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Strategies to promote language inclusion at 17 CTSA hubs
- Linda Sprague Martinez, Cristina Araujo Brinkerhoff, Riana C. Howard, James A. Feldman, Erin Kobetz, J. Tommy White, Laurene Tumiel Berhalter, Alicia Bilheimer, Megan Hoffman, Carmen R. Isasi, Cynthia Killough, Julia Martinez, Johanna Chesley, Arshiya A. Baig, Capri Foy, Nadia Islam, Antonia Petruse, Carolina Rosales, Michele D. Kipke, Lourdes Baezconde-Garbanati, Tracy A. Battaglia, Rebecca Lobb
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- Journal:
- Journal of Clinical and Translational Science / Accepted manuscript
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 25 March 2024, pp. 1-29
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66 An Exploratory Analysis of the Moderating Effect of Internalizing Symptoms on Memory Performance Following COVID-19 Infection.
- Samantha J Feldman, Katie C Benitah, Theone SE Paterson, Kristina M Gicas
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- Journal:
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 29 / Issue s1 / November 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 December 2023, pp. 61-62
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Objective:
Cognitive difficulties are amongst the most frequently reported sequelae following COVID-19 infection, even in those experiencing mild to moderate illness (Matos et al., 2021). Recent research has identified patterns of diminished cognitive performance on tests of memory and executive functioning in COVID-19 cases; however, the etiology of neurocognitive difficulties remains unclear (Delgado-Alonso et al., 2022). Emerging evidence has identified moderate associations between decreased performance on neuropsychological tests of memory and elevated anxiety and depression symptom reporting in COVID-19 patients. Similar associations are well-established in the literature in persons with anxiety and depression disorders, warranting further investigation as to whether mental health variables such as internalizing symptom severity may moderate the association between COVID-19 illness and cognitive difficulties. This study examined how internalizing symptoms as indexed by depression and anxiety symptom scales may differentially influence performance on neuropsychological tests of memory between persons who have and have not had COVID-19.
Participants and Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 104 adults aged 19-80, were recruited in Ontario and British Columbia, Canada; 84 adults met inclusion criteria and participated in neuropsychological testing. There were 40 participants who tested positive for COVID-19 infection (N=44 with no suspected exposures or confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19). Participants had no history of dementia, mild cognitive impairment, or other known neurological disorder. Anxiety and depression symptoms were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) via self-report on Qualtrics. Memory encoding and delayed recognition performance were assessed using the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test Revised (HVLT-R) and the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery Shape Learning subtest (NAB-SL). To test for potential moderating effects of anxiety and depression symptoms on the association between COVID-19 infection status and memory performance, a series of multiple linear regressions were conducted. Age and sex were included as covariates in all analyses.
Results:Moderation analyses revealed that the interaction between COVID-19 infection and anxiety symptoms accounted for a significant portion of variance in both HVLT-R recognition (B= -0.78, SE= 0.34, p<0.05) and NAB-SL delayed recognition scores (B= -0.83, SE= 0.35, p<0.05). Simple slopes analyses revealed that among participants who tested positive for COVID-19 infection, higher GAD-7 scores were associated with lower verbal and visual recognition scores. A similar interaction was observed between COVID-19 and depressive symptoms in accounting for variance in NAB-SL delayed recognition scores, however, for that model the threshold of p=0.05 was not met in our small sample (p=0.07).
Conclusions:Findings demonstrate that anxiety symptom severity had a moderating effect on the impact of COVID-19 on delayed retrieval of verbal and visual information from memory. Future work in a larger sample is needed to further elucidate the potential moderating role of depression on memory in COVID-19 positive persons, as the current work suggests that depression symptoms could have a similar impact as anxiety. Further identifying the relationships between key modifiable psychological factors such as anxiety and memory following COVID-19 infection will provide insight into potential interventions to minimize the negative effects of internalizing symptoms on long-term cognitive outcomes.
52 Depressive Symptoms and Subjective Cognitive Decline in Individuals with COVID-19
- Eva Friedman, Petra Legaspi, Katie C Benitah, Samantha J Feldman, Theone S. E. Paterson, Kristina M Gicas
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- Journal:
- Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society / Volume 29 / Issue s1 / November 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 21 December 2023, pp. 49-50
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Objective:
Many individuals with COVID-19 develop mild to moderate physical symptoms that can last days to months. In addition to physical symptoms, individuals with COVID-19 have reported depressive symptoms and cognitive decline, posing a long-term threat to mental health and functional outcomes. Few studies have examined the presence of co-occurring depression and subjective cognitive decline in individuals who tested positive for COVID-19. The current study examined whether having COVID-19 is subsequently associated with greater depressive symptoms and subjective cognitive decline when compared to healthy individuals. Our study also examined differential associations between symptoms of depression and subjective cognitive decline between individuals who have and have never had COVID-19.
Participants and Methods:Adults (N = 104; mean age = 37 years, 69% female) were recruited online from Ontario and British Columbia, Canada. Participants were categorized into two groups: (1) persons who tested positive for COVID-19 at least three months prior, had been symptomatic, and had not been ventilated (N = 50); and (2) persons who have never been suspected of having COVID-19 (N = 54). The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Subjective Cognitive Decline Questionnaire (SCD-Q) were administered to both groups as part of a larger clinical neuropsychological evaluation. Two separate linear regression analyses were conducted to examine the association of COVID-19 with depressive symptoms and subjective cognitive decline. A moderation analysis was performed to examine whether depressive symptoms were associated with subjective cognitive decline and the extent to which this differed by group (COVID-19 and controls). Participants’ age, self-reported sex, and history of depression were included as covariates.
Results:The first regression model explained 17.2% of the variance in CES-D scores. It was found that the COVID-19 group had significantly higher CES-D scores (ß = .20, p = .03). The second regression model explained 35.9% of the variance in SCD-Q scores. Similar to the previous model, it was found that the COVID-19 group had significantly higher SCD-Q scores compared to healthy controls (ß = .22 p = .01). Lastly, the moderation model indicated that higher CES-D scores were associated with higher SCD-Q scores (ß = .43, p < .01), but there was no statistically significant group X CES-D score interaction.
Conclusions:These findings suggest that individuals who previously experienced a mild to moderate symptomatic COVID-19 infection report greater depressive symptom severity as well as greater subjective cognitive decline. Additionally, while more severe depressive symptoms predicted greater subjective cognitive decline in our sample, the magnitude of this association did not vary between those with and without a previous COVID-19 infection. While the underlying neurobiological and social mechanisms of cognitive difficulties and depressive symptoms in persons who have had COVID-19 have yet to be fully elucidated, our findings highlight treatment for depression and cognitive rehabilitation as potentially useful intervention targets for the post COVID-19 condition.
P.006 Alzheimer’s disease CSF biomarker testing and its impacts on clinical management: findings from the IMPACT-AD BC study
- KJ Patel, JR Best, D Yang, C Chambers, PE Lee, A Henri-Bhargava, CR Funnell, DJ Foti, HH Feldman, JA Pettersen, HB Nygaard, GR Hsiung, ML DeMarco
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- Journal:
- Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Volume 50 / Issue s2 / June 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 June 2023, pp. S58-S59
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Background: Within the IMPACT-AD BC study, we sought to address the gap in knowledge around how the use of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) CSF biomarker testing impacts clinical management. Methods: IMPACT-AD BC (NCT05002699, impactAD.org) is an observational, longitudinal study examining the role of AD CSF biomarker testing (i.e., amyloid-beta and tau proteoforms) in medical and personal decision-making, and health economics. For medical decision-making, physicians completed surveys on patient management plans before and after receiving the biomarker findings. Overall change in management was assessed as a composite measure of changes in the use of: (i) AD symptomatic medications, (ii) other dementia-relevant medications, (iii) diagnostic procedures, and (iv) referrals or counselling. Results: Of the 142 participants, 66% were determined to have CSF biomarker profiles on the AD continuum. Overall change in management was observed in 89% of patients, with the greatest changes by category being: diagnostic procedures > referrals and counselling > AD symptomatic medications > other dementia-relevant medications. Conclusions: The use of AD CSF biomarker testing increases diagnostic confidence and aids in medical decision-making. Notably, the addition of biomarker testing leads to a reduction in the use of other diagnostic procedures, helps optimize pharmacotherapy and results in increased physician-patient/family member counselling.
Developmental care pathway for hospitalised infants with CHD: on behalf of the Cardiac Newborn Neuroprotective Network, a Special Interest Group of the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative
- Amy J. Lisanti, Dorothy J. Vittner, Jennifer Peterson, Andrew H. Van Bergen, Thomas A. Miller, Erin E. Gordon, Karli A. Negrin, Hema Desai, Suzie Willette, Melissa B. Jones, Sherrill D. Caprarola, Anna J. Jones, Stephanie M. Helman, Jodi Smith, Corinne M. Anton, Laurel M. Bear, Lauren Malik, Sarah K. Russell, Dana J. Mieczkowski, Bridy O. Hamilton, Meghan McCoy, Yvette Feldman, Michelle Steltzer, Melanie L. Savoca, Diane L. Spatz, Samantha C. Butler
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- Journal:
- Cardiology in the Young / Volume 33 / Issue 12 / December 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 30 March 2023, pp. 2521-2538
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Infants and children born with CHD are at significant risk for neurodevelopmental delays and abnormalities. Individualised developmental care is widely recognised as best practice to support early neurodevelopment for medically fragile infants born premature or requiring surgical intervention after birth. However, wide variability in clinical practice is consistently demonstrated in units caring for infants with CHD. The Cardiac Newborn Neuroprotective Network, a Special Interest Group of the Cardiac Neurodevelopmental Outcome Collaborative, formed a working group of experts to create an evidence-based developmental care pathway to guide clinical practice in hospital settings caring for infants with CHD. The clinical pathway, “Developmental Care Pathway for Hospitalized Infants with Congenital Heart Disease,” includes recommendations for standardised developmental assessment, parent mental health screening, and the implementation of a daily developmental care bundle, which incorporates individualised assessments and interventions tailored to meet the needs of this unique infant population and their families. Hospitals caring for infants with CHD are encouraged to adopt this developmental care pathway and track metrics and outcomes using a quality improvement framework.
Identifying significant correlates of purpose in life in older US military veterans: results from the national health and resilience in veterans study
- Ian C. Fischer, David B. Feldman, Jack Tsai, Ilan Harpaz-Rotem, Katherine A. Lucas, Stefan E. Schulenberg, Robert H. Pietrzak
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- Journal:
- International Psychogeriatrics / Volume 35 / Issue 10 / October 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 30 January 2023, pp. 560-565
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Objective:
Perceived purpose in life (PIL) has been linked to a broad range of adverse physical, mental, and cognitive outcomes. However, limited research has examined factors associated with PIL that can be targeted in prevention and treatment efforts in aging populations at heightened risk of adverse outcomes. Using data from predominantly older US veterans, we sought to identify important correlates of PIL.
Methods:Cross-sectional data were analyzed from the 2019–2020 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, which surveyed a nationally representative sample of 4069 US military veterans (Mage = 62.2). Elastic net and relative importance analyses were conducted to evaluate sociodemographic, military, health, and psychosocial variables that were strongly associated with PIL.
Results:Of the 39 variables entered into an elastic net analysis, 10 were identified as significant correlates of PIL. In order of magnitude, these were resilience (18.7% relative variance explained [RVE]), optimism (12.1%), depressive symptoms (11.3%), community integration (10.7%), gratitude (10.2%), loneliness (9.8%), received social support (8.6%), conscientiousness (8.5%), openness to experience (5.4%), and intrinsic religiosity (4.7%).
Conclusions:Several modifiable psychosocial factors emerged as significant correlates of PIL in US military veterans. Interventions designed to target these factors may help increase PIL and mitigate risk for adverse health outcomes in this population.
Developing an adolescent and adult Fontan Management Programme
- Part of
- Adam M. Lubert, Tarek Alsaied, Andrew T. Trout, Jonathan R. Dillman, Joseph J. Palermo, Felicia Eichelbrenner, Kelly Kleier, Angela Lorts, Nadeem Anwar, Marc G. Schecter, Gregory M. Tiao, Clifford Chin, David S. Feldman, Meredith Jenkins, David LS Morales, Alexander R. Opotowsky, John C. Bucuvalas, Gruschen R. Veldtman, Stuart L. Goldstein
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- Journal:
- Cardiology in the Young / Volume 32 / Issue 2 / February 2022
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 May 2021, pp. 230-235
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Patients with single-ventricle CHD undergo a series of palliative surgeries that culminate in the Fontan procedure. While the Fontan procedure allows most patients to survive to adulthood, the Fontan circulation can eventually lead to multiple cardiac complications and multi-organ dysfunction. Care for adolescents and adults with a Fontan circulation has begun to transition from a primarily cardiac-focused model to care models, which are designed to monitor multiple organ systems, and using clues from this screening, identify patients who are at risk for adverse outcomes. The complexity of care required for these patients led our centre to develop a multidisciplinary Fontan Management Programme with the primary goals of earlier detection and treatment of complications through the development of a cohesive network of diverse medical subspecialists with Fontan expertise.
The Comprehensive Assessment of Neurodegeneration and Dementia: Canadian Cohort Study
- Howard Chertkow, Michael Borrie, Victor Whitehead, Sandra E. Black, Howard H. Feldman, Serge Gauthier, David B. Hogan, Mario Masellis, Katherine McGilton, Kenneth Rockwood, Mary C. Tierney, Melissa Andrew, Ging-Yuek R. Hsiung, Richard Camicioli, Eric E. Smith, Jennifer Fogarty, Joseph Lindsay, Sarah Best, Alan Evans, Samir Das, Zia Mohaddes, Randi Pilon, Judes Poirier, Natalie A. Phillips, Elizabeth MacNamara, Roger A. Dixon, Simon Duchesne, Ian MacKenzie, R. Jane Rylett
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- Journal:
- Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Volume 46 / Issue 5 / September 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 16 July 2019, pp. 499-511
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Background:
The Comprehensive Assessment of Neurodegeneration and Dementia (COMPASS-ND) cohort study of the Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging (CCNA) is a national initiative to catalyze research on dementia, set up to support the research agendas of CCNA teams. This cross-country longitudinal cohort of 2310 deeply phenotyped subjects with various forms of dementia and mild memory loss or concerns, along with cognitively intact elderly subjects, will test hypotheses generated by these teams.
Methods:The COMPASS-ND protocol, initial grant proposal for funding, fifth semi-annual CCNA Progress Report submitted to the Canadian Institutes of Health Research December 2017, and other documents supplemented by modifications made and lessons learned after implementation were used by the authors to create the description of the study provided here.
Results:The CCNA COMPASS-ND cohort includes participants from across Canada with various cognitive conditions associated with or at risk of neurodegenerative diseases. They will undergo a wide range of experimental, clinical, imaging, and genetic investigation to specifically address the causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of these conditions in the aging population. Data derived from clinical and cognitive assessments, biospecimens, brain imaging, genetics, and brain donations will be used to test hypotheses generated by CCNA research teams and other Canadian researchers. The study is the most comprehensive and ambitious Canadian study of dementia. Initial data posting occurred in 2018, with the full cohort to be accrued by 2020.
Conclusion:Availability of data from the COMPASS-ND study will provide a major stimulus for dementia research in Canada in the coming years.
13 - Mercury’s Polar Deposits
- Edited by Sean C. Solomon, Larry R. Nittler, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Washington DC, Brian J. Anderson
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- Mercury
- Published online:
- 10 December 2018
- Print publication:
- 20 December 2018, pp 346-370
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Summary
Two and a half decades ago, the discovery of Mercury’s polar deposits from Earth-based radar observations provided the first tantalizing, but limited, evidence for the possibility of water ice on the solar system’s innermost planet. Identifying the materials in Mercury’s polar deposits was one of the six major science questions that originally motivated the MESSENGER mission. In the course of the mission’s more than four Earth years of operations in orbit about Mercury, MESSENGER produced multiple datasets to investigate Mercury’s polar deposits: determinations of regions of permanent shadow, neutron spectrometer observations, laser altimeter reflectance measurements, thermal model results, and direct images of the deposits. These datasets provided compelling evidence that in addition to substantial amounts of water ice stored in Mercury’s polar deposits, there are also other volatile materials, postulated to be dark, organic-rich compounds that bury the water ice deposits. This chapter reviews MESSENGER’s investigations of Mercury’s polar deposits and discusses the resulting implications for the origin and evolution of Mercury’s polar water ice.
Arsenic hazard in shallow Cambodian groundwaters
- D. A. Polya, A. G. Gault, N. Diebe, P. Feldman, J. W. Rosenboom, E. Gilligan, D. Fredericks, A. H. Milton, M. Sampson, H. A. L. Rowland, P. R. Lythgoe, J. C. Jones, C. Middleton, D. A. Cooke
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- Mineralogical Magazine / Volume 69 / Issue 5 / October 2005
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 July 2018, pp. 807-823
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Our recent discovery of hazardous concentrations of arsenic in shallow sedimentary aquifers in Cambodia raises the spectre of future deleterious health impacts on a population that, particularly in non-urban areas, extensively use untreated groundwater as a source of drinking water and, in some instances, as irrigation water. We present here small-scale hazard maps for arsenic in shallow Cambodian groundwaters based on >1000 groundwater samples analysed in the Manchester Analytical Geochemistry Unit and elsewhere. Key indicators for hazardous concentrations of arsenic in Cambodian groundwaters include: (1) well depths greater than 16 m; (2) Holocene host sediments; and (3) proximity to major modern channels of the Mekong (and its distributary the Bassac). However, high-arsenic well waters are also commonly found in wells not exhibiting these key characteristics, notably in some shallower Holocene wells, and in wells drilled into older Quaternary and Neogene sediments.
It is emphasized that the maps and tables presented are most useful for identifying current regional trends in groundwater arsenic hazard and that their use for predicting arsenic concentrations in individual wells, for example for the purposes of well switching, is not recommended, particularly because of the lack of sufficient data (especially at depths >80 m) and because, as in Bangladesh and West Bengal, there is considerable heterogeneity of groundwater arsenic concentrations on a scale of metres to hundreds of metres. We have insufficient data at this time to determine unequivocally whether or not arsenic concentrations are increasing in shallow Cambodian groundwaters as a result of groundwater-abstraction activities.
Ecological and Control Studies of Musk Thistle
- Israel Feldman, M. K. McCarty, C. J. Scifres
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- Weed Science / Volume 16 / Issue 1 / January 1968
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 12 June 2017, pp. 1-4
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Herbicides applied April 30, May 10, or October 14 gave best control of musk thistle (Carduus nutans L.). The most effective herbicide at all dates and rates was 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram). Two lb/A of 2-methoxy-3,6-dichlorobenzoic acid (dicamba) also was effective at all spring dates. Two lb/A of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) resulted in excellent control of musk thistle when applied May 10 or October 14.
More musk thistle seedlings became established in nongrazed, cool season grass pastures than in nongrazed, mixed warm season grass pastures. Greater germination was attributed to the reserve moisture and accumulation of litter which served as an excellent germination medium. However, only one musk thistle plant remained in the nongrazed pastures 1 year after seeding. The remainder of the seedlings and young rosettes found in the protected areas in 1965 had succumbed to the heavy competition by 1966.
LO67: The impact of CPR quality during entire resuscitation episode on survival from cardiac arrest
- I. Drennan, A.K. Taher, S. Cheskes, C. Zhan, A. Byers, M. Feldman, P. Dorian, L.J. Morrison, S. Lin
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- Journal:
- Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine / Volume 19 / Issue S1 / May 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 15 May 2017, p. S51
- Print publication:
- May 2017
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Introduction: High-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is essential for patient survival. Typically, CPR quality is only measured during the first 10 minutes of resuscitation. There is limited research examining the quality of CPR over the entire duration of resuscitation.Objective: To examine the quality of CPR over the entire duration of resuscitation and correlate the quality of CPR to patient survival. Methods: This was a retrospective observational study using data from the Toronto RescuNET Epistry-Cardiac Arrest database. We included consecutive, adult (>18) OHCA treated by EMS between January 1, 2014 and September 30, 2015. High-quality CPR was defined, in accordance with 2015 AHA Guidelines, as a chest compression rate of 100-120/min, depth of 5.0-6.0 cm and chest compression fraction (ccf) of >0.80. We further categorized high-quality resuscitation as meeting benchmarks >80% of the time, moderate-quality between 50-80% and low-quality meeting benchmarks <50% of the resuscitation. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine association between variables of interest, including CPR quality metrics, and survival to hospital discharge. Results: A total of 5,208 OHCA met our inclusion criteria with a survival rate of 8%. The median (IQR) duration of resuscitation was 23.0 min (15.0,32.7). Overall CPR quality was considered high-quality for ccf in 81% of resuscitation episodes, 41% for rate, and 7% for depth. The percentage of resuscitations meeting the quality benchmarks differed between survivors and non-survivors for both depth (15% vs 6%) and ccf (61% vs 83%) (P value <0.001). After controlling for Utstein variables maintaining a chest compression depth within recommendations for >80% showed a trend towards improved survival (OR 1.68, 95% CI 0.96, 2.92). Other variables associated with survival were public location, initial CPR by EMS providers or bystanders, witnessed cardiac arrest (EMS or bystander), and initial shockable rhythm. Increasing age and longer duration of resuscitation were associated with decreased survival. Conclusion: Overall, EMS providers were not able to maintain rate or depth within guideline recommendations for the majority of the duration of resuscitation. Maintaining chest compression depth for greater than 80% of the resuscitation showed a trend towards increased survival from OHCA.
On the neural implausibility of the modular mind: Evidence for distributed construction dissolves boundaries between perception, cognition, and emotion
- Leor M. Hackel, Grace M. Larson, Jeffrey D. Bowen, Gaven A. Ehrlich, Thomas C. Mann, Brianna Middlewood, Ian D. Roberts, Julie Eyink, Janell C. Fetterolf, Fausto Gonzalez, Carlos O. Garrido, Jinhyung Kim, Thomas C. O'Brien, Ellen E. O'Malley, Batja Mesquita, Lisa Feldman Barrett
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- Journal:
- Behavioral and Brain Sciences / Volume 39 / 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 January 2017, e246
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Firestone & Scholl (F&S) rely on three problematic assumptions about the mind (modularity, reflexiveness, and context-insensitivity) to argue cognition does not fundamentally influence perception. We highlight evidence indicating that perception, cognition, and emotion are constructed through overlapping, distributed brain networks characterized by top-down activity and context-sensitivity. This evidence undermines F&S's ability to generalize from case studies to the nature of perception.
Perception, as you make it
- David W. Vinson, Drew H. Abney, Dima Amso, Anthony Chemero, James E. Cutting, Rick Dale, Jonathan B. Freeman, Laurie B. Feldman, Karl J. Friston, Shaun Gallagher, J. Scott Jordan, Liad Mudrik, Sasha Ondobaka, Daniel C. Richardson, Ladan Shams, Maggie Shiffrar, Michael J. Spivey
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- Journal:
- Behavioral and Brain Sciences / Volume 39 / 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 05 January 2017, e260
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The main question that Firestone & Scholl (F&S) pose is whether “what and how we see is functionally independent from what and how we think, know, desire, act, and so forth” (sect. 2, para. 1). We synthesize a collection of concerns from an interdisciplinary set of coauthors regarding F&S's assumptions and appeals to intuition, resulting in their treatment of visual perception as context-free.
What defines mindfulness-based programs? The warp and the weft
- R. S. Crane, J. Brewer, C. Feldman, J. Kabat-Zinn, S. Santorelli, J. M. G. Williams, W. Kuyken
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- Journal:
- Psychological Medicine / Volume 47 / Issue 6 / April 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 29 December 2016, pp. 990-999
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There has been an explosion of interest in mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy. This is demonstrated in increased research, implementation of MBPs in healthcare, educational, criminal justice and workplace settings, and in mainstream interest. For the sustainable development of the field there is a need to articulate a definition of what an MBP is and what it is not. This paper provides a framework to define the essential characteristics of the family of MBPs originating from the parent program MBSR, and the processes which inform adaptations of MBPs for different populations or contexts. The framework addresses the essential characteristics of the program and of teacher. MBPs: are informed by theories and practices that draw from a confluence of contemplative traditions, science, and the major disciplines of medicine, psychology and education; underpinned by a model of human experience which addresses the causes of human distress and the pathways to relieving it; develop a new relationship with experience characterized by present moment focus, decentering and an approach orientation; catalyze the development of qualities such as joy, compassion, wisdom, equanimity and greater attentional, emotional and behavioral self-regulation, and engage participants in a sustained intensive training in mindfulness meditation practice, in an experiential inquiry-based learning process and in exercises to develop understanding. The paper's aim is to support clarity, which will in turn support the systematic development of MBP research, and the integrity of the field during the process of implementation in the mainstream.
Contributors
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- By Mitchell Aboulafia, Frederick Adams, Marilyn McCord Adams, Robert M. Adams, Laird Addis, James W. Allard, David Allison, William P. Alston, Karl Ameriks, C. Anthony Anderson, David Leech Anderson, Lanier Anderson, Roger Ariew, David Armstrong, Denis G. Arnold, E. J. Ashworth, Margaret Atherton, Robin Attfield, Bruce Aune, Edward Wilson Averill, Jody Azzouni, Kent Bach, Andrew Bailey, Lynne Rudder Baker, Thomas R. Baldwin, Jon Barwise, George Bealer, William Bechtel, Lawrence C. Becker, Mark A. Bedau, Ernst Behler, José A. Benardete, Ermanno Bencivenga, Jan Berg, Michael Bergmann, Robert L. Bernasconi, Sven Bernecker, Bernard Berofsky, Rod Bertolet, Charles J. Beyer, Christian Beyer, Joseph Bien, Joseph Bien, Peg Birmingham, Ivan Boh, James Bohman, Daniel Bonevac, Laurence BonJour, William J. Bouwsma, Raymond D. Bradley, Myles Brand, Richard B. Brandt, Michael E. Bratman, Stephen E. Braude, Daniel Breazeale, Angela Breitenbach, Jason Bridges, David O. Brink, Gordon G. Brittan, Justin Broackes, Dan W. Brock, Aaron Bronfman, Jeffrey E. Brower, Bartosz Brozek, Anthony Brueckner, Jeffrey Bub, Lara Buchak, Otavio Bueno, Ann E. Bumpus, Robert W. Burch, John Burgess, Arthur W. Burks, Panayot Butchvarov, Robert E. Butts, Marina Bykova, Patrick Byrne, David Carr, Noël Carroll, Edward S. Casey, Victor Caston, Victor Caston, Albert Casullo, Robert L. Causey, Alan K. L. Chan, Ruth Chang, Deen K. Chatterjee, Andrew Chignell, Roderick M. Chisholm, Kelly J. Clark, E. J. Coffman, Robin Collins, Brian P. Copenhaver, John Corcoran, John Cottingham, Roger Crisp, Frederick J. Crosson, Antonio S. Cua, Phillip D. Cummins, Martin Curd, Adam Cureton, Andrew Cutrofello, Stephen Darwall, Paul Sheldon Davies, Wayne A. Davis, Timothy Joseph Day, Claudio de Almeida, Mario De Caro, Mario De Caro, John Deigh, C. F. Delaney, Daniel C. Dennett, Michael R. DePaul, Michael Detlefsen, Daniel Trent Devereux, Philip E. Devine, John M. Dillon, Martin C. Dillon, Robert DiSalle, Mary Domski, Alan Donagan, Paul Draper, Fred Dretske, Mircea Dumitru, Wilhelm Dupré, Gerald Dworkin, John Earman, Ellery Eells, Catherine Z. Elgin, Berent Enç, Ronald P. Endicott, Edward Erwin, John Etchemendy, C. Stephen Evans, Susan L. Feagin, Solomon Feferman, Richard Feldman, Arthur Fine, Maurice A. Finocchiaro, William FitzPatrick, Richard E. Flathman, Gvozden Flego, Richard Foley, Graeme Forbes, Rainer Forst, Malcolm R. Forster, Daniel Fouke, Patrick Francken, Samuel Freeman, Elizabeth Fricker, Miranda Fricker, Michael Friedman, Michael Fuerstein, Richard A. Fumerton, Alan Gabbey, Pieranna Garavaso, Daniel Garber, Jorge L. A. Garcia, Robert K. Garcia, Don Garrett, Philip Gasper, Gerald Gaus, Berys Gaut, Bernard Gert, Roger F. Gibson, Cody Gilmore, Carl Ginet, Alan H. Goldman, Alvin I. Goldman, Alfonso Gömez-Lobo, Lenn E. Goodman, Robert M. Gordon, Stefan Gosepath, Jorge J. E. Gracia, Daniel W. Graham, George A. Graham, Peter J. Graham, Richard E. Grandy, I. Grattan-Guinness, John Greco, Philip T. Grier, Nicholas Griffin, Nicholas Griffin, David A. Griffiths, Paul J. Griffiths, Stephen R. Grimm, Charles L. Griswold, Charles B. Guignon, Pete A. Y. Gunter, Dimitri Gutas, Gary Gutting, Paul Guyer, Kwame Gyekye, Oscar A. Haac, Raul Hakli, Raul Hakli, Michael Hallett, Edward C. Halper, Jean Hampton, R. James Hankinson, K. R. Hanley, Russell Hardin, Robert M. Harnish, William Harper, David Harrah, Kevin Hart, Ali Hasan, William Hasker, John Haugeland, Roger Hausheer, William Heald, Peter Heath, Richard Heck, John F. Heil, Vincent F. Hendricks, Stephen Hetherington, Francis Heylighen, Kathleen Marie Higgins, Risto Hilpinen, Harold T. Hodes, Joshua Hoffman, Alan Holland, Robert L. Holmes, Richard Holton, Brad W. Hooker, Terence E. Horgan, Tamara Horowitz, Paul Horwich, Vittorio Hösle, Paul Hoβfeld, Daniel Howard-Snyder, Frances Howard-Snyder, Anne Hudson, Deal W. Hudson, Carl A. Huffman, David L. 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Wolterstorff, Rega Wood, W. Jay Wood, Paul Woodruff, Alison Wylie, Gideon Yaffe, Takashi Yagisawa, Yutaka Yamamoto, Keith E. Yandell, Xiaomei Yang, Dean Zimmerman, Günter Zoller, Catherine Zuckert, Michael Zuckert, Jack A. Zupko (J.A.Z.)
- Edited by Robert Audi, University of Notre Dame, Indiana
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy
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- 05 August 2015
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- 27 April 2015, pp ix-xxx
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Contributors
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- By Christoph Bachhuber, Maria Carme Belarte, Anna Maria Bietti Sestieri, Emma Blake, Helena Bonet-Rosado, Shlomo Bunimovitz, Despina Catapoti, John F. Cherry, Derek B. Counts, Mariassunta Cuozzo, Marian H. Feldman, Kevin D. Fisher, Lin Foxhall, Michael L. Galaty, Raphael Greenberg, Alessandro Guidi, Yannis Hamilakis, Ömür Harmanşah, Tamar Hodos, Sarah Janes, Morag M. Kersel, Carl Knappett, Zvi Lederman, Thomas P. Leppard, Katina T. Lillios, Consuelo Mata-Parreño, Sandra Montón Subías, Irene Nikolakopoulou, Massimo Osanna, Giulio Palumbi, John K. Papadopoulos, William A. Parkinson, Mieke Prent, Damià Ramis, Corinna Riva, R. Gareth Roberts, Alonso Rodríguez Díaz, Marisa Ruiz-Gálvez, Joan Sanmartí, Davide Tanasi, Helena Tomas, Carlo Tronchetti, Nicholas C. Vella, Jaime Vives-Ferrándiz Sánchez, Jennifer M. Webb, Yuval Yekutieli
- Edited by A. Bernard Knapp, University of Glasgow, Peter van Dommelen, Brown University, Rhode Island
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- The Cambridge Prehistory of the Bronze and Iron Age Mediterranean
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- 18 December 2014
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- 12 January 2015, pp xiii-xvi
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A Labor Economic Perspective on Overqualification
- Daniel C. Feldman, Douglas C. Maynard
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- Industrial and Organizational Psychology / Volume 4 / Issue 2 / June 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 07 January 2015, pp. 233-235
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The Recognition, Assessment and Management of Dementing Disorders: Conclusions from the Canadian Consensus Conference on Dementia
- C. Patterson, A. Grek, S. Gauthier, H. Bergman, C. Cohen, J.W. Feightner, H. Feldman, D.B. Hogan
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- Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Volume 28 / Issue S1 / May 2001
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 02 December 2014, pp. S3-S16
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Objective:
i) To develop evidence based consensus statements on which to build clinical practice guidelines for primary care physicians towards the recognition, assessment and management of dementing disorders; ii) to disseminate and evaluate the impact of these statements and guidelines built on these statements.
Options:Structured approach to assessment, including recommended laboratory tests, choices for neuroimaging and referral; management of complications (especially behaviour problems and depression) and use of cognitive enhancing agents.
Potential outcomes:Consistent and improved clinical care of persons with dementia; cost containment by more selective use of laboratory investigations, neuroimaging and referrals; appropriate use of cognitive enhancing agents.
Evidence:Authors of each background paper were entrusted to: perform a literature search, discover additional relevant material including references cited in retrieved articles; consult with other experts in the field and then synthesize information. Standard rules of evidence were applied. Based upon this evidence, consensus statements were developed by a group of experts, guided by a steering committee of eight individuals from the areas of Neurology, Geriatric Medicine, Psychiatry, Family Medicine, Preventive Health Care and Health Care Systems.
Values:Recommendations have been developed with particular attention to the context of primary care and are intended to support family physicians in their ongoing assessment and care of patients with dementia.
Benefits, harms and costs:Potential for improved clinical care of individuals with dementia. A dissemination and evaluation strategy will attempt to measure the impact of the recommendations.
Recommendations:See text.
Validation:Four other sets of consensus statements and/or guidelines have been published recently. These recommendations are generally congruent with our own consensus statements. The consensus statements have been endorsed by relevant bodies in Canada.
Sponsors:Funding was provided by equal contributions from seven pharmaceutical companies and by a grant from the Consortium of Canadian Centres for Clinical Cognitive Research (C5R). Contributions were received from two Canadian universities (McGill, McMaster). Several societies supported delegates to the conference.
ON GENERALISED PRONORMAL SUBGROUPS OF FINITE GROUPS
- A. BALLESTER-BOLINCHES, J. C. BEIDLEMAN, A. D. FELDMAN, M. F. RAGLAND
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- Glasgow Mathematical Journal / Volume 56 / Issue 3 / September 2014
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- 22 August 2014, pp. 691-703
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- September 2014
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For a formation $\mathfrak F$, a subgroup M of a finite group G is said to be $\mathfrak F$-pronormal in G if for each g ∈ G, there exists x ∈ 〈U,Ug〉$\mathfrak F$ such that Ux = Ug. Let f be a subgroup embedding functor such that f(G) contains the set of normal subgroups of G and is contained in the set of Sylow-permutable subgroups of G for every finite group G. Given such an f, let fT denote the class of finite groups in which f(G) is the set of subnormal subgroups of G; this is the class of all finite groups G in which to be in f(G) is a transitive relation in G. A subgroup M of a finite group G is said to be $\mathfrak F$-normal in G if G/CoreG(M) belongs to $\mathfrak F$. A subgroup U of a finite group G is called K-$\mathfrak F$-subnormal in G if either U = G or there exist subgroups U = U0 ≤ U1 ≤ . . . ≤ Un = G such that Ui–1 is either normal or $\mathfrak F$-normal in Ui, for i = 1,2, …, n. We call a finite group G an $fT_{\mathfrak F}$-group if every K-$\mathfrak F$-subnormal subgroup of G is in f(G). In this paper, we analyse for certain formations $\mathfrak F$ the structure of $fT_{\mathfrak F}$-groups. We pay special attention to the $\mathfrak F$-pronormal subgroups in this analysis.