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This chapter discusses the history and examination of children and young people with gynaecological concerns. A child refers to a younger child who lacks the understanding or maturity to make important decisions for themselves. Older and more experienced children (generally adolescents) who can make these decisions are referred to as young people [1].
An analysis of the cultural and economic drivers of the growing phenomenon of FGCS, written by cross-disciplinary experts, this book challenges the concept of individual consumer choice in FGCS: a decision that is rarely exercised in a socio-cultural vacuum. Four distinct aspects of FGCS are covered: variations in female genital anatomy; surgical techniques and evidence; historical contexts and ethical dilemmas; norm-critical understandings to inform professional responses. Rendering philosophical critiques accessible, and exposing dubious social values that underpin the practice, this text is crucial in driving a broader understanding of FGCS as a cultural phenomenon of our times. Only with a fuller understanding of the multiple perspectives of FGCS, can there be sensible alternatives for women and girls psychologically troubled by their natural, healthy form. Offering explanations and interventions at individual, institutional and societal levels, this text will be valued by both professional and non-professional audiences.
Pediatric and adolescent gynecology (PAG) is recognized as a specialist area and clinicians working in PAG need specific expertise. A wide spectrum of conditions needs to be addressed, ranging from simple disorders which respond to basic treatment to complex congenital anomalies with a genetic origin and life-long health consequences. Investigations must be appropriate and treatment should reduce symptoms and distress whilst optimizing gynecological and reproductive potential. Centered upon a series of common clinical presentations, this book includes stepwise guidance on the initial investigations, management, and treatment options. Guidance is supported by the most up-to-date evidence-base, written by clinicians with dedicated clinical and research experience in PAG. New techniques - such as laparoscopic surgery - are included and the importance of the psychological assessment of children with specific PAG disorders is highlighted. The book also includes an authoritative chapter on safeguarding - recognizing the unique opportunity for gynecologists in child protection.
Female genital mutilation (FGM) presents a unique challenge for obstetricians as management encompasses clinical, legal, and safeguarding aspects. Some clinicians will feel confident dealing with FGM and its consequences, having worked in high-prevalence areas. Others, having worked mainly in regions with a low prevalence of FGM, may complete their training without ever seeing a case. The aim of this chapter is to familiarize obstetricians with the law surrounding FGM, the risks posed to pregnant women, and management during pregnancy.
This book provides a multidisciplinary overview of developmental anomalies, disorders and intersex conditions. These are complex conditions that demand high standards of care and treatment by all healthcare professionals involved with the management of these psychological, medical and surgical problems. Contributions from leading international experts from a wide range of disciplines, aims to distil their wealth of expertise and to provide the best possible advice and recommendations for medical intervention. Issues such as the psychological well-being of the patient, the need for informed consent and the right to know one's diagnosis. Patients and their families expect high standards of care, communication and consultation, and this book will help doctors achieve this. Emphasising the multidisciplinary approach to healthcare, this is essential reading for specialists in paediatric and adolescent gynaecology, reproductive endocrinologists, paediatric and plastic surgeons, and clinical geneticists.
By
Adam H. Balen, Department of Reproductive Medicine, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds,
Sarah M. Creighton, The Elizabeth Garrett Anderson and Obstetric Hospital, University College London Hospitals, London,
Melanie C. Davies, Reproductive Medicine Unit, University College London Hospitals, London,
Jane MacDougall, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge,
Richard Stanhope, Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, The Middlesex Hospital and the Institute of Child Health, London