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32 results

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  • Global Participatory Democracy through a UN World Citizens’ Initiative? Mapping the Theoretical and Institutional Terrain

  • Ben L. Murphy, James Organ
  • Journal:
    German Law Journal / Volume 24 / Issue 7 / November 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    03 November 2023, pp. 1079-1098
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  • The burgeoning literature on the democratic deficit of international organizations, and the United Nations in particular, has, for the most part, inherited a pervasive state-centrism commonly associated with conventional approaches to international law more generally. While this approach is understandable, it appears incompatible with a holistic account of democracy, especially accounts that seek to situate the locus of power within the individual. Drawing on attempts to empower individual citizens to influence global governance decision-making in other contexts—especially the experience of the European Citizens’ Initiative—this Article considers a bold idea: The establishment of a “World Citizens’ Initiative,” through which individuals could directly influence the agenda of the primary organs of the United Nations. This Article critically analyzes the legal feasibility of such an initiative and the challenges of implementation. In doing so, it offers both a theoretical and institutional contribution to the debate about the normative case for the democratization of global governance through effective citizen participation.

  • A scoping review of factors potentially linked with antimicrobial-resistant bacteria from turkeys (iAM.AMR Project)

  • Charly Phillips, Brennan Chapman, Agnes Agunos, Carolee A. Carson, E. Jane Parmley, Richard J. Reid-Smith, Ben A. Smith, Colleen P. Murphy
  • Journal:
    Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 150 / 2022
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    18 July 2022, e153
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  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a complex problem that is a threat to global public health. Consumption of turkey meat may be an important source of foodborne exposure to resistant bacteria; recent outbreaks of multi-drug-resistant Salmonella Reading in Canada and the USA have implicated raw turkey products. To better understand the epidemiology of AMR in farmed turkey production, a scoping review was conducted. The objectives were to identify (1) modifiable factors potentially associated with antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter, Enterococcus, Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica along the farm-to-fork pathway in turkeys, and (2) data gaps with respect to factors potentially associated with AMR and Canadian commercial turkey production. A comprehensive search of the peer-reviewed literature was conducted in 2019 and updated in 2021. Thirteen references were included, reporting 36 factors. Antimicrobial use factors and their potential associations with AMR were most frequently reported (n = 15 factors; 42%), followed by biosecurity (n = 11; 31%) and management practices (n = 10; 28%). This review revealed important data gaps; no factors pertaining to S. enterica or to stages other than the farm (e.g. abattoir, retail) were identified, and only one Canadian reference was identified. These findings will inform priorities for future research and surveillance regarding turkeys and AMR.

Criminal Law Perspectives
  • From Principles to Practice
  • John Anderson, Brendon Murphy, Ben Livings, Wendy Kukulies-Smith, Natalia Antolak-Saper, Shireen Daft
  • Published online:
    19 February 2021
    Print publication:
    03 December 2020
  • Criminal Law Perspectives: From Principles to Practice is an engaging introduction to the criminal law in New South Wales, Victoria, the Australian Capital Territory and the Commonwealth Criminal Code. It takes a comparative approach to the law in these jurisdictions, focusing on prevalent summary offences, substantive federal offences and criminal procedure. Complex concepts are explained and contextualised by linking them to practical applications. Each chapter is supported by tools for self-assessment: review questions; case boxes summarising and extracting key historical and contemporary cases; and longer, narrative end-of-chapter problems that promote student engagement and help students develop problem-solving skills and independent thinking. Criminal Law Perspectives explores the development of criminal law principles in Australia, and provides a comprehensive and accessible overview of criminal law for students studying in the area for the first time.

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