andreas Kulick, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, José Manuel Álvarez-Zarate, Universidad Externado de Colombia , Maciej Żenkiewicz, Nicholas Copernicus University of Toruń, Poland
  • Edited in association with Konrad Turnbull, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
  • Book:
    Custom and its Interpretation in International Investment Law
    Published online:
    04 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024, pp 335-345
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  • Summary

    Despite the undeniable ‘treatification’ of international investment law, that should not lead one to the erroneous assumption that, as a direct consequence of this, other sources of law and custom in particular, become gradually and increasingly more irrelevant in this particular filed of international law. Contrarily, customary rules remain of fundamental importance in what has been called ‘the age of treatification of international investment law’. Furthermore, custom, both in its primary rule and secondary rule incarnation, potentially will even further grow in its importance to international investment law and arbitration, considering the seemingly increasing trend of what may be dubbed if not a ‘de-treatification’ then at least a decrease in the number of treaties (or treaty ratifications) relating to international investment law. Even with the justified criticisms about false narratives and the creation of custom being a reflection of prior and current power structures, the study of custom and its function across all stages of its life-cycle has a lot to yield. Both these criticisms and the general academic inquiries into the lacunae of custom (at the identification as well as the interpretation/content-determination stages) contribute to the gradual refinement of our understanding of how custom works, how it is used, what gaps it has and how it can adapt to modern challenges and new circumstances.

  • Copyright page

  • Edited by Panos Merkouris, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands, Andreas Kulick, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, José Manuel Álvarez-Zarate, Universidad Externado de Colombia , Maciej Żenkiewicz, Nicholas Copernicus University of Toruń, Poland
  • Edited in association with Konrad Turnbull, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
  • Book:
    Custom and its Interpretation in International Investment Law
    Published online:
    04 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024, pp iv-iv
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  • Table of Cases

  • Edited by Panos Merkouris, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands, Andreas Kulick, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, José Manuel Álvarez-Zarate, Universidad Externado de Colombia , Maciej Żenkiewicz, Nicholas Copernicus University of Toruń, Poland
  • Edited in association with Konrad Turnbull, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
  • Book:
    Custom and its Interpretation in International Investment Law
    Published online:
    04 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024, pp xvi-xxxv
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  • Foreword: Custom and International Investment Law

  • Edited by Panos Merkouris, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands, Andreas Kulick, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, José Manuel Álvarez-Zarate, Universidad Externado de Colombia , Maciej Żenkiewicz, Nicholas Copernicus University of Toruń, Poland
  • Edited in association with Konrad Turnbull, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
  • Book:
    Custom and its Interpretation in International Investment Law
    Published online:
    04 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024, pp xiv-xv
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  • Index

  • Edited by Panos Merkouris, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands, Andreas Kulick, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, José Manuel Álvarez-Zarate, Universidad Externado de Colombia , Maciej Żenkiewicz, Nicholas Copernicus University of Toruń, Poland
  • Edited in association with Konrad Turnbull, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
  • Book:
    Custom and its Interpretation in International Investment Law
    Published online:
    04 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024, pp 374-379
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  • Part III - Interpreting Customary International Rules

  • Edited by Panos Merkouris, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands, Andreas Kulick, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, José Manuel Álvarez-Zarate, Universidad Externado de Colombia , Maciej Żenkiewicz, Nicholas Copernicus University of Toruń, Poland
  • Edited in association with Konrad Turnbull, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
  • Book:
    Custom and its Interpretation in International Investment Law
    Published online:
    04 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024, pp 231-332
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  • Contents

  • Edited by Panos Merkouris, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands, Andreas Kulick, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, José Manuel Álvarez-Zarate, Universidad Externado de Colombia , Maciej Żenkiewicz, Nicholas Copernicus University of Toruń, Poland
  • Edited in association with Konrad Turnbull, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
  • Book:
    Custom and its Interpretation in International Investment Law
    Published online:
    04 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024, pp v-vii
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  • Contributors

  • Edited by Panos Merkouris, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands, Andreas Kulick, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, José Manuel Álvarez-Zarate, Universidad Externado de Colombia , Maciej Żenkiewicz, Nicholas Copernicus University of Toruń, Poland
  • Edited in association with Konrad Turnbull, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
  • Book:
    Custom and its Interpretation in International Investment Law
    Published online:
    04 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024, pp viii-xiii
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  • Abbreviations

  • Edited by Panos Merkouris, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands, Andreas Kulick, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, José Manuel Álvarez-Zarate, Universidad Externado de Colombia , Maciej Żenkiewicz, Nicholas Copernicus University of Toruń, Poland
  • Edited in association with Konrad Turnbull, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
  • Book:
    Custom and its Interpretation in International Investment Law
    Published online:
    04 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024, pp xlvii-lii
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  • Bibliography

  • Edited by Panos Merkouris, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands, Andreas Kulick, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Germany, José Manuel Álvarez-Zarate, Universidad Externado de Colombia , Maciej Żenkiewicz, Nicholas Copernicus University of Toruń, Poland
  • Edited in association with Konrad Turnbull, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands
  • Book:
    Custom and its Interpretation in International Investment Law
    Published online:
    04 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024, pp 346-373
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Custom and its Interpretation in International Investment Law
  • Volume 2
  • Edited by Panos Merkouris, Andreas Kulick, José Manuel Álvarez-Zarate, Maciej Żenkiewicz
  • Edited in association with Konrad Turnbull
  • Published online:
    04 January 2024
    Print publication:
    18 January 2024
  • At first glance, one may think of international investment law as a response to custom (or lack thereof), instead of a field of its application. However, in fact, the opposite is the case. The interpretation and application of customary rules and principles are the bread and butter of international investment law and arbitration. With a diverse range of expert contributors, this collection traces how customary international law is practised in international investment law. It considers how custom should be interpreted and how its rules and principles should be understood and applied by investor-state arbitral tribunals. Raising and addressing vital questions surrounding custom and international law, this collection is a necessary contribution to the scholarship of the theory and history of customary international law and international investment law. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Reassertion of Control over the Investment Treaty Regime
  • Edited by Andreas Kulick
  • Published online:
    12 January 2017
    Print publication:
    15 December 2016
  • Driven by public opinion in host states, contracting parties to investment agreements are pursuing many avenues in order to curb a system that is being perceived - correctly or not - as having run out of control. Reassertion of Control over the Investment Treaty Regime is the first book of its kind to examine the many issues of procedure, substantive law, and policy which arise from this trend. From procedural aspects such as frivolous claims mechanisms, the establishment of appeals mechanism or state-state arbitration, to substantive issues such as joint interpretations, treaty termination or detailed definitions of standards of protection, the book identifies and discusses the main means by which states do or may reassert their control over the interpretation and application of investment treaties. Each chapter tackles one of these avenues and evaluates its potential to serve as an instrument in states' reassertion of control.

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