Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
  1. Home
  2. Search

Refine search

Refine search

Access:
Content type:
Publication date:
Apply   From and To filters
Subject: Show more
Journals Show more
Publishers: Show more
Societies Show more
Series: Show more
Collections: Show more

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
Cancel
×

43 results

Page 1 of 3

  • Household food insecurity is prevalent in a cohort of postpartum women who registered in the Canada Prenatal Nutrition Program in Toronto

  • Alison Mildon, Jane Francis, Stacia Stewart, Bronwyn Underhill, Yi Man Ng, Christina Rousseau, Valerie Tarasuk, Erica Di Ruggiero, Cindy-Lee Dennis, Deborah L O’Connor, Daniel W Sellen
  • Journal:
    Public Health Nutrition / Volume 26 / Issue 7 / July 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    15 March 2023, pp. 1468-1477
    • Article
      • You have access
      • Open access
    • PDF
    • HTML
    • Export citation
  • Objective:

    To assess the prevalence, severity and socio-demographic predictors of household food insecurity among vulnerable women accessing the Canada Prenatal Nutrition Program (CPNP) and to examine associations between household food insecurity and breastfeeding practices to 6 months.

    Design:

    Cohort investigation pooling data from two studies which administered the 18-item Household Food Security Survey Module at 6 months postpartum and collected prospective infant feeding data at 2 weeks and 2, 4 and 6 months. Household food insecurity was classified as none, marginal, moderate or severe. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess predictors of household food insecurity and associations between household food security (any and severity) and continued and exclusive breastfeeding.

    Setting:

    Three Toronto sites of the CPNP, a federal initiative targeting socially and/or economically vulnerable women.

    Participants:

    316 birth mothers registered prenatally in the CPNP from 2017 to 2020.

    Results:

    Household food insecurity at 6 months postpartum was highly prevalent (44 %), including 11 % in the severe category. Risk of household food insecurity varied by CPNP site (P < 0·001) and was higher among multiparous participants (OR 2·08; 95 % CI 1·28, 3·39). There was no association between the prevalence or severity of food insecurity and continued or exclusive breastfeeding to 6 months postpartum in the adjusted analyses.

    Conclusions:

    Household food insecurity affected nearly half of this cohort of women accessing the CPNP. Further research is needed on household food insecurity across the national CPNP and other similar programmes, with consideration of the implications for programme design, service delivery and policy responses.

An Equal Start?
  • Providing Quality Early Education and Care for Disadvantaged Children
  • Edited by Ludovica Gambaro, Kitty Stewart, Jane Waldfogel
  • Published by:
    Bristol University Press
    Published online:
    03 February 2022
    Print publication:
    29 January 2014
  • In this book, leading experts examine how early education and care is organised and funded in eight different countries. Bringing together recent evidence, the book provides rich insights on how policies work in practice, and the extent to which they help or hinder the provision of high quality education and care.

  • 1A - Female Age 42 Years Should Be the Upper Limit for Conventional IVF/ICSI Treatment

  • from Section I - Limits for IVF
  • Edited by Roy Homburg, Adam H. Balen, Robert F. Casper
  • Book:
    50 Big Debates in Reproductive Medicine
    Published online:
    25 November 2021
    Print publication:
    16 December 2021, pp 2-4

  • Summary

    The premise of this argument is that there is an appropriate age limit for conventional IVF/ICSI treatment. Why should there be a limit at all? It may be argued that as long as we can squeeze an egg out of an ovary and a woman wishes to proceed that should be enough for us to proceed. Good medical practice dictates that doctors advise patients with honesty and integrity and that might include advising no treatment – there is no compulsion to provide a patient with treatment on request or payment. For fertility specialists to fulfil every patient request whatever the ‘cost’ would class us alongside commercial surgery. If we are to argue that infertility is a medical diagnosis then we must not accept the definition of ‘industry’. There are a number of reasons why we might not accede to a request for IVF/ICSI in women past their 43rd birthday.

  • “Why and how did this happen?”: development and evaluation of an information resource for parents of children with CHD

  • Alexis V. Hunt, Desiree C. K. Hilton, Charlotte E. Verrall, Kristine K. Barlow-Stewart, Jane Fleming, David S. Winlaw, Gillian M. Blue
  • Journal:
    Cardiology in the Young / Volume 30 / Issue 3 / March 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    10 January 2020, pp. 346-352
  • Background:

    The causes of CHD are complex and often unknown, leading parents to ask how and why this has happened. Genetic counselling has been shown to benefit these parents by providing information and support; however, most parents currently do not receive this service. This study aimed to develop a brochure to determine whether an information resource could improve parents’ knowledge about CHD causation and inheritance and increase psychosocial functioning.

    Methods:

    In development, the resource was assessed against several readability scales and piloted. Parents of children attending preadmission clinic for surgery were included. Assessments occurred pre- and post-receiving the information resource using a purpose-designed knowledge measure and validated psychological measures.

    Results:

    Participant’s (n = 52) knowledge scores increased significantly from the pre-questionnaire ( ${\overline x}\, = \,5/10$ , sd = 2.086) to post-questionnaire ( $\overline x\, = \,7.88/10$ , sd = 2.094, p < 0.001), with all aware that CHD can be caused by genetic factors after reading the brochure. Perceived personal control also increased from pre- ( $\overline x\, = \,11.856/18$ , sd = 4.339) to post-brochure ( $\overline x\, = \,14.644/18$ , sd = 3.733, p < 0.001), and many reported reduced feelings of guilt. No negative emotional response to the brochure was reported. The information provided was considered relevant (88%), reassuring (86%), and 88% would recommend the brochure to other parents. However, some wanted more emotional support and assistance in what to tell their child.

    Conclusions:

    Use of the information resource significantly enhanced parents’ knowledge of CHD causation and increased their psychosocial functioning. It is a valuable resource in the absence of genetic counselling; however, it should not replace formal genetic counselling when required.

  • Chapter 31 - Donor Recruitment

  • Edited by Jane A. Stewart
  • Book:
    Subfertility, Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction
    Published online:
    03 June 2019
    Print publication:
    20 June 2019, pp 233-240

  • Summary

    Sperm donation in the United Kingdom was first described as a treatment in 1945 in Mary Barton’s article in the British Medical Journal (BMJ) [1]. Before and since that publication, innumerable children have been born as a result of either formal or informal sperm donation. Sperm freezing has been undertaken in animal work e.g. cattle for many years, and advances in the reliability of freezing and thawing techniques paved the way for the formation of sperm ‘banks’. In the United Kingdom in 1990, the storage of human gametes became a licensable activity through the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act regulated by the Authority (HFEA) [2].

Subfertility, Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproduction
  • Edited by Jane A. Stewart
  • Published online:
    03 June 2019
    Print publication:
    20 June 2019
  • Reproductive medicine and surgery is a major subspecialty in the practice of obstetrics and gynaecology. This textbook provides an introduction to the field of subfertility and reproductive endocrinology, with contributions written by leading experts in the field. This book is based on and compliments a training programme run jointly by the British Fertility Society and the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, making it an indispensable handbook for medical trainees. It will also appeal to clinicians embarking on a career in obstetrics and gynaecology who want an excellent grounding in this area. Specialist nurses will also find the book a valuable resource, and scientists specialising in reproductive medicine and embryology will gain insight into the related clinical areas.

  • Effectiveness of automated appointment reminders in psychosis community services: a randomised controlled trial

  • Eugenia Kravariti, Christopher Reeve-Mates, Rafaela Da Gama Pires, Elias Tsakanikos, Daniel Hayes, Siobhan Renshaw, Sarah McAllister, Vishal Bhavsar, Pam Patterson, Emily Daley, Jane Stewart, Megan Pritchard, Hitesh Shetty, Rosalind Ramsay, Rocio Perez-Iglesias, Philip McGuire
  • Journal:
    BJPsych Open / Volume 4 / Issue 1 / January 2018
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    30 January 2018, pp. 15-17
    • Article
      • You have access
      • Open access
    • PDF
    • HTML
    • Export citation

  • We report on the first open-label, parallel group randomised controlled trial of automated appointment reminders in a psychosis community service in the UK. Ninety-five patients were randomly allocated to receiving/not receiving automated messaging reminders 7 days and 1 day before appointments. All ‘Attended’ and ‘Missed’ appointment outcomes over 6 months were analysed using cluster regression analysis. Reminded appointments were significantly more frequently attended than non-reminded appointments (unadjusted odds ratio (OR) = 3.54, 95% CI 1.36–9.22, P = 0.01; adjusted OR = 2.95, 95% CI 1.05–8.85, P < 0.05). Automated messaging reminders can provide a robust strategy for promoting engagement with psychosis services.

    Declaration of interest

    The authors have no competing financial interests to declare in relation to the current work. Sarah McAllister was supported by a King's Undergraduate Research Fellowship.

  • Development of a recombinant protein-based ELISA for diagnosis of larval cyathostomin infection

  • MAIRI C. MITCHELL, THOMAS TZELOS, IAN HANDEL, HAMISH E. G. MCWILLIAM, JANE E. HODGKINSON, ALASDAIR J. NISBET, VITALIY O. KHARCHENKO, STEWART T. G. BURGESS, JACQUELINE B. MATTHEWS
  • Journal:
    Parasitology / Volume 143 / Issue 8 / July 2016
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    13 May 2016, pp. 1055-1066

  • Cyathostomins are ubiquitous nematodes of horses. Once ingested, they can spend a substantial time as encysted larvae in the intestinal wall. The larvae can comprise up to 90% of the total burden, with up to several million worms reported in individuals. These stages can emerge in large numbers to cause life-threatening colitis. Direct methods for detection of encysted larval burdens in live horses do not exist. Previously, two antigen complexes were identified as promising markers for infection. A component of these, cyathostomin gut associated larval antigen-1 (Cy-GALA-1), was identified following immunoscreening of a complementary DNA library. Serum immunoglobulin G(T) (IgG(T)) responses to Cy-GALA-1 were shown to inform on larval infection. Sequence analysis of polymerase chain reaction products amplified from individual worms indicated that Cy-GALA-1 was derived from Cyathostomum pateratum. As cyathostomin infections always comprise multiple species, a diagnostic test must account for this. Here, segments of the Cy-gala gene were isolated from four common species, Cyathostomum catinatum, Cylicocyclus ashworthi, Cylicostephanus goldi and Cylicostephanus longibursatus, and the associated proteins expressed in recombinant form. The specificity and immunogenicity of each protein was confirmed. Each protein was assessed by enzyme linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) for its ability for informing on the presence of encysted larval infection and the level of burden.

  • 3 - Ovulatory disorders

  • Edited by Siladitya Bhattacharya, University of Aberdeen, Mark Hamilton
  • Book:
    Management of Infertility for the MRCOG and Beyond
    Published online:
    05 June 2014
    Print publication:
    30 January 2014, pp 31-44

  • Summary

    Ovulatory disorders can arise from any level of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Ovulatory dysfunction may result from a lack of available oocytes or of follicles. Pelvic imaging, which is often undertaken at the time of examination by transvaginal ultrasound scan, can confirm normal pelvic organs and also provide an assessment of ovarian morphology, in particular polycystic appearance. Semen analysis for the male partner must be considered an absolute minimum. It is important to consider tubal patency if ovulation induction is planned and, in women with risk factors for tubal disease, prior assessment should be considered mandatory either by laparoscopy or contrast imaging. Liaison with endocrine colleagues is recommended when more complex endocrine disorders are involved. General fertility advice is important, including advice (for both partners) on weight management, smoking, alcohol and drugs, as is confirming an up-to-date smear result and female folic acid supplementation.

  • ten - Common challenges, lessons for policy

  • Edited by Ludovica Gambaro, University College London, Institute of Education, Kitty Stewart, The London School of Economics and Political Science, Jane Waldfogel, Columbia University, New York
  • Book:
    An Equal Start?
    Published by:
    Bristol University Press
    Published online:
    03 February 2022
    Print publication:
    29 January 2014, pp 219-244

  • Summary

    Although national contexts are different, countries face similar challenges in attempting to ensure that all children have access to high-quality early childhood education and care (ECEC) provision. There are inevitable tensions in trying to deliver on all three corners of what Katherine Magnuson and Jane Waldfogel refer to in their chapter on the US as the ‘childcare triangle’ – access, quality and affordability. In this concluding chapter we draw together the evidence from our eight country case studies to examine how different countries have best addressed these common challenges.

    We begin by asking how disadvantaged children can be encouraged and enabled to access formal ECEC. Second, we ask what can be done to make sure that this provision is of the highest possible quality. We then explore how countries have addressed the trade-off between expanding access to include more children (or including them from an earlier age) and improving the quality of what is on offer. We go on to look at issues of delivery, including decentralised provision and the role of different sectors, including private for-profit providers. Finally, we come back to the bottom line: extending provision costs money, and so does improving quality. Do governments simply need to find more resources or are there ways to spend money more effectively?

    Policies, of course, emerge and are implemented against a specific political and institutional context, and scholars of comparative social policy, pointing to the breadth of countries’ dissimilarities, warn against the dangers of simple ‘policy borrowing’ (Mahon, 2006). As the individual chapters illustrate, national approaches to ECEC are underpinned by different social and cultural norms regarding gender equality and childhood, by differences between policy makers as to whether parental employment or child development is the prime focus of concern, and by differences in the length of time that childcare and early education have had a place on the policy agenda (see also, among others, Kremer, 2007; Lewis et al, 2008; Saraceno, 2011). Our aim in this chapter is not to advocate for importing particular policies into any one country, but to identify common themes and highlight insights from good practice which might be useful in thinking about the way ECEC is organised, funded and delivered. We also try not to focus too heavily on contemporary policy debates in any one country: our aim is to draw out broader lessons that will stand the test of time.

Page 1 of 3