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This opening chapter defines the concept of science-based therapy. The original framework for characterizing an approach as an empirically supported treatment is presented, for both well-established treatments and probably efficacious treatments. Also presented, a newer framework – sometimes called “the Tolin criteria” – provides greater emphasis to meaningful functional outcome improvement, meaningful effects in nonresearch settings, and lasting improvements. Other concepts in this chapter include evidence-based practice and pseudoscience in therapy.
The postscript opens by reviewing the original Chambless criteria for identifying empirically supported treatments. A table lists well-established treatments for all of the disorders discussed in the book. Next, the postscript reviews the newer, more stringent criteria – sometimes called the “Tolin criteria” – for identifying empirically supported treatments, and a second table summarizes the reviews of disorders using these newer criteria.
This is the first book to analyze empirically supported treatments by using the newest criteria from the American Psychological Association's Society of Clinical Psychology, Division 12. Clinicians, scholars, and students all need to stay updated on the treatment research, and this book goes beyond providing updated treatment information by pointing readers to other useful treatment manuals and websites for continuing to stay up-to-date. The chapters, all written by prominent experts, highlight the best available evidence for specific disorders by breaking treatments down into credible components. With an emphasis on treatments for adults, chapters also share information about treatments for youth. Other variables that influence treatment are discussed, including assessment, comorbidity, demographics, and medication. Each chapter also corresponds with a chapter in the companion book, Pseudoscience in Therapy, presenting a full picture of the evidence base for common treatments.
The postscript discusses resources related to scientific skepticism. The Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI) is suggested as a fruitful place to begin. Annual conferences include the CSI conference (CSICon) and the Northeast Conferences on Science and Skepticism (NECSS). The work of Scott O. Lilienfeld was honored. His skeptical approach to psychology substantially increased how much students, professors, and clinicians applied critical thinking skills to the field of psychology. The postscript closes by describing an organization called Guerilla Skepticism on Wikipedia (GSoW).
When experiencing mental health challenges, we all deserve treatments that actually work. Whether you are a healthcare consumer, student, or mental health professional, this book will help you recognize implausible, ineffective, and even harmful therapy practices while also considering recent controversies. Research-supported interventions are identified in this book and expanded upon in a companion volume. Chapters cover every major mental disorder and are written by experts in their respective fields. Pseudoscience in Therapy is of interest to students taking courses in psychotherapy, counseling, clinical psychology, and behavior therapy, as well as practitioners looking for a guide to proven therapeutic techniques.