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Building on a recent publication (Stoett & Omrow, 2021) this edited volume is intended primarily as a contribution to the evolving field that we will refer to as ecoviolence studies. The field covers a wide variety of themes, challenges, questions, issues, policy designs, and theoretical implications. While the term ecoviolence had gained some popularity in a limited fashion in the 1980s and 1990s, referring primarily to violence that erupts over conflicts related to natural resources – in particular, access to resources contested along sectarian grounds – we use it in much broader fashion and argue that its resurgence as a field of social science is as timely as it is unfortunate. The threats to planetary health that animate activists and state diplomats alike today – the interconnected climate, biodiversity, and pollution crises, amongst other manifestations of modern capitalism and colonial histories as well as contemporary paths to violence – are violent affairs.
Ecoviolence, defined broadly as the intersection between human-human exploitation and the destruction of nature, is one of the defining features of our time. This book collects ten case studies examining the intersection between the exploitation of human beings and environmental harm. Topics discussed include the wildlife trade, ecoviolence at sea, natural resource exploitation in Latin America and Africa, human trafficking induced by extreme weather events, climate change-related language death, and the confluence of drug cartels and environmental destruction. The book argues that Ecoviolence Studies has emerged as an expanded, multidisciplinary field in its own right, and that policy responses and the search for environmental and social justice should reflect accumulated knowledge in this area. It is an insightful volume for researchers and graduate students working in green criminology, Earth system governance, environmental politics, human rights, environmental and international law, and related areas.
The author highlights that trade in endangered species is one of the most pernicious forms of transnational environmental crime, involving several layers of participants and facilitated by systemic corruption. The CITES permits states to take pre-emptory actions to curtail this trade, yet it persists. The intervention of INTERPOL in the trade reflects the difficulties states experience in CITES enforcement, but the author questions whether it is an effective approach to this transnational environmental crime. He summarizes, analyzes and evaluates the current role of INTERPOL’s Project Predator (focused on Asian large cats) and Project Wisdom (focused on elephants and rhinoceros), two ongoing efforts to curb illegal wildlife trade. While there are many challenges to the success of these projects, the author suggests these are a necessary spoke in the evolving wheel of global environmental governance.