Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
  1. Home
  2. Search

Refine search

Refine search

Access:
Content type:
Publication date:
Apply   From and To filters
Subject: Show more
Journals Show more
Publishers: Show more
Societies Show more
Series: Show more
Collections: Show more

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
Cancel
×

8 results

  • A single-institutional experience with 36 children less than 5 kilograms supported with the Berlin Heart: Comparison of congenital versus acquired heart disease

  • Mark S. Bleiweis, Omar M. Sharaf, Joseph Philip, Giles J. Peek, Yuriy Stukov, Gregory M. Janelle, Andrew D. Pitkin, Kevin J. Sullivan, Connie S. Nixon, Dan Neal, Jeffrey P. Jacobs
  • Journal:
    Cardiology in the Young / Volume 34 / Issue 6 / June 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 February 2024, pp. 1342-1349
    • Article
      • You have access
      • Open access
    • PDF
    • HTML
    • Export citation
  • Objectives:

    We reviewed outcomes in all 36 consecutive children <5 kg supported with the Berlin Heart pulsatile ventricular assist device at the University of Florida, comparing those with acquired heart disease (n = 8) to those with congenital heart disease (CHD) (n = 28).

    Methods:

    The primary outcome was mortality. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank tests were used to assess group differences in long-term survival after ventricular assist device insertion. T-tests using estimated survival proportions were used to compare groups at specific time points.

    Results:

    Of 82 patients supported with the Berlin Heart at our institution, 49 (49/82 = 59.76%) weighed <10 kg and 36 (36/82 = 43.90%) weighed <5 kg. Of 36 patients <5 kg, 26 (26/36 = 72.22%) were successfully bridged to transplantation. (The duration of support with ventricular assist device for these 36 patients <5 kg was [days]: median = 109, range = 4–305.) Eight out of 36 patients <5 kg had acquired heart disease, and all eight [8/8 = 100%] were successfully bridged to transplantation. (The duration of support with ventricular assist device for these 8 patients <5 kg with acquired heart disease was [days]: median = 50, range = 9–130.) Twenty-eight of 36 patients <5 kg had congenital heart disease. Eighteen of these 28 [64.3%] were successfully bridged to transplantation. (The duration of support with ventricular assist device for these 28 patients <5 kg with congenital heart disease was [days]: median = 136, range = 4–305.) For all 36 patients who weighed <5 kg: 1-year survival estimate after ventricular assist device insertion = 62.7% (95% confidence interval = 48.5–81.2%) and 5-year survival estimate after ventricular assist device insertion = 58.5% (95% confidence interval = 43.8–78.3%). One-year survival after ventricular assist device insertion = 87.5% (95% confidence interval = 67.3–99.9%) in acquired heart disease and 55.6% (95% confidence interval = 39.5–78.2%) in CHD, P = 0.036. Five-year survival after ventricular assist device insertion = 87.5% (95% confidence interval = 67.3–99.9%) in acquired heart disease and 48.6% (95% confidence interval = 31.6–74.8%) in CHD, P = 0.014.

    Conclusion:

    Pulsatile ventricular assist device facilitates bridge to transplantation in neonates and infants weighing <5 kg; however, survival after ventricular assist device insertion in these small patients is less in those with CHD in comparison to those with acquired heart disease.

  • Common and disorder-specific neural responses to emotional faces in generalised anxiety, social anxiety and panic disorders

  • Gregory A. Fonzo, Holly J. Ramsawh, Taru M. Flagan, Sarah G. Sullivan, Andrea Letamendi, Alan N. Simmons, Martin P. Paulus, Murray B. Stein
  • Journal:
    The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 206 / Issue 3 / March 2015
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2018, pp. 206-215
    Print publication:
    March 2015
    • Article
      • You have access
    • PDF
    • HTML
    • Export citation
  • Background

    Although evidence exists for abnormal brain function across various anxiety disorders, direct comparison of neural function across diagnoses is needed to elicit abnormalities common across disorders and those distinct to a particular diagnosis.

    Aims

    To delineate common and distinct abnormalities within generalised anxiety (GAD), panic and social anxiety disorder (SAD) during affective processing.

    Method

    Fifty-nine adults (15 with GAD, 15 with panic disorder, 14 with SAD, and 15 healthy controls) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while completing a facial emotion matching task with fearful, angry and happy faces.

    Results

    Greater differential right amygdala activation to matching fearful v. happy facial expressions related to greater negative affectivity (i.e. trait anxiety) and was heightened across all anxiety disorder groups compared with controls. Collapsing across emotional face types, participants with panic disorder uniquely displayed greater posterior insula activation.

    Conclusions

    These preliminary results highlight a common neural basis for clinical anxiety in these diagnoses and also suggest the presence of disorder-specific dysfunction.

  • Planning for Institutional Change in Utilization of Sub-Saharan Africa's Common Property Range Resources

  • James R. Simpson, Gregory M. Sullivan
  • Journal:
    African Studies Review / Volume 27 / Issue 4 / December 1984
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    23 May 2014, pp. 61-78

  • Attempts to increase food productivity, make the agricultural sector more cost efficient, improve diets of lower income people, and increase net incomes of farmers and livestock owners are receiving considerable interest on a worldwide basis. In many areas, however, these goals are not being met. In particular, livestock development programs in arid and semi-arid pastoral and sedentary regions in Africa have been especially discouraging. The general problem confronted in this article is to determine why the livestock industry is not developing, and to analyze alternatives related to one major source of concern: communally grazed areas.

    Africa warrants a special place in development planning due to a multitude of non-economic factors. Political instability, language differences, and tribal and racial tensions have often tended to overshadow economic considerations (Bates, 1981). Perhaps most striking has been the heavy emphasis on equity considerations, possibly because many nations have recently emerged from colonial rule. The relatively short post emergence period (two to three decades in most cases) combined with the continent's economic and natural resource diversity, and a host of other factors such as trade policies, make analysis of economic development potential very difficult (World Bank, 1981).

    It is evident that there is no one problem and no unique solution in denning policies related to Sub-Saharan Africa's livestock sector. Perhaps most important is to recognize that the various kinds of livestock systems themselves, as well as associated social institutions, are dynamic forces.

  • 24 - Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder

  • from Section 4 - Treatment of anxiety: current status and controversial issues
  • Edited by Helen Blair Simpson, Columbia University, New York, Yuval Neria, Columbia University, New York, Roberto Lewis-Fernández, Columbia University, New York, Franklin Schneier, Columbia University, New York
  • Book:
    Anxiety Disorders
    Published online:
    10 November 2010
    Print publication:
    26 August 2010, pp 271-283

  • Summary

    This chapter reviews evidence-based pharmacotherapeutic and psychotherapeutic treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It also discusses the pharmacological literature, mainly placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that targeted global symptom reduction in PTSD. Preclinical neuroscience studies of emotional learning and memory have suggested that pharmacotherapies may prevent the development of PTSD. The chapter reviews the results from a number of RCTs and discusses several RCTs aimed at particular symptoms associated with PTSD, such as sleep disturbance, hyperarousal, and co-occurring psychotic symptoms. It reviews efforts at prevention of PTSD in individuals recently exposed to significant traumas. While pharmacotherapy research in PTSD has yet to provide conclusive results for other classes of medications, psychotherapy research conducted in the last two decades has shown impressive support for a number of psychotherapies, including prolonged exposure (PE), eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), stress inoculation therapy (SIT), and trauma management therapy.