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32 results

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Neuroimaging in Developmental Clinical Neuroscience
  • Edited by Judith M. Rumsey, Monique Ernst
  • Published online:
    04 August 2010
    Print publication:
    19 February 2009
  • Modern neuroimaging offers tremendous opportunities for gaining insights into normative development and a wide array of developmental neuropsychiatric disorders. Focusing on ontogeny, this text covers basic processes involved in both healthy and atypical maturation, and also addresses the range of neuroimaging techniques most widely used for studying children. This book will enable you to understand normative structural and functional brain maturation and the mechanisms underlying basic developmental processes; become familiar with current knowledge and hypotheses concerning the neural bases of developmental neuropsychiatric disorders; and learn about neuroimaging techniques, including their unique strengths and limitations. Coverage includes normal developmental processes, atypical processing in developmental neuropsychiatric disorders, ethical issues, neuroimaging techniques and their integration with psychopharmacologic and molecular genetic research approaches, and future directions. This comprehensive volume is an essential resource for neurologists, neuropsychologists, psychiatrists, pediatricians, and radiologists concerned with normal development and developmental neuropsychiatric disorders.

Functional Neuroimaging in Child Psychiatry
  • Edited by Monique Ernst, Judith M. Rumsey
  • Foreword by Joseph T. Coyle
  • Published online:
    06 January 2010
    Print publication:
    12 October 2000
  • This 2000 publication reviews the rapid development of functional neuroimaging techniques and their implications for child psychiatry. It is unusual in its focus on children, and in integrating brain mapping with genetics and behavioural testing. This reference will help clinicians and investigators to:Understand through imaging the mechanisms of childhood psychiatric disordersDecide which technique is most appropriate for their purposes, with respect to technology, experimental design, data analysis and ethical considerationsAppreciate the role of molecular genetics and neuropsychology in planning brain imaging studiesCoverage includes description of brain imaging strategies and the application to children of imaging techniques used in adults, set against an overview of normal behavioural and cognitive development. Linking the latest findings from neuroimaging to neurophysiological models, this is an essential resource for researchers and clinicians concerned with neurodevelopmental disorders.

  • Foreword

  • Edited by Monique Ernst, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Judith M. Rumsey, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
  • Foreword by Joseph T. Coyle
  • Book:
    Functional Neuroimaging in Child Psychiatry
    Published online:
    06 January 2010
    Print publication:
    12 October 2000, pp xiii-xiv

  • Summary

    Research is limited by the instruments that it uses: from the telescope came the solar system: from the microscope came the germ theory. A subtext of these discoveries is “seeing is believing”. For all too long, psychiatric illness has been defined by what could not be seen: a lesion on autopy transformed a psychiatric disorder into a neurologic disorder. The ken of clinical responsibility of psychiatry has, therefore, been delimited to conditions with behavioral and intrapsychic symptoms without visible neuropathology. This situation, of course, has been fertile ground for the persistence of stigma, as psychiatric disorder was equated with moral weakness among the lay public and derided as “functional” by nonpsychiatric clinicians.

    Fortunately, the solution for this seeming oxymoron, mental illness, came from technology. Since the mid-1980s increasingly powerful devices have been developed to image the structure, function, neurophysiology, and chemical composition of the living human brain. The impact of these technologies has been informative for brain science but transformative for psychiatry. For example, no longer can schizophrenia be considered a political act or psychologic deviance when one can see the atrophic cortex, hypofunctional frontal lobe, enhanced release of striatal dopamine and reduced levels of N-acetylaspartate.

    Functional Neuroimaging in Child Psychiatry, edited by Monique Ernst and Judy Rumsey, takes current imaging opportunities and discusses their applicability to the realm of the child and adolescent subject. The power of this important textbook is that it addresses the critical fact that children are not simply miniature adults.

  • 23 - Functional neuroimaging in child psychiatry: future directions

  • from Part 5 - Future directions
  • Edited by Monique Ernst, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Judith M. Rumsey, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland
  • Foreword by Joseph T. Coyle
  • Book:
    Functional Neuroimaging in Child Psychiatry
    Published online:
    06 January 2010
    Print publication:
    12 October 2000, pp 398-407

  • Summary

    This chapter highlights the findings and hypotheses emerging from recent functional neuroimaging studies in both children and adults. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is recognized as a highly prevalent and potentially lifelong disorder and is probably the childhood psychiatric disorder most studied in children and adolescents using functional neuroimaging to date. Symptom patterns of ADHD are known to change across the lifespan, from childhood into adolescence into adulthood. The chapter proposes several areas of need specific to the investigation of children that are fundamental to the successful application of neuroimaging in child psychiatry. These areas include the collection of age-related normative data relevant to indices of brain function at rest and during task performance. It also includes the development of age-appropriate brain atlases and the prioritization of research questions in this extraordinary burgeoning field. The chapter outlines the future directions in neuroimaging research in child psychiatry.

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