Paleoindians buried Spirit Cave Man in a Nevada cave, and archaeologists excavated these remains in 1940. Radiocarbon testing in 1996 dated the burial and associated grave goods as older than 10,700 years. Living just 10 miles from Spirit Cave, the Fallon Paiute-Shoshone Tribe filed a NAGPRA claim in 1997 requesting the repatriation of the Spirit Cave ancestor they call “The Storyteller.” This claim ignited a 20-year legal dispute that led the Fallon Paiute-Shoshone Tribe to make the gut-wrenching decision to permit DNA testing. This article documents a 10,000-year genetic continuity firmly linking Paleoindians at Spirit Cave to the Lovelock culture and that strongly suggests continuities to modern Paiutes living there today with no population replacement. We explore the associated radiocarbon record of these dynamics to understand the syncopated population movements that responded to shifting resource distributions. Resilience theory provides an operational way to understand this extraordinary continuity through key concepts, including tipping points, early warning signals, sunk-cost effects, and loss-of-resilience hypotheses. The Spirit Cave case also underscores the moribund concepts and assumptions underlying a century of Great Basin anthropological study that misread this long-term episode of Indigenous resilience and survivance.

Objectives/Goals: The University of Minnesota (UMN) CTSI and Medical School sought to increase the diversity of translational research-intensive faculty by recruiting highly promising new-to-UMN tenure track faculty in the Medical School. Increased resources and career development will increase recruitment and address barriers to their promotion and success. Methods/Study Population: In 2019, the Medical School Dean committed to fund 15 Early Career Research Awards (ECRA) Scholars to recruit outstanding new-to-UMN, tenure track faculty. Supplementing usual departmental recruitment packages, ECRA Scholars receive: 75% salary and fringe benefit support for 3 years; an additional $500,000 of research funds; and augmented mentoring and coaching with required participation in the relevant CTSI career development program. Department Chairs propose meritorious candidates for Review Committee consideration based on the Chair nomination letter, scientific plan, mentoring plan, CV, and additional letters of recommendation. To foster community building, there is an annual mini-retreat for the ECRA Scholars and other underrepresented CTSI Scholars with an external visiting professor. Results/Anticipated Results: Fifteen tenure-track faculty have been recruited as ECRA Scholars since 2019 into 9 different departments. One additional Scholar has been accepted and three have completed the program. Three ECRA Scholars were K awardees at the time of recruitment. The CTSI career development programs utilized were the K Accelerator (10), KL2 Scholar (2), and K-R01 (5) Programs, with 3 involved in two programs. The Scholar degrees include 10 PhDs, 3 MD/PhDs, and 2 MDs, with additional MPH/MS (5), MSW (1), and DPT (1) degrees. ECRA Scholars have been awarded multiple NIH R21, Foundation, and internal grants currently under review include Ks and R01s with 5 additional K, 2 new R01, and 1 revised R01 submissions planned for the 2024–2025 academic year. Discussion/Significance of Impact: The ECRA program has successfully augmented recruitment of outstanding underrepresented research-oriented early-stage faculty to the University of Minnesota School of Medicine, contributing to many Departments. The CTSI has provided career development, networking, and a broader community of Scholars, with increased diversity in CTSI programs.

Objectives/Goals: In Fall 2024, we designed a collaborative scholar retreat model to create dialogue among our training programs. The purpose of the retreat was to foster collaboration and provide unique networking opportunity for our KL2, T32, and TL1 scholars to share their research across the translational spectrum and learn more about Clinical and Translational Science Institute (CTSI) resources and tools. Methods/Study Population: The CTSI Fall Scholar Retreat brought together a diverse group of 25 scholars who attended in-person a full-day program. The program included presentations on CTSI resources and Team Science on How to Become a Better Team Member in cross-disciplinary and cross-functional groups. The KL2 Scholars presented motivational talks on their career and professional development journeys. Mentoring roundtable included discussions on subthemes like characteristics of a good mentor/mentee, organizing your mentoring team, different mentor roles, and fears of approaching new mentor/mentee. TL1 and T32 scholars also presented posters describing their ongoing research project from the planning stages to initial observations to completed studies. Results/Anticipated Results: To measure the effectiveness and impact of the CTSI Fall Scholar Retreat, we conducted an evaluation using REDCap survey and received an 88% response rate. On the Likert scale of 1–5 (1 = not at all valuable, 2 = not very valuable, 3 = neutral, 4 = very valuable, and 5 = extremely valuable), 92% of the scholars found the sessions to be valuable. Net Promoter Score of 9.6 (scale of 1–10) was measured to collect the scholar feedback and most of them are likely to recommend the Scholar Retreat to other scholars. Discussion/Significance of Impact: The in-person retreat proved to be a unique platform to interact, collaborate, learn, and grow for all scholars at different levels of their career and research. Inclusion of HRSA-funded T32 post-doctoral program provided cross-level collaboration and helped promote a culture of continuous learning in clinical and translational science.