Inappropriate diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) contribute to antibiotic overuse. The Inappropriate Diagnosis of UTI (ID-UTI) measure uses a standard definition of asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) and was validated in large hospitals. Critical access hospitals (CAHs) have different resources which may make ASB stewardship challenging. To address this inequity, we adapted the ID-UTI metric for use in CAHs and assessed the adapted measure’s feasibility, validity, and reliability.

Retrospective observational study

10 CAHs

From October 2022 to July 2023, CAHs submitted clinical information for adults admitted or discharged from the emergency department who received antibiotics for a positive urine culture. Feasibility of case submission was assessed as the number of CAHs achieving the goal of 59 cases. Validity (sensitivity/specificity) and reliability of the ID-UTI definition were assessed by dual-physician review of a random sample of submitted cases.

Among 10 CAHs able to participate throughout the study period, only 40% (4/10) submitted >59 cases (goal); an additional 3 submitted >35 cases (secondary goal). Per the ID-UTI metric, 28% (16/58) of cases were ASB. Compared to physician review, the ID-UTI metric had 100% specificity (ie all cases called ASB were ASB on clinical review) but poor sensitivity (48.5%; ie did not identify all ASB cases). Measure reliability was high (93% [54/58] agreement).

Similar to measure performance in non-CAHs, the ID-UTI measure had high reliability and specificity—all cases identified as ASB were considered ASB—but poor sensitivity. Though feasible for a subset of CAHs, barriers remain.

Being married may protect late-life cognition. Less is known about living arrangement among unmarried adults and mechanisms such as brain health (BH) and cognitive reserve (CR) across race and ethnicity or sex/gender. The current study examines (1) associations between marital status, BH, and CR among diverse older adults and (2) whether one’s living arrangement is linked to BH and CR among unmarried adults.

Cross-sectional data come from the Washington Heights-Inwood Columbia Aging Project (N = 778, 41% Hispanic, 33% non-Hispanic Black, 25% non-Hispanic White; 64% women). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers of BH included cortical thickness in Alzheimer’s disease signature regions and hippocampal, gray matter, and white matter hyperintensity volumes. CR was residual variance in an episodic memory composite after partialing out MRI markers. Exploratory analyses stratified by race and ethnicity and sex/gender and included potential mediators.

Marital status was associated with CR, but not BH. Compared to married individuals, those who were previously married (i.e., divorced, widowed, and separated) had lower CR than their married counterparts in the full sample, among White and Hispanic subgroups, and among women. Never married women also had lower CR than married women. These findings were independent of age, education, physical health, and household income. Among never married individuals, living with others was negatively linked to BH.

Marriage may protect late-life cognition via CR. Findings also highlight differential effects across race and ethnicity and sex/gender. Marital status could be considered when assessing the risk of cognitive impairment during routine screenings.

The harmful consumption of alcohol is known for how tortuous its management can be in mental health, encouraging introspection of it as a serious problem is perhaps the main key to starting to battle against its damaging influence on the development of a functional and full life.

To describe a clinical case showing an unpredictible complication in an alcohol detoxification process.

54-year-old man, native of Cádiz, widowed for half a decade, without children. He resides with his parents in the family home. Currently unemployed for approximately a year. He has previously worked in the IT sector. As a notable somatic history, we found long-established arterial hypertension and a total hip replacement. He has been under irregular follow-up with a mental health team for anxiety-depressive symptoms in the context of grief. He goes to the emergency service brought by his family to begin the detoxification process in the hospital setting. He acknowledges ethanol consumption since he was widowed, which began when he awakes; quantities that ranged between one or up to three bottles of distilled liquor per day, generally consumption is in the home environment. A little less than a year ago, he began to isolate himself in his room and abandon his self-care, eating increasingly insufficient food intake, refusing to receive professional care to quit the habit, mainly because he did not recognize it as disruptive.

The patient was admitted to hospital with symptoms suggestive of withdrawal, making it extremely difficult to control blood pressure levels. On the third day of admission to the acute care unit, fever peaks, blood pressure levels well below normal parameters, and compromised level of consciousness began to be evident.

Blood tests were performed that, together with the clinical picture, suggested imminent septic shock, so critical care was contacted for transfer and stabilization. A germ of probable urinary etiology sensitive to a broad spectrum of antibiotics was isolated in blood cultures, and the medication of the detoxification process was progressively optimized. Once clinical stability was achieved at all levels, an inpatient cessation resource was managed, which the patient accepted and considered suitable for his complete recovery.

A holistic approach to the alcoholic patient is important, since serious problems of an organic nature often arise. This is why a multidisciplinary intervention is necessary, as well as a holistic approach to care, involving both classic pharmacology and assiduous long-term psychotherapeutic intervention.

None Declared

Health Psychology is aggregated to clinical studies providing physicians, nurses, and psychotherapists with psychodynamics of sick persons, facilitating interpersonal relationships and greater adherence to treatments. How do people deal with illness and treatment from what they symbolize in experiences of becoming ill? Watch & Wait Protocol for patients with rectal cancer is an active surveillance as an alternative approach in surgical medical management. Patients are followed with physical examinations, endoscopy, and imaging. Observation carried out through periodic examinations aims to avoid surgery stage while rectal cancer is maintained.

To interpret emotional meanings attributed by patients, after adhering to the W&W protocol for rectal cancer, to life experiences of watching and waiting for the disease course.

Clinical-Qualitative Method (Turato. Portuguese Psychos. J, 2000 2(1): 93-108). For data collection, the first author used Semi-Directed Interview with Open-ended Questions In-Depth and Field Notes, after acculturation. Sample closed by information saturation (Fontanella et al. Cad Saude Publica. 2008; 24(1): 17-27). Interviews conducted by the first author, a female psychologist. We employed the Seven Steps of the Clinical-Qualitative Content Analysis (Faria-Schützer et al. Cien Saude Colet. 2021; 26(1): 265-274) to construct categories. Theoretical framework was the Balintian Medical Psychology. Findings were validated by peer reviewers from Lab of Clinical-Qualitative Research.

Sample had 10 patients, 3 female and 7 male, from 52 to 77 years. Interviews carried out from October 2022 to March 2023. We constructed 03 categories: 1) Fate out of hands - “I get sick just coming in here.” There is an apprehension experienced in each medical evaluation to check the clinical condition because the symbol of waiting is not having the own destiny in the hands. 2) Psychic defence - “Sometimes I even thought if I had to live on a grant for the rest of my life or die!” Imagining the worst is a psychic defence because if this probability occurs, the mind has already begun its elaboration. 3) Life upside down - “I was going to have the surgery, use a bag, my life was going to be upside down.” Anxiety generated by waiting is a mental disorganizing.

Attitudes of observing and waiting carry different symbolisms to those who work with scientific thinking and who experience the observation of their own disease and the wait for what conduct they will receive. Observing oneself in illness requires acceleration of changes in ego identity. Waiting in front of illness asks the ego to think the worst. It is not a volitional choice. Preparing for the worst is a defensive necessity in the emotional sphere to avoid surprises that take to mental rupture.

None Declared

A 28 year old patient will be presented. This paramilitary man was brought to the Emergency Room due to an autolytic attempt with Benzodiazepines, along with a mouth suture, in the context of a soon to be resolved problematic ankle osteosynthesis procedure. The patient claimed to be suffering pain, furthermore struggling due to the fact he could not be working due to his ankle issue. Language barrier was a problem during the interview.

The objetives of this case is to try to explain the issues that may arise in patients with personality disorders in the context of an autolytic attempt

This patient will be presented, along with systematic bibliography review of the topic.

The following results were extracted upon the attention given to this patient which was admitted to the Psychiatric Unit.

First of all, the mouth stitches were removed, along with a petition for toxicological analysis. The results gave positive for cannabis and benzodiazepines. The patient was also brought previously this year with another autolytic attempt, this time on cocaine consumption too. Furthermore, a thorough review was made of the other autolytic attempts, including those which happened in his country of origin. The patient has hundreds of small cuts among his arms, from previews cuts made in the past. Furthermore, subcutaneous wounds were auto inflicted in the ER, with a small blade.

Among the whole interview, it was clear he had a personality disorder, with high impulsivity levels and lack of control once the situation overflows.

We also tried to understand the outcome of suturing his mouth. The patient referred his acts of impulsiveness due to his overwhelming situation of both having no job at this moment and the pain he was suffering due to his ankle procedure.

The patient was admitted to our Unit due to the high risk he could repeat this act. Upon arrival, the same day he was admitted, the patient asked if he had to stay at the unit. When explaining the following already told event, furthermore insisting in the possibility of been evaluated by the Traumatology team, he proceeded to try and hang himself with his medical-hospital clothing.

The patient was treated with antipsychotics. Along with Lormetazepam at night. At the end of the hospitalization, and after been evaluated by the Psychiatrist of this Unit, the patient was also treated with Lithium due to its effectiveness in the treatment of autolytic attempts.

Personality disorders are one of the psychiatric pathologies that prevail with greater frequency in autolytic attempts 1. Additionally, it should be taken into account the possible ongoing consumption of psychoactive drugs that could also derive in psychopathological decompensation. On top of the following, the use of antipsychotic treatment is indicated for the managing of conduction altercations 2, besides Lithium being a great option in managing suicidal temptations 3.

None Declared

An increased risk of suicide has been reported by psychiatric patients, including schizophrenia1. Numerous evidence suggests alterations in the grade of pro-inflammatory impact on suicidal behavior2, and this relation has been shown in patients with mood or anxious disorders3,4. However, the grade of inflammation impact suicidal behavior in patients with schizophrenia has hardly been investigated.

Identify peripheral blood biomarkers of suicidal behavior in patients with schizophrenia, including inflammatory and lipid profile parameters.

Secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study. Sample: 254 patients with schizophrenia, aged 18-72. Assessments: ad-hoc demographic and clinical questionnaire, PANSS, CDS, CAINS, PSP. Inflammatory and lipid parameters: C-reactive protein (PCR), interleukin 6 (IL-6); high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceridaemia (TG). Statistical analysis: Correlations, T Student, U Mann-Withney and lineal regression.

Mean age: 40.49 (13.10). Men: 64.2%.

No statistically significant differences were found between patients with suicide attempts and those without in any of the inflammatory or lipid parameters (p>0.05). However, differences were found in terms of suicide attempts (yes/no) in the PANSS negative (T=-2.217; p=0.028) and PANSS general psychopathy (T=-4.224; p< 0.001), in depressive symptoms (T =-6.967; p< 0.001), and the MAP subscale of the CAINS (T= -3.741; p<0.001).

Among patients with suicide attempts (n=42; 16.52% of the sample) (mean=1.90; sd=1.73; Range:1-7), statistically significant correlations were found with PCR (r=0.309; p=0.046), but not with cytokines and lipid parameters. On the other hand, no correlations were found with age, sex, length of illness, and any of the clinical scales.

A multiple linear regression was performed considering the number of suicide attempts as the dependent variable and as independent variables, age, sex, and those that were significant in the bivariate analysis (PCR).

A predictive model was found that explains 9.60% of the variance of number of suicide attempts (F = 4.224; p < 0.001). The variable that entered the model was PCR (β= 0.309; p=0.046).

The increase in inflammation (manifested by the elevation of PCR) is related to an increase in the number of suicides. On the contrary, no correlations were found with lipid parameters or interleukins.

None Declared

Schizotypal personality is a condition suffered by 4% of the population. It is defined by presenting interpersonal, behavioral and perceptual features similar to the clinical features of psychotic disorders, such as schizophrenia, in less intensity and dysfunctionality, but at risk of reaching psychosis.

Presentation of a clinical case about a patient with premorbid schizotypal personality traits presenting with an acute psychotic episode.

Literature review on association between schizotypal personality and psychosis.

A 57-year-old woman with a history of adaptive disorder due to work problems 13 years ago, currently without psychopharmacological treatment, goes to the emergency room brought by the emergency services due to behavioral alteration. She reports that “her husband and son wanted to sexually abuse her”, so she had to run away from home and has been running through the streets of the town without clothes and barefoot.

Her husband relates attitude alterations and extravagant behaviors of years of evolution, such as going on diets of eating only bread for 40 days or talking about exoteric and religious subjects, as believing that the devil got inside her husband through a dental implant. He reports that these behaviors have been accentuated during the last month. She has also created a tarot website, and has even had discussions with several users. She is increasingly suspicious of him, has stopped talking to him and stays in his room all day long, with unmotivated laughter and soliloquies.

It was decided to admit him to Psychiatry and risperidone 4 mg was started. At the beginning, she was suspicious and reticent in the interview. As the days went by, communication improved, she showed a relaxed gesture and distanced herself from the delirious ideation, criticizing the episode.

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in understanding the association between schizotypy and serious mental disorder. Several theories understand schizotypy as a natural continuum of personality that reveals genetic vulnerability and that can lead to psychotic disorder when added to precipitating factors. Other theories define schizotypy as a “latent schizophrenia” where symptoms are contained and expressed in less intensity.

Around 20% evolves to paranoid schizophrenia or other serious mental disorders. It is complex to distinguish between those individuals in whom schizotypy is a prodrome and those in whom it is a stable personality trait. To date, studies applying early psychotherapeutic or pharmacological interventions have had insufficient and contradictory results, and the follow-up and treatment of these individuals could be a stress factor and a stigma. Some studies are looking for reliable markers of evolution to schizophrenia in order to establish adequate protocols for detention, follow-up and treatment.

None Declared

Conversive disorder is characterised by the presence of one or more involuntary neurological symptoms that are not due to a clear medical pathology. On the other hand, consciously simulated illnesses fall into two diagnostic categories: factitious disorders and malingering, which are differentiated by both the motivation for the behaviour and the awareness of that motivation. Factitious disorder behaviours are motivated by an unconscious need to assume the sick role, whereas malingering behaviours are consciously driven to achieve external secondary gains.

Study of the differences between conversion disorder and factitious disorder and their repercussions from a case of difficult diagnosis.

Bibliographic review of scientific literature based on a relevant clinical case.

We present the case of a 14-year-old male patient. Adoptive parents. Studying in high school. Social difficulties since childhood. He comes to the emergency department on several occasions referring stereotyped movements and motor tics in the four extremities with left cervical lateralization. Increase of these symptoms in the last month, so it was decided to admit him to the pediatric hospital. After observation and study of the patient’s movements with normal complementary tests he should return home. The following day he returned to the emergency department after an episode of dizziness, mutism and emotional block. It was decided to admit him to Psychiatry for behavioral observation and differential diagnosis.

In the assessment of patients it is essential to make an appropriate diagnosis taking into account the patient’s symptomatology and the patient’s background and life context. Conversion disorder is the unintentional production of neurological symptom, whereas malingering and factitious disorder represent the voluntary production of symptoms with internal or external incentives. They have a close history and this has been frequently confounded. Practitioners are often confronted to medically unexplained symptoms; they represent almost 30% of neurologist’s consultation. The first challenge is to detect them, and recent studies have confirmed the importance of “positive” clinical bedside signs based on incoherence and discordance. Multidisciplinary therapy is recommended with behavioral cognitive therapy, antidepressant to treat frequent comorbid anxiety or depression, and physiotherapy. Factitious disorder and malingering should be clearly delineated from conversion disorder. Factitious disorder should be considered as a mental illness and more research on its physiopathology and treatment is needed, when malingering is a non-medical condition encountered in medico-legal cases.

None Declared

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) are bacterial metabolites that, within microbiome-gut-brain axis, make a promising research line on etiopathology of mental diseases like schizophrenia (SZ) and major depression disorder. Besides, depressive symptoms are frequent clinical features of SZ.

• - Describe fecal SCFA concentrations in SZ patients.

• - Analyze differences in SCFA depending on:

• - Depression.

• - Clinical severity, antipsychotics and antidepressants, comorbidities (pro-inflammatory state/obesity/metabolic syndrome [MetS]), lifestyle.

Cross-sectional study of 67 outpatients [mean age=43.52±12.42, range=22-67; males=40 (59.7%)] with diagnosis (DSM-5) of SZ recruited from their mental health clinics in Oviedo (Spain).

• - Assessment:

• - Fecal SCFA (gas chromatography;μg/mL).

• - Plasmatic C-reactive protein (CPR;mg/dL).

• - PANSS, Calgary Depression (CDS), International Physical Activity (IPAQ), Mediterranean Diet Adherence (MEDAS).

• - Toxic habits (alcohol use/smoking/cannabis).

• - Chlorpromazine equivalent doses (CPZ-ED), use of antidepressants.

• - MetS (ATP-III), body mass index (BMI; kg/cm2).

• - Statistics: Spearman correlation, U Mann-Whitney, ANCOVA.

14 patients showed clinical depression (CDS≥5). There were no differences in age or sex between groups. 36 patients (53.7%) showed systemic low-grade inflammation (CPR≥0.3mg/dL) and 32 (30.8%) MetS.Table 1 shows fecal SCFA levels by depressive state. Means (SD) are ahown.Table 1

Correlations were found in Age with Butyrate (r=-0.248,p=0.043) and weekly alcohol units with Propanoate (r=0.250,p=0.041) plus trend to significance with Butyrate (r=0.232,p=0.059). It also showed a trend towards statistical relation for CPZ-ED with Propanoate (r=-0.253,p=0.039) and Total SCFA (r=-0.253,p=0.039). We found no correlation in SCFA with MetS, CGI, PANSS-N, BMI, IPAQ, MEDAS and other toxic habits.

ANCOVA was performed to Acetate and Total SCFA using depression state as independent variable and Age and CPZ-ED as covariates. There was a trend towards statistical significance for Acetate (F=3.937,p=0.052,η2=0.059) whereas Total SCFA showed no difference (F=1.350,p=2.250,η2=0.021).

There seems to be lower levels of fecal Acetate in SZ patients with depressive symptoms, considering age and antipsychotic intake. In our sample there was no relation between SFCA and clinical severity, lifestyle, comorbidities or antidepressant use.

None Declared

Hydroxychloroquine, an antimalarial drug, is an important therapeutic tool in the management of rheumatic diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) due to its anti-inflammatory action. SLE is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease that affects the connective tissue of multiple organs. Neuropsychiatric disturbances in SLE are common; however, lupus psychosis is rare, occurring in 2 to 11% of patients. The literature has described the emergence of neuropsychiatric symptoms as an adverse effect of hydroxychloroquine use, with some patients experiencing clinical depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and psychotic symptoms.

The aim of this work is to review the available evidence regarding neuropsychiatric symptoms secondary to the use of hydroxychloroquine.

The case of a 50-year-old woman diagnosed with SLE, with no other relevant medical history, has been evaluated. She was brought to the emergency department due to paranoid and persecutory ideas, as well as self-referentiality, coinciding with the introduction of hydroxychloroquine in her treatment. She was admitted to the University Hospital of Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín with a diagnostic orientation of a first psychotic episode.

The presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients diagnosed with SLE is so common that they constitute a diagnostic criterion for the disease. On the other hand, the medications used for therapeutic management of this disease can lead to the emergence of new neuropsychiatric symptoms or exacerbate preexisting neuropsychiatric clinical manifestations.

The study of this case highlights the challenges in establishing a differential diagnosis between primary SLE symptoms that require an increase in hydroxychloroquine and those caused by its own treatment. It underscores the need for further studies to explore the risk of psychiatric symptoms associated with the use of hydroxychloroquine, as well as its impact on the course of underlying mental disorders.

None Declared

In clinical practice, significant delays in requesting help are observed in patients with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation.

The objective of this study was to determine factors associated with the time of untreated illness in a population with depressive disorder attending mental health for the first time in the area of Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid (HCUV).

Methods: This is an observational study including adult patients of both sexes, referred to their first mental health consultation from their Primary Care Physician, with a picture of depressive symptomatology associated with an identifiable stressor. Informed consent was obtained from the patients and authorized by the Ethics Committee of the HCUV. R Studio ® statistical analysis.

The degree of emotional confusion was quantified with item 1 (“I am often confused about the emotions I feel”) of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS). This item is scored ( 1-5 )from most severe (1) to least (5). On the other hand, the time in weeks between symptom onset to referral, age and symptom severity according to the Montgomery Scale (MADRS) were recorded.

Results: We present data collected in an initial sample of 278 treated patients, with a female predominance (68%), a MADRS severity score (18.05 ± 5.01) and a calculated time without treatment of 59.66 ± 62.26 weeks (Tables 1,2,3).

A subsample of 72 patients with death ideation was studied, with a female predominance (75%) compared to the overall sample (X2 =1.99, p = 0.1585) (Table 4).

It was also observed that death ideation was higher in younger patients (t = 3.18, p = 0.001907) and with a severe MADRS depression score (t = -7.92, p < 0.0001), however they took a similar length of time to receive mental health treatment (T student t = -1.6605, p = 0.099); (Table 5).

There is no previous published evidence that considers the timing of untreated symptoms. According to test statistics, there are differences in untreated symptom time considering gender and TAS score (Table 6).

Death ideation is a current health problem that deserves attention. In multivariate analysis models, an association with clinical and demographic factors has been found; however, there is up to 20% of the variation in prevalence that is not explained by the aforementioned factors. The factors that determine the time delay in seeking help (treatment delays) have not been studied so far.

In this study we observe how a single variable doesn’t explain the delay in the first visit. The interaction between age, gender, alexithymia and hypoprosexia explains the delay in seeking help, although symptom severity doesn’t seem to be related. These data suggest that unexplained causality in multivariate studies may be related to the interaction between clinical and neuropsychological factors.

None Declared

We present the case of a 48-year-old woman, a nurse, referred from the Internal Medicine department for evaluation of depressive symptoms and accompanying somatic presentation following COVID-19. The aim is to highlight a recently emerging condition that we are increasingly encountering in our clinics, which can complicate the diagnosis of an underlying affective disorder

Diagnosed with COVID-19, confirmed by a positive PCR test, 6 months ago following an infection in the workplace. The clinical picture consisted of mild symptoms, with a ten-day course and apparent resolution at the time of hospitalization. She returned to her work activities and gradually began to report fluctuating symptoms, including headaches, mild shortness of breath, fatigue, as well as a tingling sensation in the upper extremities, especially in the hands. Additionally, she described feelings of restlessness, depressive mood, and intense fatigue. In additional tests: (CT-Scan) there are signs of mild bilateral lower lung fibrosis.

Treatment with Duloxetine was initiated for a case of depressive symptoms with accompanying physical symptoms. The differential diagnosis considered Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode, and Adjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood.”

We are facing a clear case of depressive clinic that may have endogenous features, if we adhere to criteria such as those in the DSM-5, as it would meet the criteria for Major Depressive Disorder, Single Episode. However, we have a clearly identified trigger, so we also need to perform a differential diagnosis, primarily with Adjustment Disorder with Depressed Mood: here, the symptoms appear within 3 months following the stressful agent (in this case, SARS-CoV-2 infection). Unlike Major Depressive Episode, once the agent has ceased, the symptoms do not persist beyond 6 months (which we do not know because the physical symptoms causing disability have not disappeared).In addition to purely psychiatric diagnoses that we are accustomed to, we must consider a new diagnostic entity that is becoming more prevalent as the pandemic progresses, namely “long-covid” or persistent COVID.These are generally middle-aged women who, several months after infection, continue to manifest a multifactorial complex of symptoms. These symptoms persist over time, not only the classical ones but also many others that can appear during the ongoing course of the disease.

Beyond the purely psychiatric diagnoses we are accustomed to, we must also consider a new diagnostic entity that is becoming more prevalent as the pandemic continues to advance: Persistent COVID or ‘long-COVID.’ Generally, this condition affects middle-aged women who, several months after contracting the virus, continue to exhibit a multifactorial complex of symptoms. The most common symptoms include fatigue/asthenia (95.91%); general discomfort (95.47%); headaches (86.53%); and low mood (86.21%)

None Declared

Crisis resolution teams (CRTs) are a crucial component of mental health care, providing timely support to individuals experiencing acute mental health crises. This abstract delves into the concept of crisis and seeks to identify the patients who stand to benefit from these specialized services.

Defining crisis within the context of CRTs can be complex. It encompasses not only immediate emergencies but also broader mental health distress.

Research suggests that suitable candidates for CRT interventions are those facing acute mental health crises : This includes individuals experiencing suicidal ideation, severe agitation, or severe emotional distress.

La “Escala de Evaluación de Resolución de Crisis” (Crisis Resolution Team Assessment Tool, CRTAT) de Sonia Johnson es una herramienta diseñada para para medir la efectividad de los CRT y la duración de la intervención en crisis. Establece un límite de seis semanas como el período máximo durante el cual se debe ofrecer la atención en crisis.

Existen otras escalas de evaluación para medir la eficacia de la resolución de crisis:

1. 1. Escala de Intensidad de Crisis (CIS): se utiliza para medir la gravedad de la crisis y la necesidad de intervención inmediata.

2. 2. Escala de Evaluación de Crisis de Brage Hansen (BCES): se enfoca en la evaluación de crisis suicidas y evalúa la intensidad de la ideación suicida y la urgencia de la intervención.

3. 3. Escala de Evaluación de Crisis de Eriksson (ECAS): Diseñada para evaluar la intensidad de la crisis en pacientes psiquiátricos, la ECAS se centra en la agitación, la ansiedad y la angustia emocional.

- Studies have explored the effectiveness of CRTs and the perspectives of service users. Understanding how patients perceive crisis and CRT services is crucial for tailoring interventions effectively.

- CRTs play a vital role in mental health care, offering timely support to individuals experiencing crises. While defining crisis is complex, suitable candidates often include those in acute distress requiring immediate intervention. Understanding the perspectives of service users and the diverse nature of crisis experiences informs effective crisis resolution strategies.

None Declared

Pregnancy is a high-risk period for major affective disorders and can lead to a destabilizing period for our patients. Standard pharmacological strategies must be carefully evaluated due to potential teratogenic or side effects. We present a case of bipolar disorder type I with challenging-to-control maniac episodes during pregnancy, which has required Electroconvulsive Therapy for its management.

Presenting maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) as a safe and effective therapeutic strategy during pregnancy, with the presentation of a case in which it has been administered every 3 weeks from the second trimester until the baby’s birth at 37 weeks

This concerns a 28-year-old immigrant woman, married, with a 10-year-old child. She was diagnosed with bipolar disorder type I at the age of 16 when she experienced her first manic episode in her country of origin. Subsequently, during her first pregnancy, she required hospitalization for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatment, with a positive response after a single session. She remained stable for several years without maintenance pharmacological treatment or follow-up until the ninth week of her second pregnancy when she experienced a manic episode requiring hospitalization.

She was initially treated with Olanzapine and Lorazepam with a positive response, but three weeks later, she was readmitted with a similar episode. These decompensations occurred almost monthly, leading to the consideration of introducing mood stabilizers after the first trimester. However, due to the patient’s severe hyperemesis gravidarum, this stabilizing treatment was ruled out due to the difficulty in controlling its blood levels and the associated risk of intoxication. During the fifth admission at the 20th week of gestation, the decision was made to initiate ECT treatment, which yielded an excellent response and subsequent maintenance.

The indications for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) during pregnancy are the same as in the rest of adult patients. In individuals with a psychiatric history, it is possible for a relapse of mental illness to occur during pregnancy, although the risk is considerably higher during the postpartum period. ECT is considered an effective and safe treatment option in all three trimesters of pregnancy and the postpartum period. During the informed consent process, patients should be informed about the potential impact of ECT as well as alternative treatment options.

None Declared

There is a growing interest in understanding the impact of duty hours and resting times on training outcomes and the well-being of resident physicians. Psychiatry resident’s duty hours in Spain comprise a regular working schedule of 37.5h per week and a minimum of 4 mandatory on-call shifts. The most recent duty hours regulations in Spain were transposed from the European Working Time Directive (EWTD). According to Spanish Law, doctors cannot work for more than 48h per week and need to have resting times per day (at least 12h), per week (at least 36h) as well as annual leave (at least a month). However, there is practically no data on this situation in psychiatry resident physicians.

Our aim is firstly, to describe the number of shifts performed by psychiatry resident physicians in Spain. Secondly, to describe compliance with the daily and weekly rests compared to those set in national and European law. Finally, to analyse the difference by demographic variables (gender and year of residency), in both the number of on-call duty shifts and compliance with rests.

A descriptive cross-sectional study was designed through an online survey adapted from the existing literature. The target population were Spanish psychiatry resident physicians undergoing PGT who started their specialist training during the years 2018–2021. The survey was disseminated through the Spanish regional medical councils to all active psychiatry resident physicians by mail as well as through informal communication channels. The study was authorised by the Spanish Medical Organization’s General Assembly which is the highest ethical and deontological body of physicians in Spain.

55 responses were obtained, of which 61.82% identified as females. The mean number of on-call shifts in the last 3 months was 14.05. This mean was highest in women 14,32 and in the cohort of 2020 15.46 (first year of residency). Among the resident physicians surveyed, 66.07% exceeded the 48h per week limit set by the EWTD and 7% of them did not rest after a 24-h on-call shift. Furthermore, 22% of respondents did not have a day-off after a Saturday on-call shift. The mean working hours when not resting after an on-call-shift were 7 hours. The comparison by gender and year of residency of the main variables can be seen in figures 1 and 2 respectively.

Image:

Image 2:

Psychiatry resident physicians in Spain greatly exceed the established 48 h/week EWTD limit. Likewise, non-compliance with labour regulations regarding mandatory rest after on-call duty and minimum weekly rest periods are observed. Differences can be seen by gender and year of residency. The situation described could potentially create a high-risk situation for the health and psychosocial well-being of resident physicians, hinder learning outcomes and could lead to suboptimal patient care.

None Declared