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9 results

  • Chapter 4 - Extension Programming to Enhance Urban Well-Being

  • from Part I - Overview of Extension and the Social Sciences
  • Edited by Maria Rosario T. de Guzman, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Holly Hatton, University of Nebraska, Lincoln
  • Book:
    Extension Education and the Social Sciences
    Published online:
    28 March 2024
    Print publication:
    04 April 2024, pp 64-94

  • Summary

    Extension’s commitment to improving the quality of life through nonformal education remains apparent across the rural–urban continuum. While urban, suburban, and rural communities share common issues such as food access and health disparities, addressing concerns of well-being in urban areas requires approaches that recognize the scale, diversity, complexity, and urban–rural interface of metropolitan areas. This chapter provides an overview of Extension’s strategy in metropolitan areas. It describes and discusses the National Urban Extension Leaders (NUEL) network, which is a steering council developed to guide Extension’s approach to urban programming. NUEL’s focus areas include improving our health, enriching youth, feeding the future, strengthening communities, and protecting the environment. Using a case study approach, the chapter then includes examples of Extension programs across the country that address issues relevant to urban populations. The chapter concludes with insights from earlier programming and scholarship, and provides recommendations based on a synthesis of common threads and unique considerations in urban programming.

  • Place for Our Dead: Sacred Space and the Greek Community in Early Modern Venice

  • Edited by Jim Pearce, North Carolina Central University, Ward J. Risvold, Georgia College & State University
  • Edited in association with William Given, University of California, San Diego
  • Book:
    Renaissance Papers 2022
    Published by:
    Boydell & Brewer
    Published online:
    22 February 2024
    Print publication:
    28 November 2023, pp 65-76

  • Summary

    On the 4th of October 1511, a small group of Greek soldiers living in Venice, known as the capi dei stratioti, made an appeal to the Council of Ten seeking permission, on behalf of the Greek community, to create a permanent Orthodox church, now known as the Church of San Giorgio dei Greci. This group of soldiers had become increasingly concerned over what they perceived as a lack of proper respect for the Greek community from Venetian authorities, who had ignored their previous petitions for an exclusive place where they could worship in the Greek Rite. While the soldiers offer a persuasive argument for the need of a permanent Greek Orthodox Church, most compelling is their concern that the community cannot honor and properly care for the remains of their dead claiming that, “there is no place to bury the dead, as in all [other] churches. They mingle our bones with those of galleymen, porters, and other low creatures; even this would be more tolerable if the graves were not upon the public way, and those poor bodies and bones were not dug up and thrown into the water within a few days of burial.”

    Continuing their appeal, the soldiers also claim that the parish priest of San Biagio, caused further dishonor by throwing the disinterred bones into the water to make room for more burials; presumably because burial of the dead served as a source of income for the church, but also, due perhaps to a general lack of space. In addition to commemorating and performing the obligatory rituals associated with the body after death, care of the soul of the dead posed a more urgent issue, as the soldiers state in their petition to the Ten, “At the Last Judgment the fishes of the sea will be hard put to it to yield up our bones and organs that our bodies may be completely restored.” The Greek soldier's plea demonstrates the significance of fixed sacred space for communities of foreigners residing in early modern Venice, not only for the performance of religious worship and ritual, but also its importance to the community and the obligations of the living in the perpetual care of the dead.

  • Calgary Experience with West Nile Virus Neurological Syndrome During the Late Summer of 2003

  • Ana-Luiza Sayao, Oksana Suchowersky, Ali Al-Khathaami, Brian Klassen, Nili R. Katz, Robert Sevick, Peter Tilley, Julie Fox, David Patry
  • Journal:
    Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Volume 31 / Issue 2 / May 2004
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    16 February 2016, pp. 194-203
    • Article
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  • Background:

    Between August 25 and September 25, 2003 seven patients with West Nile virus neurological manifestations were identified through the hospital neurology consultation services in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Three of the seven patients were treated with interferon alpha-2b (IFN alpha-2b). In this report we document the clinical characteristics of these seven cases.

    Methods:

    Clinical and laboratory information was obtained from a retrospective review of patient hospital and clinic charts. Patients were included if they had serological evidence of West Nile virus infection and had clinical evidence of aseptic meningitis, encephalomyelitis, cerebellar syndrome or motor neuronopathy. Three patients received a treatment course of three million units IFN alpha-2b, administered by subcutaneous injection once per day for 14 days.

    Results:

    Four patients had cerebellar signs without change in consciousness, two had both encephalitis and neuromuscular weakness, and one patient had focal lower motor neuron arm weakness. The mean age was 52 (range 24 - 73). All patients had flu-like illness and fever as presenting symptoms and six had severe headaches. Two patients were immunocompromised prior to infection. Two patients with cerebellar signs (one with opsoclonus-myoclonus) improved spontaneously and exhibited only mild residual deficits on discharge. The other two patients with cerebellar findings developed brainstem involvement, one coinciding with and one subsequent to the cerebellar symptoms. Within one week of treatment with IFN alpha-2b these latter two patients showed marked improvement. One patient with encephalitis and neuromuscular weakness, was treated with IFN alpha-2b and subsequently recovered.

    Interpretation:

    In this case review of seven patients, multiple neurological symptoms occurred in each patient and the neurological presentation was varied. Four patients had predominant cerebellar findings and one patient had opsoclonus-myoclonus, not previously reported. The marked improvement in three patients who received IFN alpha-2b raises preliminary optimism towards this potential treatment.

  • Incidence of Surgical Site Infection Following Mastectomy With and Without Immediate Reconstruction Using Private Insurer Claims Data

  • Margaret A. Olsen, Katelin B. Nickel, Ida K. Fox, Julie A. Margenthaler, Kelly E. Ball, Daniel Mines, Anna E. Wallace, Victoria J. Fraser
  • Journal:
    Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 36 / Issue 8 / August 2015
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    03 June 2015, pp. 907-914
    Print publication:
    August 2015
  • OBJECTIVE

    The National Healthcare Safety Network classifies breast operations as clean procedures with an expected 1%–2% surgical site infection (SSI) incidence. We assessed differences in SSI incidence following mastectomy with and without immediate reconstruction in a large, geographically diverse population.

    DESIGN

    Retrospective cohort study

    PATIENTS

    Commercially insured women aged 18–64 years with ICD-9-CM procedure or CPT-4 codes for mastectomy from January 1, 2004 through December 31, 2011

    METHODS

    Incident SSIs within 180 days after surgery were identified by ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes. The incidences of SSI after mastectomy with and without immediate reconstruction were compared using the χ2 test.

    RESULTS

    From 2004 to 2011, 18,696 mastectomy procedures among 18,085 women were identified, with immediate reconstruction in 10,836 procedures (58%). The incidence of SSI within 180 days following mastectomy with or without reconstruction was 8.1% (1,520 of 18,696). In total, 49% of SSIs were identified within 30 days post-mastectomy, 24.5% were identified 31–60 days post-mastectomy, 10.5% were identified 61–90 days post-mastectomy, and 15.7% were identified 91–180 days post-mastectomy. The incidences of SSI were 5.0% (395 of 7,860) after mastectomy only, 10.3% (848 of 8,217) after mastectomy plus implant, 10.7% (207 of 1,942) after mastectomy plus flap, and 10.3% (70 of 677) after mastectomy plus flap and implant (P<.001). The SSI risk was higher after bilateral compared with unilateral mastectomy with immediate reconstruction (11.4% vs 9.4%, P=.001) than without (6.1% vs 4.7%, P=.021) immediate reconstruction.

    CONCLUSIONS

    SSI incidence was twice that after mastectomy with immediate reconstruction than after mastectomy alone. Only 49% of SSIs were coded within 30 days after operation. Our results suggest that stratification by procedure type facilitates comparison of SSI rates after breast operations between facilities.

    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015;36(8):907–914

  • Current Status of Cannabis Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis with an Illustrative Case Presentation of a Patient with MS, Complex Vocal Tics, Paroxysmal Dystonia, and Marijuana Dependence Treated with Dronabinol

  • Stephen I. Deutsch, Richard B. Rosse, Julie M. Connor, Jessica A. Burket, Mary E. Murphy, Fiona J. Fox
  • Journal:
    CNS Spectrums / Volume 13 / Issue 5 / May 2008
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    07 November 2014, pp. 393-403

  • Pain, spasticity, tremor, spasms, poor sleep quality, and bladder and bowel dysfunction, among other symptoms, contribute significantly to the disability and impaired quality of life of many patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Motor symptoms referable to the basal ganglia, especially paroxysmal dystonia, occur rarely and contribute to the experience of distress. A substantial percentage of patients with MS report subjective benefit from what is often illicit abuse of extracts of the Cannabis sativa plant; the main cannabinoids include delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol. Clinical trials of cannabis plant extracts and synthetic Δ9-THC provide support for therapeutic benefit on at least some patient self-report measures. An illustrative case is presented of a 52-year-old woman with MS, paroxysmal dystonia, complex vocal tics, and marijuana dependence. The patient was started on an empirical trial of dronabinol, an encapsulated form of synthetic Δ9-THC that is usually prescribed as an adjunctive medication for patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy. The patient reported a dramatic reduction of craving and illicit use; she did not experience the “high” on the prescribed medication. She also reported an improvement in the quality of her sleep with diminished awakenings during the night, decreased vocalizations, and the tension associated with their emission, decreased anxiety and a decreased frequency of paroxysmal dystonia.

  • The State of Evidence-Based Care in Long-Term Care Institutions: A Provincial Survey*

  • Julie Richardson, Julie Moreland, Pat Fox
  • Journal:
    Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement / Volume 20 / Issue 3 / Automne/Fall 2001
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 November 2010, pp. 357-372

  • A provincial survey was undertaken in Ontario, Canada concerning the prevalence of the use of practice guidelines in chronic care and long-term care facilities and the opinions of staff about the clinical conditions or problems important for developing clinical practice guidelines and the factors that promote change in clinical practice. Five hundred and fifty surveys were sent out and 306 returned from two mailings. Forty per cent of the facilities were aware of evidence-based guidelines while only 21.6 per cent were using them. They were being used most in government-funded agencies, then in acute care facilities with chronic care beds and nursing homes and least in non-government funded agencies. The clinical problems which agencies felt were important for guideline development were behavioural problems, continence, feeding problems and problems with skin care. The results of this survey have implications for funding of these institutions as well as for identifying the situations where evidence is needed for future care and where it is presently available but not being utilized and understanding the reasons for this approach to practice.