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15 results

  • Control of octahedral connectivity in perovskite oxide heterostructures: An emerging route to multifunctional materials discovery

  • James M. Rondinelli, Steven J. May, John W. Freeland
  • Journal:
    MRS Bulletin / Volume 37 / Issue 3 / March 2012
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    12 March 2012, pp. 261-270
    Print publication:
    March 2012

  • Research in ABO3 perovskite oxides ranges from fundamental scientific studies in superconductivity and magnetism to technologies for advanced low-power electronics, energy storage, and conversion. The breadth in functionalities observed in this versatile materials class originates, in part, from the ability to control the local and extended crystallographic structure of corner-connected octahedral units. While an established paradigm exists to alter the size, shape, and connectivity of the octahedral building blocks in bulk materials, these approaches are often limited to certain subsets of the allowed perovskite archetypes and chemistries. In this article, we describe emerging routes in thin films and multilayer superlattices enabled by epitaxial synthesis aimed at engineering the octahedral connectivity—rotational magnitudes and patterns—to reach unexplored portions of the crystallographic structure–property phase space for rational materials design. We review three promising chemistry-independent strategies that provide a handle to tune the octahedral connectivity: epitaxial strain, interfacial control at perovskite/perovskite heterojunctions, and rotation engineering in short-period superlattices. Finally, we touch upon potential new functionalities that could be attained by extending these approaches to static and dynamic manipulation of the perovskite structure through external fields and highlight unresolved questions for the deterministic control of octahedral rotations in perovskite-structured materials.

Fitness of the Cosmos for Life
  • Biochemistry and Fine-Tuning
  • Edited by John D. Barrow, Simon Conway Morris, Stephen J. Freeland, Charles L. Harper, Jr
  • Published online:
    18 December 2009
    Print publication:
    06 December 2007
  • This highly interdisciplinary 2007 book highlights many of the ways in which chemistry plays a crucial role in making life an evolutionary possibility in the universe. Cosmologists and particle physicists have often explored how the observed laws and constants of nature lie within a narrow range that allows complexity and life to evolve and adapt. Here, these anthropic considerations are diversified in a host of new ways to identify the most sensitive features of biochemistry and astrobiology. Celebrating the classic 1913 work of Lawrence J. Henderson, The Fitness of the Environment for Life, this book looks at the delicate balance between chemistry and the ambient conditions in the universe that permit complex chemical networks and structures to exist. It will appeal to a broad range of scientists, academics, and others interested in the origin and existence of life in our universe.

  • Preface

    • By John D. Barrow, Professor of Mathematical Sciences in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge; Director, Millennium Mathematics Project, Simon Conway Morris, Professor of Evolutionary Palaeobiology, Earth Sciences Department, University of Cambridge, Stephen J. Freeland, Associate Professor of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Charles L. Harper, Astrophysicist and planetary scientist and serves as Senior Vice President, John Templeton Foundation
  • Edited by John D. Barrow, University of Cambridge, Simon Conway Morris, University of Cambridge, Stephen J. Freeland, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Charles L. Harper, Jr
  • Book:
    Fitness of the Cosmos for Life
    Published online:
    18 December 2009
    Print publication:
    06 December 2007, pp xxi-xxii

  • Summary

    This book is part of a two-part program focused on the broad theme of “biochemistry and fine-tuning.” Fitness of the Cosmos for Life began with a symposium held at Harvard University in October 2003 in honor of the 90th anniversary of the publication of Lawrence J. Henderson's The Fitness of the Environment. The symposium was an interdisciplinary, exploratory research meeting of scientists and other scholars that served as a stimulus for the creative thinking process used in developing the content of this book. The chapters in this volume were developed following the symposium and take advantage of the rich technical and interdisciplinary exchange of ideas that occurred during the in-person discussions.

    The Fitness of the Cosmos program has provided a high-level forum in which innovative research leaders could present their ideas. In the spirit of multidisciplinarity, the fields represented by the meeting participants and book contributors are diverse. From the sciences, the fields of physics, astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology, organic and inorganic chemistry, biology, biochemistry, earth science, medicine, and biomedical engineering are represented; the humanistic disciplines represented include the history of science, philosophy, and theology.

    This volume explores in greater depth issues around which the 2003 meeting was convened. It addresses the broad inquiry Is the cosmos “biocentric” and “fitted” for life? Keeping this question in mind, the authors presented their thoughts in the context of their own research and knowledge of others' writings on topics of “fitness” and “fine-tuning.” This work pays tribute to the groundbreaking inquiry of L. J. Henderson.