Derivatives of velocity and temperature in the wind over the ocean were found to be quite variable. Probability distribution functions of squared derivatives were consistent with lognormality predictions by Kolmogoroff, Obukhoff and Yaglom. Kurtosis values for velocity derivatives ranged from 13 to 26 and from 26 to 43 for temperature derivatives. Universal inertial subrange constants were evaluated from dissipation spectra and were found to be 40 to 300% larger than most values reported previously. Evidence for local anisotropy of the temperature field is provided by non-zero values of the measured derivative skewness.

Nutrigenomics is the study of how constituents of the diet interact with genes, and their products, to alter phenotype and, conversely, how genes and their products metabolise these constituents into nutrients, antinutrients, and bioactive compounds. Results from molecular and genetic epidemiological studies indicate that dietary unbalance can alter gene–nutrient interactions in ways that increase the risk of developing chronic disease. The interplay of human genetic variation and environmental factors will make identifying causative genes and nutrients a formidable, but not intractable, challenge. We provide specific recommendations for how to best meet this challenge and discuss the need for new methodologies and the use of comprehensive analyses of nutrient–genotype interactions involving large and diverse populations. The objective of the present paper is to stimulate discourse and collaboration among nutrigenomic researchers and stakeholders, a process that will lead to an increase in global health and wellness by reducing health disparities in developed and developing countries.