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24 results

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  • 20 - Analyzing Categorial Phenomena in Talk-in-Interaction

  • from Part V - Avenues into Action
  • Edited by Jeffrey D. Robinson, Portland State University, Rebecca Clift, University of Essex, Kobin H. Kendrick, University of York, Chase Wesley Raymond, University of Colorado Boulder
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of Methods in Conversation Analysis
    Published online:
    06 December 2024
    Print publication:
    05 December 2024, pp 541-576

  • Summary

    This chapter describes and empirically illustrates an approach to analyzing categorial phenomena in talk-in-interaction, grounded in the distinctive conversation analytic practice of building and analyzing collections. We begin by outlining a core set of observations made by Harvey Sacks in implementing a shift from conventional social scientific treatments of categories (e.g., gender, race, sexuality, age) as analysts’ resources, to instead examining them as members’ resources. That is, instead of using categories to study the social world, Sacks’ approach introduced resources for seeing how participants in social interactions use and self-administer categories. We then present an analysis of a collection of openings of interactions from ordinary conversational and institutional settings, considering some ways in which participants explicitly and tacitly use and manage categories in the initial moments of these interactions. Using this analysis as an exemplar, we address a set of challenges and critiques associated with conversation analytic research on categories. We thereby describe how CA can provide an empirically rigorous means of examining the ‘mutually constitutive’ relationship between categories and other ‘generic’ interactional structures and practices – and thus for analyzing the situated (re)production of categories, from the most mundane to those most strongly associated with distributions of power and privilege.

  • Development and validation of the ASKFV-SE tool to measure children's self-efficacy for requesting fruits and vegetables

  • Sarah Amin, Sabrina Hafner, Jade McNamara, Joanna Raymond, Kate Balestracci, Amanda Missimer, Jacquelyn Potvin, Geoffrey Greene
  • Journal:
    Journal of Nutritional Science / Volume 12 / 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    06 January 2023, e3
    • Article
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  • The aim of the present study was to develop the ASKFV-SE tool to measure self-efficacy (SE) towards requesting fruits and vegetables (FV) in the home and school environment with school-age children (grades 4–5) from urban, ethnically diverse, low-income households. Cognitive interviews reduced the tool from eleven items to seven. The 7-item questionnaire was tested with 444 children. The items loaded on two factors: home SE (four items) and school SE (two items) with one item was excluded (<0⋅40). The reduced 6-item, 2-factor structure was the best fit for the data (χ2 = 45⋅09; df = 9; CFI = 0⋅835; RMSEA = 0⋅147). Confirmatory factory analysis revealed that the 4-item home SE had high reliability (α = 0⋅73) and marginally acceptable reliability for the 2-item school SE (α = 0⋅53). The pre-COVID intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was 0⋅584 (P < 0⋅001; fair; n = 57) compared to 0⋅736 during-COVID (P < 0⋅001; good; n 50). The ASKFV-SE tool measures children's SE for asking for FVs with strong psychometric properties and low participant burden.

  • Points in Time: Direct Radiocarbon Dates on Great Basin Projectile Points

  • Geoffrey M. Smith, Pat Barker, Eugene M. Hattori, Anan Raymond, Ted Goebel
  • Journal:
    American Antiquity / Volume 78 / Issue 3 / July 2013
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    20 January 2017, pp. 580-594
    Print publication:
    July 2013

  • Typological cross-dating is the primary means by which archaeological sites are placed into chronological frameworks. This approach relies on the assumption that artifacts at undated sites—usually projectile points—are coeval with similar artifacts found at Other, dated sites. While typological cross-dating is necessary in regions dominated by open-air lithic scatters, the approach can be problematic when undated and dated sites are separated by significant distances. Here, we present radiocarbon dates on projectile points with organic hafting material still attached or found within organic storage bags. Our results provide unequivocal ages for various morphological projectile point types at several Great Basin locales and should be useful to researchers seeking local age estimates for those point types, which often involves relying on chronological data from more distant sites. The results also highlight potential issues with uncritically applying typological cross-dating using typologies based on metric attributes, and in two cases, suggest the need to revise the age ranges for certain point styles in the western Great Basin.

Conversational Repair and Human Understanding
  • Edited by Makoto Hayashi, Geoffrey Raymond, Jack Sidnell
  • Published online:
    05 February 2013
    Print publication:
    17 January 2013
  • Humans are imperfect, and problems of speaking, hearing and understanding are pervasive in ordinary interaction. This book examines the way we 'repair' and correct such problems as they arise in conversation and other forms of human interaction. The first book-length study of this topic, it brings together a team of scholars from the fields of anthropology, communication, linguistics and sociology to explore how speakers address problems in their own talk and that of others, and how the practices of repair are interwoven with non-verbal aspects of communication such as gaze and gesture, across a variety of languages. Specific chapters highlight intersections between repair and epistemics, repair and turn construction, and repair and action formation. Aimed at researchers and students in sociolinguistics, speech communication, conversation analysis and the broader human and social sciences to which they contribute - anthropology, linguistics, psychology and sociology - this book provides a state-of-the-art review of conversational repair, while charting new directions for future study.

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