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  • Impact of sedentary behavior and emotional support on prenatal psychological distress and birth outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic

  • Alison E. Hipwell, Irene Tung, Phillip Sherlock, Xiaodan Tang, Kim McKee, Monica McGrath, Akram Alshawabkeh, Tracy Bastain, Carrie V. Breton, Whitney Cowell, Dana Dabelea, Cristiane S. Duarte, Anne L. Dunlop, Assiamira Ferrera, Julie B. Herbstman, Christine W. Hockett, Margaret R. Karagas, Kate Keenan, Robert T. Krafty, Catherine Monk, Sara S. Nozadi, Thomas G. O'Connor, Emily Oken, Sarah S. Osmundson, Susan Schantz, Rosalind Wright, Sarah S. Comstock
  • Journal:
    Psychological Medicine / Volume 53 / Issue 14 / October 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    08 March 2023, pp. 6792-6805
    • Article
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  • Background

    Studies have reported mixed findings regarding the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on pregnant women and birth outcomes. This study used a quasi-experimental design to account for potential confounding by sociodemographic characteristics.

    Methods

    Data were drawn from 16 prenatal cohorts participating in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program. Women exposed to the pandemic (delivered between 12 March 2020 and 30 May 2021) (n = 501) were propensity-score matched on maternal age, race and ethnicity, and child assigned sex at birth with 501 women who delivered before 11 March 2020. Participants reported on perceived stress, depressive symptoms, sedentary behavior, and emotional support during pregnancy. Infant gestational age (GA) at birth and birthweight were gathered from medical record abstraction or maternal report.

    Results

    After adjusting for propensity matching and covariates (maternal education, public assistance, employment status, prepregnancy body mass index), results showed a small effect of pandemic exposure on shorter GA at birth, but no effect on birthweight adjusted for GA. Women who were pregnant during the pandemic reported higher levels of prenatal stress and depressive symptoms, but neither mediated the association between pandemic exposure and GA. Sedentary behavior and emotional support were each associated with prenatal stress and depressive symptoms in opposite directions, but no moderation effects were revealed.

    Conclusions

    There was no strong evidence for an association between pandemic exposure and adverse birth outcomes. Furthermore, results highlight the importance of reducing maternal sedentary behavior and encouraging emotional support for optimizing maternal health regardless of pandemic conditions.

  • Chapter 2 - Sappho’s Lesbos

  • from Part I - Contexts
  • Edited by P. J. Finglass, University of Bristol, Adrian Kelly, University of Oxford
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Companion to Sappho
    Published online:
    09 April 2021
    Print publication:
    29 April 2021, pp 22-35

  • Summary

    Chapter 2 of The Cambridge Companion to Sappho investigates the island of Lesbos, home of Sappho, during the archaic period (sixth and fifth centuries BC), and how its geography – both of the island itself, and of its place within the wider Greek and Mediterranean worlds – is reflected in her poetry and in the poetry of her contemporary, the poet Alcaeus.

Earth History of Oxygen and the iprOxy

Earth History of Oxygen and the iprOxy
  • Zunli Lu, Wanyi Lu, Rosalind E. M. Rickaby, Ellen Thomas
  • Published online:
    11 September 2020
    Print publication:
    08 October 2020
  • How oxygen levels in Earth's atmosphere and oceans evolved has always been a central question in Earth System Science. Researchers have developed numerous tracers to tackle this question, utilizing geochemical characteristics of different elements. Iodine incorporated in calcium carbonate (including biogenic) minerals, reported as I/Ca, is a proxy for dissolved oxygen in seawater. Here we review the rationale behind this proxy, its recent applications and some potential future research directions.

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