Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
  1. Home
  2. Search

Refine search

Refine search

Access:
Content type:
Publication date:
Apply   From and To filters
Subject: Show more
Journals Show more
Publishers: Show more
Societies Show more
Series: Show more
Collections: Show more

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
Cancel
×

10 results

  • Observer-rated environmental sensitivity and its characterization at behavioral, genetic, and physiological levels

  • Sofie Weyn, Francesca Lionetti, Daniel N. Klein, Elaine Aron, Arthur Aron, Elizabeth P. Hayden, Lea R. Dougherty, Shiva Singh, Monika Waszczuk, Roman Kotov, Anna Docherty, Andrey Shabalin, Michael Pluess
  • Journal:
    Development and Psychopathology , First View
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    08 January 2025, pp. 1-15
    • Article
      • You have access
      • Open access
    • PDF
    • HTML
    • Export citation

  • This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Highly Sensitive Child-Rating System (HSC-RS), the existence of sensitivity groups, and the characterization of sensitivity at behavioral, genetic, and physiological levels in 541 preschoolers (M(SD)age = 3.56(0.27); 45%male; 87%Caucasian). Temperament, genetic, cortisol, and electroencephalography asymmetry data were collected in subsamples (n = 94-476). Results showed a reliable observational measure of sensitivity. Confirmatory factor and latent class analysis supported a one-factor solution and three sensitivity groups, that are a low (23.3%), medium (54.2%), and a high (22.5%) sensitivity group. Hierarchical regression analyses showed moderate associations between HSC-RS and observed temperament traits (i.e., behavioral level). In addition, a small negative association between HSC-RS and a genome-wide association study polygenic risk score (GWAS PGS) for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder was found. No relations with candidate genes, other GWAS PGS phenotypes, and physiological measures were found. Implications of our findings and possible explanations for a lack of these associations are discussed.

  • 6 - The Self-Expansion Model and Relationship Maintenance

  • from Part II - Theories of Relationship Maintenance
  • Edited by Brian G. Ogolsky, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, J. Kale Monk, University of Missouri
  • Book:
    Relationship Maintenance
    Published online:
    02 December 2019
    Print publication:
    19 December 2019, pp 86-106

  • Summary

    In this chapter, we discuss romantic relationship maintenance in the context of self-expansion. Overall, we review the self-expansion model and its accompanying empirical literature over the past 30 years, and consider some implications and future directions. Specifically, we begin by conceptualizing relationship maintenance, describing the self-expansion model (including both of its key principles: motivation to expand one's abilities to accomplish goals and including close others in the self), and covering some of the foundational work conducted with couples (e.g., self–other overlap and relational benefits of shared exciting activities). We then review research showing that relationship maintenance and self-expansion are positively related, and discuss potential mechanisms and theoretical underpinnings. We next explore more recent research on individual self-expansion and its implications for the maintenance of close relationships. Throughout the chapter, we provide illustrative examples of how self-expansion is associated with relationship characteristics, behaviors, maintenance, and outcomes. These examples will hopefully allow readers to better understand the concepts, theories, and empirical findings, and also allow utilization of this knowledge in real-life applications. Finally, we end with a summary and discussion of future directions for self-expansion and relationship researchers.

  • Chapter 1 - Love as Expansion of the Self

  • Edited by Robert J. Sternberg, Cornell University, New York, Karin Sternberg, Cornell University, New York
  • Book:
    The New Psychology of Love
    Published online:
    03 December 2018
    Print publication:
    06 December 2018, pp 1-24

  • Summary

    The self-expansion model of love was developed in the 1980s (Aron & Aron, 1986; for a recent review, see Aron, Lewandowski, Mashek, & Aron, 2013). It emerged from an integration of two diverse worlds of knowledge. The first world of knowledge was relevant social-psychological theories of basic human motivation, and the little research that existed at the time on attraction and relationships. The second world of knowledge was from classical concepts of love.

  • 30 - Romantic Love

  • from Part VIII - Relational Quality
  • Edited by Anita L. Vangelisti, University of Texas, Austin, Daniel Perlman, University of North Carolina, Greensboro
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Personal Relationships
    Published online:
    11 June 2018
    Print publication:
    21 June 2018, pp 407-421

  • Summary

    Why do some relationships continue whereas others terminate? Relationship maintenance scholars have attempted to answer this question by focusing on defining and explaining key maintenance strategies that serve to initiate and preserve romantic relationships. In this chapter, we begin by providing a brief history of the definition of relationship maintenance. Then, we identify the processes by which romantic partners maintain their relationships and consider these processes in the individual, relational, social, and cultural contexts. We reflect on key theoretical contributions (e.g., social exchange, attachment, evolutionary theory) to the current understanding of relationship maintenance in addition to its known correlates. To conclude the chapter we highlight the implications of the existing body of research, identify possible avenues for future inquiry, and propose ways to integrate work across disciplines.

  • 4 - The self-expansion model and optimal relationship development

  • from Part I - Major theoretical perspectives
  • Edited by C. Raymond Knee, University of Houston, Harry T. Reis, University of Rochester, New York
  • Book:
    Positive Approaches to Optimal Relationship Development
    Published online:
    05 April 2016
    Print publication:
    08 April 2016, pp 79-100

  • Summary

    Romantic relationships are extremely important aspects of many peoples’ lives and strongly influence physical and psychological well-being. It is therefore essential to better understand ways to enhance and optimize relationships as they are formed and as they develop over time. In this chapter we focus on thinking and research from the self-expansion model and how its application could enhance relationships by helping couples transition from being dis-satisfied and bored with each other, to more satisfied and passionate with each other. We begin with a basic description of the model and a brief review of some fundamental supporting research including some recent new directions relevant to this chapter’s theme. We then proceed to sections that explore general implications of the model for relationships, specific ways that one can make use of such implications for optimizing self-expansion in relationships (notably shared novel and challenging activities). We then consider (for the first time) applied implications of a new research direction--how individual (non-relational) self-expansion can benefit relationship development. Finally, we conclude with some possible future directions.

  • 7 - Shared Participation in Self-Expanding Activities: Positive Effects on Experienced Marital Quality

  • Edited by Patricia Noller, University of Queensland, Judith A. Feeney, University of Queensland
  • Book:
    Understanding Marriage
    Published online:
    25 July 2009
    Print publication:
    26 September 2002, pp 177-194

  • Summary

    Uncertainty and mystery are energies of life. Don't let them scare you unduly, for they keep boredom at bay and spark creativity.

    —R. I. Fitzhenry

    The period when two people first fall in love often seems to be characterized by energized and intense emotions, preoccupation with each other and the relationship, and great optimism. Yet over time, as the partners get to know each other, there is a typical decline in this exhilaration, often even a sense of apathy and boredom, a reduced interest in each other and the relationship, and a less idealized vision of the future. Indeed, a typical decline in love and satisfaction after the initial relationship period is one of the most well-documented findings in the study of marriage in Western cultures (for example, Blood & Wolfe, 1960; Glenn, 1990; Locke & Wallace, 1959; Rollins & Feldman, 1970; Tucker & Aron, 1993).

    However, there is considerable variation in the rate of this decline (Tucker & Aron, 1993). One longitudinal study that followed newlyweds for four years found that as many as 10% showed an increase in marital quality over this period (Karney & Bradbury, 1997). In addition, studies of individuals who have been married 30 years or longer have found small but significant numbers who report high levels of passionate love (Traupmann & Hatfield, 1981; Tucker & Aron, 1993), including high scores on Hatfield and Sprecher's (1986) Passionate Love Scale with items such as “I would rather be with ___ than anyone else.”

  • The Nature of the Mother's Tie to Her Infant: Maternal Bonding under Conditions of Proximity, Separation, and Potential Loss

  • Ruth Feldman, Aron Weller, James F. Leckman, Jacob Kuint, Arthur I. Eidelman
  • Journal:
    The Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines / Volume 40 / Issue 6 / September 1999
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    01 September 1999, pp. 929-939
    Print publication:
    September 1999

  • Attachment has generally been examined from the infant's perspective. We focused on mothers' post-partum thoughts and behaviors. Guided by an ethological approach, maternal bonding was examined under conditions of proximity, separation, and potential loss. Ninety-one mothers were interviewed: mothers of full-term infants who maintained continuous proximity to the infant, mothers of healthy premature infants who were separated from the infant, and mothers of very low birthweight infants who experienced potential loss and prolonged separation. Mothers of term infants reported medium-to-high levels of preoccupations with thoughts of infant safety and well-being. Preoccupations increased with separation (Group 2) and significantly decreased with impending loss (Group 3). Attachment behaviors and representations were the highest among mothers of term infants and declined linearly with the duration of mother–infant separation. Maternal trait anxiety and depression were related respectively to higher levels of preoccupations and reduced attachment behaviors and representations, independent of the infant medical condition and mother–child separation. Discussion focused on the comparability of maternal and infant attachment in relation to the neurobiological system underlying bond formation.