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17 results

Imaging Biomarkers in Epilepsy
  • Edited by Andrea Bernasconi, Neda Bernasconi, Matthias Koepp
  • Published online:
    07 January 2019
    Print publication:
    10 January 2019
  • Epilepsy is a prevalent and serious neurological disorder. This vital textbook addresses the role of neuroimaging as a unique tool to provide in vivo biomarkers aimed at furthering our understanding of causes and consequences of epilepsy in a day-to-day clinical context. Unique in its approach, this translational book presents a critical appraisal of advanced pre-clinical biomarkers that allows capturing epileptogenesis at molecular, cellular, and neuronal system levels. The book is divided into four sections. Part I includes a series of chapters focused on imaging of early disease stages. Part II discusses lesion detection and network analysis methods. Part III focuses on imaging methods used to predict response to antiepileptic drugs and surgery. Finally, Part IV presents imaging techniques used to evaluate disease consequence.

  • Chapter 99 - Primary reading epilepsy

  • from Section 4 - Provoked epilepsies
  • Edited by Simon D. Shorvon, Frederick Andermann, Renzo Guerrini
  • Book:
    The Causes of Epilepsy
    Published online:
    05 March 2012
    Print publication:
    14 April 2011, pp 700-703

  • Summary

    The primary-specific variety is the only reflex syndrome accepted by the Commission on Classification and Terminology of the International League against Epilepsy as an age-related idiopathic localization-related epilepsy syndrome (ILAE). Ictally, reading epilepsy (RE) is characterized by evoked paroxysmal rhythmic theta activity or spikes over either one or both frontocentral, centroparietal, or temporoparietal regions in spite of the rather uniform clinical correlates. Functional neuroimaging, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET), allows the localization of changes in cerebral blood flow, metabolism, and neurotransmitter levels that accompany changes in neural activity. The introduction of more effective treatment with valproate in the 1970s, and more recently levetiracetam, for many similar seizure disorders and the subsequent widespread use of these medications may have deterred physicians from asking about triggering factors and patients from volunteering such information.