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Empowering Lone Parents to Progress towards Employability
- COLIN LINDSAY, SARAH PEARSON, ELAINE BATTY, ANNE MARIE CULLEN, WILL EADSON
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- Journal:
- Journal of Social Policy / Volume 51 / Issue 4 / October 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 April 2021, pp. 856-875
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- October 2022
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Policymakers in liberal welfare states like the UK have prioritised extending the reach of compulsory activation to target vulnerable jobseeker groups, such as lone parents. However, such interventions – especially when combined with intensified welfare conditionality – appear to have had limited positive effects on lone parents’ employability, while often negatively impacting wellbeing. This article argues that the problem is a disconnect between the complex barriers to employability faced by lone parents (including their need to balance work and caring) and the content of ‘work-first’ activation favoured by successive UK Governments. We report positive findings from in-depth interviews with lone parents and key stakeholders involved in more person-centred, non-compulsory local employability services. Multi-agency service delivery, collaborative governance and a clear role for user voice in programme design were important facilitators of positive experiences. Our analysis points to the need for services that empower lone parents to make choices to progress towards employment while supporting family life.
Understanding the Impact of COVID-19 on Physician Moms
- Claire Pearson, Miriam Levine, Anne Messman, Teena Chopra, Reda Awali, Lauren Robb, Ryan Melikian, Andrea Janis, Diane L. Levine
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- Journal:
- Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness / Volume 16 / Issue 5 / October 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 February 2021, pp. 2049-2055
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Objective:
This study evaluates the personal and professional experiences of physician mothers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the impact of the pandemic on the lives of physician mothers.
Methods:Using social media to reach a broad range of physicians, a convenience sample of physician mothers completed an on-line survey posted between April 27 and May 11. Members were encouraged to repost on social media and share with personal contacts resulting in a passive snowball sampling effect.
Results:A total of 2709 physician mothers from 48 states, Puerto Rico, and 19 countries representing more than 25 medical specialties completed the survey. Most were between 30 and 39 y of age, 67% self-identified as white, 17% as Asian, 4% as African American. Most had been working for 11-16 y. A total of 91% had a spouse/partner of the opposite sex. Over half were practicing in an area they identified as high COVID-19 density, while 50% had personally cared for a person with COVID-19. Physician mothers were most concerned about exposing their children to COVID-19 and about the morale and safety of their staff.
Conclusions:This is one of the first studies to explore the personal and professional challenges facing physician mothers during a pandemic. Physician mothers were most concerned about exposing their families to COVID-19. Mothers continued to work and at times increased their work, despite having domestic, childcare, and schooling responsibilities.
New Radiocarbon Dates Show Early Neolithic Date of Flint-Mining and Stone Quarrying in Britain
- Kevan Edinborough, Stephen Shennan, Anne Teather, Jon Baczkowski, Andrew Bevan, Richard Bradley, Gordon Cook, Tim Kerig, Mike Parker Pearson, Alexander Pope, Peter Schauer
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- Journal:
- Radiocarbon / Volume 62 / Issue 1 / February 2020
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 07 August 2019, pp. 75-105
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- February 2020
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New radiocarbon (14C) dates suggest a simultaneous appearance of two technologically and geographically distinct axe production practices in Neolithic Britain; igneous open-air quarries in Great Langdale, Cumbria, and from flint mines in southern England at ~4000–3700 cal BC. In light of the recent evidence that farming was introduced at this time by large-scale immigration from northwest Europe, and that expansion within Britain was extremely rapid, we argue that this synchronicity supports this speed of colonization and reflects a knowledge of complex extraction processes and associated exchange networks already possessed by the immigrant groups; long-range connections developed as colonization rapidly expanded. Although we can model the start of these new extraction activities, it remains difficult to estimate how long significant production activity lasted at these key sites given the nature of the record from which samples could be obtained.
Street-Level Practice, Personalisation and Co-Production in Employability: Insights from Local Services with Lone Parents
- Colin Lindsay, Sarah Pearson, Elaine Batty, Anne Marie Cullen, Will Eadson
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- Journal:
- Social Policy and Society / Volume 18 / Issue 4 / October 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 May 2019, pp. 647-658
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- October 2019
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Policymakers in the UK have promised to deliver personalised employability services for vulnerable jobseekers. However, unemployed people often describe their engagement with state-funded services as defined by: the offer of low cost, standardised job search services; and pressure to accept any job, irrespective of quality or appropriateness. This article argues that more progressive, co-produced alternatives are possible. We draw on an evaluation of local, third sector-led services targeting lone parents (LPs) in five local government areas in Scotland. Our research involved more than 100 in-depth interviews with both service providers and LPs. We find that partnership-oriented co-governance mechanisms facilitated collaborative approaches to the management of services and processes of co-production. LPs expressed positive views of the personalised services that were co-produced. We conclude that a commitment to collaboration and co-production may be more effective in promoting personalised services that are responsive to the needs of vulnerable groups.
LEGITIMACY OF MEDICINES FUNDING IN THE ERA OF ACCELERATED ACCESS
- Jessica Pace, Sallie-Anne Pearson, Wendy Lipworth
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- Journal:
- International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care / Volume 33 / Issue 6 / 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 September 2017, pp. 700-707
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Objectives: In recent years, numerous frameworks have been developed to enhance the legitimacy of health technology assessment processes. Despite efforts to implement these “legitimacy frameworks,” medicines funding decisions can still be perceived as lacking in legitimacy. We, therefore, sought to examine stakeholder views on factors that they think should be considered when making decisions about the funding of high-cost breast cancer therapies, focusing on those that are not included in current frameworks and processes.
Methods: We analyzed published discourse on the funding of high-cost breast-cancer therapies. Relevant materials were identified by searching the databases Google, Google Scholar, and Factiva in August 2014 and July 2016 and these were analyzed thematically.
Results: We analyzed fifty published materials and found that stakeholders, for the most part, want to be able to access medicines more quickly and at the same time as other patients and for decision makers to be more flexible with regards to evidence requirements and to use a wider range of criteria when evaluating therapies. Many also advocated for existing process to be accelerated or bypassed to improve access to therapies.
Conclusions: Our results illustrate that a stakeholder-derived conceptualization of legitimacy emphasizes principles of accelerated access and is not fully accounted for by existing frameworks and processes aimed at promoting legitimacy. However, further research examining the ethical, political, and clinical implications of the stakeholder claims raised here is needed before firm policy recommendations can be made.
Part IV - Skills required to care for patients with specific needs
- Jacqueline Bloomfield, University of Sydney, Anne Pegram, King's College London, Rhonda Wilson, University of New England, Australia, Alan Pearson, University of Adelaide, Nicholas Procter, University of South Australia, William McGuiness, La Trobe University, Victoria, Jane Stein-Parbury, University of Technology, Sydney, Sally Bristow, University of New England, Australia, Julie Dally, University of Notre Dame, Brigid Gillespie, Griffith University, Queensland, Benjamin Hay, University of Notre Dame, Richard Lakeman, Southern Cross University, Australia, Elicia Kunst, Southern Cross University, Australia, Zaneta Smith, Deborah Norton-Westwood, Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Suzanne Robertson-Malt, EBP - Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Ramon Z. Shaban, Griffith University, Queensland, Thea van de Mortel, Griffith University, Queensland, Peta-Anne Zimmerman, Griffith University, Queensland, Erica Wood, Monash University, Victoria, Marilyn Cruikshank, Griffith University, Queensland
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- Clinical Nursing Skills
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- 05 December 2019
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- 21 October 2016, pp 435-436
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Glossary
- Jacqueline Bloomfield, University of Sydney, Anne Pegram, King's College London, Rhonda Wilson, University of New England, Australia, Alan Pearson, University of Adelaide, Nicholas Procter, University of South Australia, William McGuiness, La Trobe University, Victoria, Jane Stein-Parbury, University of Technology, Sydney, Sally Bristow, University of New England, Australia, Julie Dally, University of Notre Dame, Brigid Gillespie, Griffith University, Queensland, Benjamin Hay, University of Notre Dame, Richard Lakeman, Southern Cross University, Australia, Elicia Kunst, Southern Cross University, Australia, Zaneta Smith, Deborah Norton-Westwood, Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Suzanne Robertson-Malt, EBP - Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Ramon Z. Shaban, Griffith University, Queensland, Thea van de Mortel, Griffith University, Queensland, Peta-Anne Zimmerman, Griffith University, Queensland, Erica Wood, Monash University, Victoria, Marilyn Cruikshank, Griffith University, Queensland
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- Clinical Nursing Skills
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- 05 December 2019
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- 21 October 2016, pp 507-513
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Part I - Skills in nursing
- Jacqueline Bloomfield, University of Sydney, Anne Pegram, King's College London, Rhonda Wilson, University of New England, Australia, Alan Pearson, University of Adelaide, Nicholas Procter, University of South Australia, William McGuiness, La Trobe University, Victoria, Jane Stein-Parbury, University of Technology, Sydney, Sally Bristow, University of New England, Australia, Julie Dally, University of Notre Dame, Brigid Gillespie, Griffith University, Queensland, Benjamin Hay, University of Notre Dame, Richard Lakeman, Southern Cross University, Australia, Elicia Kunst, Southern Cross University, Australia, Zaneta Smith, Deborah Norton-Westwood, Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Suzanne Robertson-Malt, EBP - Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Ramon Z. Shaban, Griffith University, Queensland, Thea van de Mortel, Griffith University, Queensland, Peta-Anne Zimmerman, Griffith University, Queensland, Erica Wood, Monash University, Victoria, Marilyn Cruikshank, Griffith University, Queensland
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- Clinical Nursing Skills
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- 05 December 2019
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- 21 October 2016, pp 1-2
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List of contributors
- Jacqueline Bloomfield, University of Sydney, Anne Pegram, King's College London, Rhonda Wilson, University of New England, Australia, Alan Pearson, University of Adelaide, Nicholas Procter, University of South Australia, William McGuiness, La Trobe University, Victoria, Jane Stein-Parbury, University of Technology, Sydney, Sally Bristow, University of New England, Australia, Julie Dally, University of Notre Dame, Brigid Gillespie, Griffith University, Queensland, Benjamin Hay, University of Notre Dame, Richard Lakeman, Southern Cross University, Australia, Elicia Kunst, Southern Cross University, Australia, Zaneta Smith, Deborah Norton-Westwood, Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Suzanne Robertson-Malt, EBP - Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Ramon Z. Shaban, Griffith University, Queensland, Thea van de Mortel, Griffith University, Queensland, Peta-Anne Zimmerman, Griffith University, Queensland, Erica Wood, Monash University, Victoria, Marilyn Cruikshank, Griffith University, Queensland
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- 05 December 2019
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- 21 October 2016, pp xiii-xvi
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Part III - Fundamental skills for patient care
- Jacqueline Bloomfield, University of Sydney, Anne Pegram, King's College London, Rhonda Wilson, University of New England, Australia, Alan Pearson, University of Adelaide, Nicholas Procter, University of South Australia, William McGuiness, La Trobe University, Victoria, Jane Stein-Parbury, University of Technology, Sydney, Sally Bristow, University of New England, Australia, Julie Dally, University of Notre Dame, Brigid Gillespie, Griffith University, Queensland, Benjamin Hay, University of Notre Dame, Richard Lakeman, Southern Cross University, Australia, Elicia Kunst, Southern Cross University, Australia, Zaneta Smith, Deborah Norton-Westwood, Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Suzanne Robertson-Malt, EBP - Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Ramon Z. Shaban, Griffith University, Queensland, Thea van de Mortel, Griffith University, Queensland, Peta-Anne Zimmerman, Griffith University, Queensland, Erica Wood, Monash University, Victoria, Marilyn Cruikshank, Griffith University, Queensland
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- Clinical Nursing Skills
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- 05 December 2019
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- 21 October 2016, pp 121-122
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Contents
- Jacqueline Bloomfield, University of Sydney, Anne Pegram, King's College London, Rhonda Wilson, University of New England, Australia, Alan Pearson, University of Adelaide, Nicholas Procter, University of South Australia, William McGuiness, La Trobe University, Victoria, Jane Stein-Parbury, University of Technology, Sydney, Sally Bristow, University of New England, Australia, Julie Dally, University of Notre Dame, Brigid Gillespie, Griffith University, Queensland, Benjamin Hay, University of Notre Dame, Richard Lakeman, Southern Cross University, Australia, Elicia Kunst, Southern Cross University, Australia, Zaneta Smith, Deborah Norton-Westwood, Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Suzanne Robertson-Malt, EBP - Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Ramon Z. Shaban, Griffith University, Queensland, Thea van de Mortel, Griffith University, Queensland, Peta-Anne Zimmerman, Griffith University, Queensland, Erica Wood, Monash University, Victoria, Marilyn Cruikshank, Griffith University, Queensland
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- Clinical Nursing Skills
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- 05 December 2019
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- 21 October 2016, pp v-xii
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Part II - Communication and assessment
- Jacqueline Bloomfield, University of Sydney, Anne Pegram, King's College London, Rhonda Wilson, University of New England, Australia, Alan Pearson, University of Adelaide, Nicholas Procter, University of South Australia, William McGuiness, La Trobe University, Victoria, Jane Stein-Parbury, University of Technology, Sydney, Sally Bristow, University of New England, Australia, Julie Dally, University of Notre Dame, Brigid Gillespie, Griffith University, Queensland, Benjamin Hay, University of Notre Dame, Richard Lakeman, Southern Cross University, Australia, Elicia Kunst, Southern Cross University, Australia, Zaneta Smith, Deborah Norton-Westwood, Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Suzanne Robertson-Malt, EBP - Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Ramon Z. Shaban, Griffith University, Queensland, Thea van de Mortel, Griffith University, Queensland, Peta-Anne Zimmerman, Griffith University, Queensland, Erica Wood, Monash University, Victoria, Marilyn Cruikshank, Griffith University, Queensland
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- Clinical Nursing Skills
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- 05 December 2019
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- 21 October 2016, pp 71-72
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Index
- Jacqueline Bloomfield, University of Sydney, Anne Pegram, King's College London, Rhonda Wilson, University of New England, Australia, Alan Pearson, University of Adelaide, Nicholas Procter, University of South Australia, William McGuiness, La Trobe University, Victoria, Jane Stein-Parbury, University of Technology, Sydney, Sally Bristow, University of New England, Australia, Julie Dally, University of Notre Dame, Brigid Gillespie, Griffith University, Queensland, Benjamin Hay, University of Notre Dame, Richard Lakeman, Southern Cross University, Australia, Elicia Kunst, Southern Cross University, Australia, Zaneta Smith, Deborah Norton-Westwood, Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Suzanne Robertson-Malt, EBP - Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Ramon Z. Shaban, Griffith University, Queensland, Thea van de Mortel, Griffith University, Queensland, Peta-Anne Zimmerman, Griffith University, Queensland, Erica Wood, Monash University, Victoria, Marilyn Cruikshank, Griffith University, Queensland
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- Clinical Nursing Skills
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- 05 December 2019
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- 21 October 2016, pp 514-523
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Frontmatter
- Jacqueline Bloomfield, University of Sydney, Anne Pegram, King's College London, Rhonda Wilson, University of New England, Australia, Alan Pearson, University of Adelaide, Nicholas Procter, University of South Australia, William McGuiness, La Trobe University, Victoria, Jane Stein-Parbury, University of Technology, Sydney, Sally Bristow, University of New England, Australia, Julie Dally, University of Notre Dame, Brigid Gillespie, Griffith University, Queensland, Benjamin Hay, University of Notre Dame, Richard Lakeman, Southern Cross University, Australia, Elicia Kunst, Southern Cross University, Australia, Zaneta Smith, Deborah Norton-Westwood, Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Suzanne Robertson-Malt, EBP - Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Ramon Z. Shaban, Griffith University, Queensland, Thea van de Mortel, Griffith University, Queensland, Peta-Anne Zimmerman, Griffith University, Queensland, Erica Wood, Monash University, Victoria, Marilyn Cruikshank, Griffith University, Queensland
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- Clinical Nursing Skills
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- 05 December 2019
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- 21 October 2016, pp i-iv
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Clinical Nursing Skills
- An Australian Perspective
- Jacqueline Bloomfield, Anne Pegram, Rhonda Wilson, Alan Pearson, Nicholas Procter, William McGuiness, Jane Stein-Parbury, Sally Bristow, Julie Dally, Brigid Gillespie, Benjamin Hay, Richard Lakeman, Elicia Kunst, Zaneta Smith, Deborah Norton-Westwood, Suzanne Robertson-Malt, Ramon Z. Shaban, Thea van de Mortel, Peta-Anne Zimmerman, Erica Wood, Marilyn Cruikshank
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- 05 December 2019
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- 21 October 2016
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Clinical Nursing Skills provides students with a strong, industry-focused foundation in nursing across various clinical settings. It includes the essential theory as well as relevant practical examples, which illustrate the skills required to prepare students for the workplace and help them achieve clinical competence. Each chapter is written by leading academics and based on the registered nurse standards for practice. Pedagogical features include learning objectives, reflective questions, clinical tips, full-colour images, in-situ troubleshooting case studies, skills in practice case studies, keys terms and definitions, and research topics for further study. Clinical Nursing Skills is a highly practical and authoritative resource designed to educate the next generation of nurses. The book comes with free access to the VitalSource etext. This enhanced version of Clinical Nursing Skills houses homework assignments, tutorial assistance, guided solutions and additional content in one convenient resource, which you can download to your computer or mobile device.
Acknowledgements
- Jacqueline Bloomfield, University of Sydney, Anne Pegram, King's College London, Rhonda Wilson, University of New England, Australia, Alan Pearson, University of Adelaide, Nicholas Procter, University of South Australia, William McGuiness, La Trobe University, Victoria, Jane Stein-Parbury, University of Technology, Sydney, Sally Bristow, University of New England, Australia, Julie Dally, University of Notre Dame, Brigid Gillespie, Griffith University, Queensland, Benjamin Hay, University of Notre Dame, Richard Lakeman, Southern Cross University, Australia, Elicia Kunst, Southern Cross University, Australia, Zaneta Smith, Deborah Norton-Westwood, Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Suzanne Robertson-Malt, EBP - Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Ramon Z. Shaban, Griffith University, Queensland, Thea van de Mortel, Griffith University, Queensland, Peta-Anne Zimmerman, Griffith University, Queensland, Erica Wood, Monash University, Victoria, Marilyn Cruikshank, Griffith University, Queensland
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- Clinical Nursing Skills
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- 05 December 2019
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- 21 October 2016, pp xvii-xviii
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Contributors
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- By Rony A. Adam, Gloria Bachmann, Nichole M. Barker, Randall B. Barnes, John Bennett, Inbar Ben-Shachar, Jonathan S. Berek, Sarah L. Berga, Monica W. Best, Eric J. Bieber, Frank M. Biro, Shan Biscette, Anita K. Blanchard, Candace Brown, Ronald T. Burkman, Joseph Buscema, John E. Buster, Michael Byas-Smith, Sandra Ann Carson, Judy C. Chang, Annie N. Y. Cheung, Mindy S. Christianson, Karishma Circelli, Daniel L. Clarke-Pearson, Larry J. Copeland, Bryan D. Cowan, Navneet Dhillon, Michael P. Diamond, Conception Diaz-Arrastia, Nicole M. Donnellan, Michael L. Eisenberg, Eric Eisenhauer, Sebastian Faro, J. Stuart Ferriss, Lisa C. Flowers, Susan J. Freeman, Leda Gattoc, Claudine Marie Gayle, Timothy M. Geiger, Jennifer S. Gell, Alan N. Gordon, Victoria L. Green, Jon K. Hathaway, Enrique Hernandez, S. Paige Hertweck, Randall S. Hines, Ira R. Horowitz, Fred M. Howard, William W. Hurd, Fidan Israfilbayli, Denise J. Jamieson, Carolyn R. Jaslow, Erika B. Johnston-MacAnanny, Rohna M. Kearney, Namita Khanna, Caroline C. King, Jeremy A. King, Ira J. Kodner, Tamara Kolev, Athena P. Kourtis, S. Robert Kovac, Ertug Kovanci, William H. Kutteh, Eduardo Lara-Torre, Pallavi Latthe, Herschel W. Lawson, Ronald L. Levine, Frank W. Ling, Larry I. Lipshultz, Steven D. McCarus, Robert McLellan, Shruti Malik, Suketu M. Mansuria, Mohamed K. Mehasseb, Pamela J. Murray, Saloney Nazeer, Farr R. Nezhat, Hextan Y. S. Ngan, Gina M. Northington, Peggy A. Norton, Ruth M. O'Regan, Kristiina Parviainen, Resad P. Pasic, Tanja Pejovic, K. Ulrich Petry, Nancy A. Phillips, Ashish Pradhan, Elizabeth E. Puscheck, Suneetha Rachaneni, Devon M. Ramaeker, David B. Redwine, Robert L. Reid, Carla P. Roberts, Walter Romano, Peter G. Rose, Robert L. Rosenfield, Shon P. Rowan, Mack T. Ruffin, Janice M. Rymer, Evis Sala, Ritu Salani, Joseph S. Sanfilippo, Mahmood I. Shafi, Roger P. Smith, Meredith L. Snook, Thomas E. Snyder, Mary D. Stephenson, Thomas G. Stovall, Richard L. Sweet, Philip M. Toozs-Hobson, Togas Tulandi, Elizabeth R. Unger, Denise S. Uyar, Marion S. Verp, Rahi Victory, Tamara J. Vokes, Michelle J. Washington, Katharine O'Connell White, Paul E. Wise, Frank M. Wittmaack, Miya P. Yamamoto, Christine Yu, Howard A. Zacur
- Edited by Eric J. Bieber, Joseph S. Sanfilippo, University of Pittsburgh, Ira R. Horowitz, Emory University, Atlanta, Mahmood I. Shafi
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- Clinical Gynecology
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- 05 April 2015
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- 23 April 2015, pp viii-xiv
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Outcome Measures for Clinical Drug Trials in Autism
- Michael G. Aman, Sherie Novotny, Carole Samango-Sprouse, Luc Lecavalier, Elizabeth Leonard, Kenneth D. Gadow, Bryan H. King, Deborah A. Pearson, Morton Ann Gernsbacher, Michael Chez
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- CNS Spectrums / Volume 9 / Issue 1 / January 2004
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 07 November 2014, pp. 36-47
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This paper identifies instruments and measures that may be appropriate for randomized clinical trials in participants with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The Clinical Global Impressions scale was recommended for all randomized clinical trials. At this point, however, there is no “perfect” choice of outcome measure for core features of autism, although we will discuss five measures of potential utility. Several communication instruments are recommended, based in part on suitability across the age range. In trials where the intention is to alter core features of ASDs, adaptive behavior scales are also worthy of consideration. Several “behavior complexes” common to ASDs are identified, and instruments are recommended for assessment of these. Given the prevalence of cognitive impairment in ASDs, it is important to assess any cognitive effects, although cognitive data from ASD randomized clinical trials, thus far, are minimal. Guidance from trials in related pharmacologic areas and behavioral pharmacology may be helpful. We recommend routine elicitation of side effects, height and weight, vital signs, and (in the case of antipsychotics) extrapyramidal side-effects assessment. It is often appropriate to include laboratory tests and assessments for continence and sleep pattern.
Contributors
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. Deichmann Edwards, Miguel A. De La Torre, George E. Demacopoulos, Thomas de Mayo, Leah DeVun, Beatriz de Vasconcellos Dias, Dennis C. Dickerson, John M. Dillon, Luis Miguel Donatello, Igor Dorfmann-Lazarev, Susanna Drake, Jonathan A. Draper, N. Dreher Martin, Otto Dreydoppel, Angelyn Dries, A. J. Droge, Francis X. D'Sa, Marilyn Dunn, Nicole Wilkinson Duran, Rifaat Ebied, Mark J. Edwards, William H. Edwards, Leonard H. Ehrlich, Nancy L. Eiesland, Martin Elbel, J. Harold Ellens, Stephen Ellingson, Marvin M. Ellison, Robert Ellsberg, Jean Bethke Elshtain, Eldon Jay Epp, Peter C. Erb, Tassilo Erhardt, Maria Erling, Noel Leo Erskine, Gillian R. Evans, Virginia Fabella, Michael A. Fahey, Edward Farley, Margaret A. Farley, Wendy Farley, Robert Fastiggi, Seena Fazel, Duncan S. Ferguson, Helwar Figueroa, Paul Corby Finney, Kyriaki Karidoyanes FitzGerald, Thomas E. FitzGerald, John R. Fitzmier, Marie Therese Flanagan, Sabina Flanagan, Claude Flipo, Ronald B. Flowers, Carole Fontaine, David Ford, Mary Ford, Stephanie A. Ford, Jim Forest, William Franke, Robert M. Franklin, Ruth Franzén, Edward H. Friedman, Samuel Frouisou, Lorelei F. Fuchs, Jojo M. Fung, Inger Furseth, Richard R. Gaillardetz, Brandon Gallaher, China Galland, Mark Galli, Ismael García, Tharscisse Gatwa, Jean-Marie Gaudeul, Luis María Gavilanes del Castillo, Pavel L. Gavrilyuk, Volney P. Gay, Metropolitan Athanasios Geevargis, Kondothra M. George, Mary Gerhart, Simon Gikandi, Maurice Gilbert, Michael J. Gillgannon, Verónica Giménez Beliveau, Terryl Givens, Beth Glazier-McDonald, Philip Gleason, Menghun Goh, Brian Golding, Bishop Hilario M. Gomez, Michelle A. Gonzalez, Donald K. Gorrell, Roy Gottfried, Tamara Grdzelidze, Joel B. Green, Niels Henrik Gregersen, Cristina Grenholm, Herbert Griffiths, Eric W. Gritsch, Erich S. Gruen, Christoffer H. Grundmann, Paul H. Gundani, Jon P. Gunnemann, Petre Guran, Vidar L. Haanes, Jeremiah M. 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- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- Book:
- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
- Published online:
- 05 August 2012
- Print publication:
- 20 September 2010, pp xi-xliv
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Factors affecting the measurements of draught force, work output and power of oxen
- P. R. Lawrence, R. Anne Pearson
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- The Journal of Agricultural Science / Volume 105 / Issue 3 / December 1985
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 March 2009, pp. 703-714
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Measurements were taken of the draught force, speed and power of three pairs of oxen performing a variety of tasks for long (30 sec) or short (5 sec) periods. True draught force was measured by integrating the force exerted with respect to distance (DADF) and apparent draught force by integrating with respect to time (TADF). The latter type of measurement is that normally obtained from commercially available dynamometers.
In the first experiment short TADF measurements were found to be greater and more variable than long DADF measurements by up to 38% for a variety of jobs. In the second and third experiments in which TADF and DADF were measured completely simultaneously, TADF was nearly always larger than DADF, and the difference tended to be greater with large or jerky loads and smaller, less experienced oxen.
For any given task, the observed variability in replicate measurements of draught force or power was substantially reduced by using long rather than short measurements. However, this effect was not observed in the case of speed of travel.