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Our objective was to identify factors that predict occurrence and severity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a terrorism attack.
Population
We evaluated 32 victims of a bomb attack in a Paris subway in December 1996 at 6 and 32 months.
Methods
Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical data and physical injuries were used to predict PTSD occurrence and severity in 32 victims. The Watson’s PTSD Inventory (PTSD-I) and the Impact of Event Scale (IES) by Horowitz were used to evaluate occurrence and severity of PTSD, respectively.
Results
Thirty-nine percent of participants met PTSD criteria at 6 months, 25% still had PTSD at 32 months. Women had PTSD 32 months after the bomb attack more frequently than men. Employment predicted PTSD severity at 32 months. PTSD scores assessed by PTSD-I at 6 months were significantly and positively associated with IES scores at 32-month follow-up (r = 0.55, P = 0.004). Psychotropic drug use before the bomb attack significantly predicted PTSD occurrence and severity at 6 and 32 months. In a linear regression model, physical injuries, employment status and psychotropic drug use before the bomb attack were independent predictors of severity of PTSD at 32 months.
Conclusions
Bomb attack exposure resulted in persisting PTSD in a significant proportion of victims; the severity was predicted at 32 months by physical injuries and psychotropic drug use before the terrorism attack and by the PTSD score few months after the bomb attack.
Nuestro objetivo era identificar los factores que predicen la presencia y la gravedad del trastorno por estrés postraumático (TEPT) después de un ataque terrorista.
Población
Evaluamos a 32 víctimas de un ataque con bomba en el metro de París en diciembre de 1996 a los 6 y a los 32 meses.
Métodos
Se utilizaron las características sociodemográficas, los datos clínicos y las lesiones físicas para predecir la presencia y la gravedad del TEPT en 32 víctimas. Se usó la Entrevista del Trastorno por Estrés Postraumático (PTSD-I) de Watson y la Escala del Impacto del Acontecimiento (IES) de Horowitz para evaluar la presencia y la gravedad del TEPT, respectivamente.
Resultados
El 39% de los participates cumplía los criterios de TEPT a los 6 meses y el 25% lo tenía todavía a los 32 meses. Las mujeres tenían TEPT 32 meses después del ataque con bomba con más frecuencia que los hombres. El empleo predecía la gravedad del trastorno a los 32 meses. Las puntuaciones del TEPT evaluado por el PTSD-I a los 6 meses se asociaban significativa y positivamente con las puntuaciones de la IES en el seguimiento a los 32 meses (r = 0,55, P = 0,004). El uso de medicamentos psicotropos antes del ataque con bomba predecía significativamente la presencia y la gravedad del TEPT a los 6 y a los 32 meses. En un modelo de regresión lineal, las lesiones físicas, la situación laboral y el uso de medicamentos psicotropos antes del ataque con bomba fueron predictores independientes de la gravedad del TEPT a los 32 meses.
Conclusiones
La exposición al ataque con bomba se tradujo en TEPT persistente en una proporción significativa de víctimas; las lesiones físicas, el uso de medicamentos psicotropos antes del ataque terrorista y la puntuación del TEPT unos meses después del ataque con bomba predecían la gravedad a los 32 meses.
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