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22 results

Page 1 of 2

  • 2 - Cryptic Species

  • Edited by Alexandre K. Monro, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Simon J. Mayo, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
  • Book:
    Cryptic Species
    Published online:
    01 September 2022
    Print publication:
    08 September 2022, pp 14-35

  • Summary

    Taxonomic and evolutionary species (T-species and E-species) can be viewed as distinct ontologically. Conventional taxonomic species are cognitive concepts, refined by biological theory, which tessellate the living world into comprehensible but imperfectly delimited units to provide an overview of biodiversity – the public domain status quo species system. A single named taxonomic species may consist of multiple species taxon concepts, each of which is objectified by the specimen sets used – Simpson's hypodigms. The resulting compound species taxon may thus be vague. Evolutionary species are predicted from evolutionary theory, and serve as models for investigating evolutionary processes. They are tools for biologists to probe deeper into biological reality and generate hypotheses of patterns that lie beyond the confines of human cognition. Cryptic species of result from the feedback to taxonomy of discoveries in evolutionary biology and may differ from species taxa in data, analysis method, or species criterion. Their recognition as taxonomic species requires social convention among biologists, especially systematists and they should be objectified as published taxon concepts using protocols including description, diagnosis, hypodigm and a correct name. The public domain taxon system would benefit if species taxon concepts werebased on a system of online databases

Cryptic Species
  • Morphological Stasis, Circumscription, and Hidden Diversity
  • Edited by Alexandre K. Monro, Simon J. Mayo
  • Published online:
    01 September 2022
    Print publication:
    08 September 2022
  • Cryptic species are organisms which look identical, but which represent distinct evolutionary lineages. They are an emerging trend in organismal biology across all groups, from flatworms, insects, amphibians, primates, to vascular plants. This book critically evaluates the phenomenon of cryptic species and demonstrates how they can play a valuable role in improving our understanding of evolution, in particular of morphological stasis. It also explores how the recognition of cryptic species is intrinsically linked to the so-called 'species problem', the lack of a unifying species concept in biology, and suggests alternative approaches. Bringing together a range of perspectives from practicing taxonomists, the book presents case studies of cryptic species across a range of animal and plant groups. It will be an invaluable text for all biologists interested in species and their delimitation, definition, and purpose, including undergraduate and graduate students and researchers.

  • Influence of trap colour, type, deployment height, and a host volatile on monitoring Orchestes fagi (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Nova Scotia, Canada

  • Joel T.L. Goodwin, Simon P. Pawlowski, Peter D. Mayo, Peter J. Silk, Jon D. Sweeney, N. Kirk Hillier
  • Journal:
    The Canadian Entomologist / Volume 152 / Issue 1 / February 2020
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    19 December 2019, pp. 98-109

  • Orchestes fagi (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a pest of beech trees (Fagus sylvatica Linnaeus; Fagaceae) in Europe that has recently become established and invasive on American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrhart) in Nova Scotia, Canada. We tested the effects of trap type, trap colour, trap height, and lure on the numbers of O. fagi captured per trap with the objective of developing a survey tool to monitor the weevil’s spread. We captured O. fagi in significantly greater numbers on yellow, green, or white traps than on light blue, dark blue, or red traps. There were no significant interactions between trap colour and trap design. Sticky triangular prism traps caught significantly more O. fagi than did nonsticky intercept traps regardless of colour. No effect of trap height was observed. Mean catch of O. fagi was significantly greater on yellow sticky triangular prism traps than on commercially sourced yellow sticky cards. Baiting yellow, green, or white sticky prism traps with the host volatile 9-geranyl-p-cymene did not increase catch of O. fagi. Our results suggest that yellow, green, or white sticky prism traps are a useful tool for detecting O. fagi adults and monitoring the spread of this species in Canada.

Early Events in Monocot Evolution
  • Edited by Paul Wilkin, Simon J. Mayo
  • Published online:
    05 June 2013
    Print publication:
    30 May 2013
  • Tracing the evolution of one of the most ancient major branches of flowering plants, this is a wide-ranging survey of state-of-the-art research on the early clades of the monocot phylogenetic tree. It explores a series of broad but linked themes, providing for the first time a detailed and coherent view of the taxa of the early monocot lineages, how they diversified and their importance in monocots as a whole. Featuring contributions from leaders in the field, the chapters trace the evolution of the monocots from largely aquatic ancestors. Topics covered include the rapidly advancing field of monocot fossils, aquatic adaptations in pollen and anther structure and pollination strategies and floral developmental morphology. The book also presents a new plastid sequence analysis of early monocots and a review of monocot phylogeny as a whole, placing in an evolutionary context a plant group of major ecological, economic and horticultural importance.

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