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31 results

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  • Regularity of quasigeodesics characterizes hyperbolicity

  • Sam Hughes, Patrick S. Nairne, Davide Spriano
  • Journal:
    Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section A: Mathematics , First View
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    11 April 2025, pp. 1-14
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  • We characterize hyperbolic groups in terms of quasigeodesics in the Cayley graph forming regular languages. We also obtain a quantitative characterization of hyperbolicity of geodesic metric spaces by the non-existence of certain local $(3,0)$-quasigeodesic loops. As an application, we make progress towards a question of Shapiro regarding groups admitting a uniquely geodesic Cayley graph.

  • Examining the unique relationships between problematic use of the internet and impulsive and compulsive tendencies: network approach

  • Chang Liu, Kristian Rotaru, Lei Ren, Samuel R. Chamberlain, Erynn Christensen, Mary-Ellen Brierley, Karyn Richardson, Rico S. C. Lee, Rebecca Segrave, Jon E. Grant, Edouard Kayayan, Sam Hughes, Leonardo F. Fontenelle, Amelia Lowe, Chao Suo, René Freichel, Reinout W. Wiers, Murat Yücel, Lucy Albertella
  • Journal:
    BJPsych Open / Volume 10 / Issue 3 / May 2024
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    09 May 2024, e104
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  • Background

    Both impulsivity and compulsivity have been identified as risk factors for problematic use of the internet (PUI). Yet little is known about the relationship between impulsivity, compulsivity and individual PUI symptoms, limiting a more precise understanding of mechanisms underlying PUI.

    Aims

    The current study is the first to use network analysis to (a) examine the unique association among impulsivity, compulsivity and PUI symptoms, and (b) identify the most influential drivers in relation to the PUI symptom community.

    Method

    We estimated a Gaussian graphical model consisting of five facets of impulsivity, compulsivity and individual PUI symptoms among 370 Australian adults (51.1% female, mean age = 29.8, s.d. = 11.1). Network structure and bridge expected influence were examined to elucidate differential associations among impulsivity, compulsivity and PUI symptoms, as well as identify influential nodes bridging impulsivity, compulsivity and PUI symptoms.

    Results

    Results revealed that four facets of impulsivity (i.e. negative urgency, positive urgency, lack of premeditation and lack of perseverance) and compulsivity were related to different PUI symptoms. Further, compulsivity and negative urgency were the most influential nodes in relation to the PUI symptom community due to their highest bridge expected influence.

    Conclusions

    The current findings delineate distinct relationships across impulsivity, compulsivity and PUI, which offer insights into potential mechanistic pathways and targets for future interventions in this space. To realise this potential, future studies are needed to replicate the identified network structure in different populations and determine the directionality of the relationships among impulsivity, compulsivity and PUI symptoms.

  • Introduction

  • Edited by Sophie Thomson, World Psychiatric Association, Peter Hughes, Springfield University Hospital, London, Sam Gnanapragasam, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
  • Book:
    Volunteering in Global Mental Health
    Published online:
    08 November 2023
    Print publication:
    09 November 2023, pp 1-8

  • Summary

    People volunteer at different stages of their careers, from student days to post retirement. The reasons are varied, but common motivations include altruism and the desire to ‘give something back’. Many readers may wish to contribute to the welfare of people overseas with mental illness, alongside some who feel a deep desire to do what they can for those who have little access to mental health care. For people from a diaspora background, there may be a desire to help ‘back home’. For others, it is motivated by a need for refreshment and to gain new perspectives away from the usual daily professional ways of working. Some may feel the desire to contribute to colleagues’ development or make an impact on trainees and the next generation. Other volunteers may crave ethical travel, and some mention the increasing appeal of learning from colleagues in varied and low resource settings. Whatever the reason(s), careful reflection is indeed needed as outlined in Chapters 3 and 4 on ethical considerations.

  • Chapter 23 - Global Volunteering in Mental Health Moving Forward

  • from Section 4 - Future of Global Volunteering
  • Edited by Sophie Thomson, World Psychiatric Association, Peter Hughes, Springfield University Hospital, London, Sam Gnanapragasam, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
  • Book:
    Volunteering in Global Mental Health
    Published online:
    08 November 2023
    Print publication:
    09 November 2023, pp 200-204

  • Summary

    Global volunteering provides an opportunity to learn, support and work with individuals, communities and colleagues around the world. It can be a hugely rewarding endeavour for all stakeholders if it is undertaken with adequate preparation, developed with host partners and is focused on sustainability. The principles and experiences outlined in this book have sought to provide you with an opportunity to approach the global volunteering placements in mental health with the necessary knowledge, confidence and humility. At the same time, it is important to recognise that much of this book considers how best to navigate the voluntary context as it is here and now. In this chapter, likely changes in the areas of global mental health are presented.

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