Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
  1. Home
  2. Search

Refine search

Refine search

Access:
Content type:
Publication date:
Apply   From and To filters
Subject: Show more
Journals Show more
Publishers: Show more
Societies Show more
Series: Show more
Collections: Show more

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
Cancel
×

40 results

Page 1 of 2

  • Prehospital Surgical Cricothyrotomy in a Ground-Based 9-1-1 EMS System: A Retrospective Review

  • Al Lulla, Robert Dickson, Michael Wells, Matthew Gilbert, Kelly Rogers Keene, Casey Patrick
  • Journal:
    Prehospital and Disaster Medicine / Volume 39 / Issue 4 / August 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    23 April 2024, pp. 291-294
    Print publication:
    August 2024
    • Article
      • You have access
    • PDF
    • HTML
    • Export citation
  • Background:

    Airway management is a cornerstone in the prehospital care of critically ill or injured patients. Surgical cricothyrotomy offers a rapid and effective solution when oxygenation and ventilation fail using less-invasive techniques. However, the exact indications, incidence, and success of prehospital surgical cricothyrotomy are unknown, with variable rates reported in the literature. This study aimed to examine prehospital indications and success rates for surgical cricothyrotomy within a large, suburban, ground-based Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system.

    Methods:

    This is a retrospective analysis of 31 patients who underwent paramedic performed surgical cricothyrotomy from 2012 through 2022. Key demographic parameters were analyzed, including the incidence of cardiac arrest, call type (trauma versus medical), initial airway management attempts, number of endotracheal intubation (ETI) attempts before surgical airway, and average time to the establishment of a surgical airway in relation to the number of ETI attempts. Surgical cricothyrotomy success was defined as the acquisition of four-phase end-tidal capnography reading. The primary data sources were the EMS electronic medical records, and descriptive statistics were calculated.

    Results:

    A total of 31 patients were included in the final analysis. Of those who received a surgical cricothyrotomy, 42% (13/31) occurred in the trauma setting, while 58% (18/31) were medical calls. In all patients who underwent surgical cricothyrotomy, the median (IQR) time to the procedure was 17 minutes (IQR = 11-24). In trauma patients, the median time to surgical cricothyrotomy was 12 minutes (IQR = 9-19) versus 19 minutes (IQR = 14-33) in medical patients. End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) detection and placement success was confirmed in 94% (29/31) of patients. Endotracheal intubation was attempted in 55% (17/31) before subsequent surgical cricothyrotomy, with 29% (9/31) receiving more than one ETI attempt. The median time to surgical cricothyrotomy when multiple prior intubation attempts occurred was 33 minutes (IQR = 23-36) compared to 14.5 minutes (IQR = 6-19) in patients without a preceding intubation attempt.

    Conclusion:

    Prehospital surgical airway can be performed by paramedics with a high degree of success. Identification of the need for surgical cricothyrotomy should be determined as soon as possible to allow for rapid securement of the airway and to ensure adequate oxygenation and ventilation.

New South African Review
  • A fragile democracy – Twenty years on
  • Volume 4
  • Edited by Gilbert M. Khadiagala, Prishani Naidoo, Devan Pillay, Roger Southall
  • Published by:
    Wits University Press
    Published online:
    21 April 2018
    Print publication:
    31 March 2014
  • The death of Nelson Mandela on 5 December 2013 was in a sense a wake-up call for South Africans, and a time to reflect on what has been achieved since ‘those magnificent days in late April 1994’ (as the editors of this volume put it) ‘when South Africans of all colours voted for the first time in a democratic election’. In a time of recall and reflection it is important to take account, not only of the dramatic events that grip the headlines, but also of other signposts that indicate the shape and characteristics of a society. The New South African Review looks, every year, at some of these signposts, and the essays in this fourth volume of the series again examine and analyse a broad spectrum of issues affecting the country. They tackle topics as diverse as the state of organised labour; food retailing; electricity generation; access to information; civil courage; the school system; and – looking outside the country to its place in the world – South Africa’s relationships with north-east Asia, with Israel and with its neighbours in the southern African region. Taken together, these essays give a multidimensional perspective on South Africa’s democracy as it turns twenty, and will be of interest to general readers while being particularly useful to students and researchers.

New South African Review 5
  • Beyond Marikana
  • Volume 5
  • Edited by Gilbert M. Khadiagala, Prishani Naidoo, Devan Pillay, Roger Southall
  • Published by:
    Wits University Press
    Published online:
    21 April 2018
    Print publication:
    31 December 2015
  • This fifth volume in the New South African Review series takes as its starting point the shock wave emanating from the events at Marikana on 16 August 2012 and how it has reverberated throughout politics and society. Some of the chapters in the volume refer directly to Marikana. In others, the infl uence of that fateful day is pervasive if not direct. Marikana has, for instance, made us look differently at the police and at how order is imposed on society. Monique Marks and David Bruce write that the massacre ‘has come to hold a central place in the analysis of policing, and broader political events since 2012’.The chapters highlight a range of current concerns – political, economic and social. David Dickinson’s chapter looks at the life of the poor in a township from within. In contrast, the chapter on foreign policy by Garth le Pere analyses South Africa’s approach to international relations in the Mandela, Mbeki and Zuma eras. Anthony Turton’s account, ‘When gold mining ends’ is a chilling forecast of an impending environmental catastrophe. Both Devan Pillay and Noor Nieftagodien focus attention on the left and, in different ways, ascribe its rise to a new politics in the wake of Marikana.The essays in NSAR 5: Beyond Marikana present a range of topics and perspectives of interest to general readers, but the book will also be a useful work of reference for students and researchers.

New South African Review 6
  • The Crisis of Inequality
  • Edited by Gilbert M. Khadiagala, Sarah Mosoetsa, Devan Pillay, Roger Southall
  • Published by:
    Wits University Press
    Published online:
    23 March 2018
    Print publication:
    01 January 2018
  • Despite the transition from apartheid to democracy, South Africa is the most unequal country in the world. Its extremes of wealth and poverty undermine intensifying struggles for a better life for all. The wide-ranging essays in this sixth volume of the New South African Review demonstrate how the consequences of inequality extend throughout society and the political economy, crippling the quest for social justice, polarising the politics, skewing economic outcomes and bringing devastating environmental consequences in their wake. Contributors survey the extent and consequences of inequality across fields as diverse as education, disability, agrarian reform, nuclear geography and small towns, and tackle some of the most difficult social, political and economic issues. How has the quest for greater equality affected progressive political discourse? How has inequality reproduced itself, despite best intentions in social policy, to the detriment of the poor and the historically disadvantaged? How have shifts in mining and the financialisation of the economy reshaped the contours of inequality? How does inequality reach into the daily social life of South Africans, and shape the way in which they interact? How does the extent and shape of inequality in South Africa compare with that of other major countries of the global South which themselves are notorious for their extremes of wealth and poverty? South African extremes of inequality reflect increasing inequality globally, and The Crisis of Inequality will speak to all those – general readers, policy makers, researchers and students – who are demanding a more equal world.

  • Preface

  • Edited by Gilbert M. Khadiagala, Prishani Naidoo, Devan Pillay, Roger Southall
  • Book:
    New South African Review 5
    Published by:
    Wits University Press
    Published online:
    21 April 2018
    Print publication:
    31 December 2015, pp ix-x

  • Summary

    Beyond Marikana, the fifth edition of the New South African Review, continues to present informed, scholarly discussion and debate about key issues animating the South African experience. Produced between January 2014 and May 2015, this particular volume was shaped largely around the contention that there are significant political shifts underway in South Africa today, with several chapters tracing their fault lines to the 2012 massacre by police of striking mineworkers in a place called Marikana.

    Although the third volume in the New South African Review series offered an analysis and critique of the various forces immediately implicated in the tragedy associated with Marikana, it could not have anticipated the kinds of political ructions that we have since witnessed, especially from within different parts of the African National Congress (ANC) Alliance. The fifth volume once again, then, consciously draws attention to Marikana, but this time asking what its effects and affects have been, and why it has had such an impact. In this way, Marikana becomes the starting point for a much broader discussion and debate about the potential for new political alliances and forms to emerge in the current context, a discussion that resonates globally in the wake of the political experiments of movements, such as Occupy Tahrir, Occupy Wall Street and the Spanish Indignados, and will hopefully continue in editions to come.

    New South African Review 5 also offers close analyses of contemporary developments with regard to other aspects of, and issues affecting, South African society – including corruption, the economy, the Constitution, and uranium poisoning as a by-product of the mining industry.

    This volume would not have been possible without the generosity of all its authors, to whom we are extremely grateful. Thanks must also go to the team at Wits University Press who continue to provide excellent guidance, assistance, skill and support to us as editors, and ensure that there is a final product for us to share. Particular thanks to the Dean of Humanities, Professor Ruksana Osman; Head of the School of Social Studies, Professor Shahid Vawda; and the Strategic Planning and Allocation of Resources Committee (Sparc) Fund for their ongoing support of the New South African Review.

Page 1 of 2