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Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics (RADx®) Tech was the key diagnostics component of a three-pronged national strategy, including vaccines and therapeutics, to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic. Unprecedented in the scale of its mission, its budget, its accelerated time frame, the extent of cross-government agency collaboration and information exchange, and the blending of business, academic, and investment best practices, RAD Tech successfully launched dozens of US Food and Drug Administration Emergency Use Authorization diagnostic tests, established a new model for rapidly translating diagnostic tests from the laboratory to the marketplace, and accelerated public acceptance of home-based diagnostic tests. This chapter provides an overview of the processes utilized by RADx Tech during the COVID-19 pandemic to improve clinical laboratory tests and identify, evaluate, support, validate, and commercialize innovative point-of-care and home-based tests that directly detected the presence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus.
In the face of a rapidly emerging pandemic, there needs to be a concerted and organized response so that the pandemic can be stopped or slowed and patients can be accurately diagnosed and treated. As we learned with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), there was no prescribed roadmap to follow, leaving scientists and clinicians to plan and respond in real time. Although the efforts were heroic in nature, some decisions (if they could be made again) would have been different. In this chapter, we address the lessons learned from the individuals who were on the battlefield in their area of expertise as they chartered their own path. We capture and record the activities that took place so that, going forward, there will be an extensive pandemic response roadmap indicating the activities of this pandemic (including their chronology and duration) for future generations to use as a guiding document to build upon.
Those who responded to the COVID-19 pandemic have now had the opportunity to reflect on lessons learned, and in this science and data-rich book, those reflections are presented as a behind-the-scenes chronology of events and discoveries that occurred in COVID-19's wake. Offering a rubric for a future pandemic response, each chapter is written by experts, with their unique perspectives, experience, and learnings woven into visual roadmaps throughout the book. These roadmaps serve as a scaffolding upon which future healthcare leaders can build when creating, implementing and executing operational strategies in the face of future infectious disease outbreaks. Written for both lay and scientific audiences and featuring case studies which give clinical insight into the unique bond between COVID patients, their loved ones and their healthcare providers, this important book allows readers to leverage the knowledge of experts to improve the outcomes of future pandemics.
Botanical treatments have been used by persons with epilepsy, especially for convulsive seizures, dating from 6000 BC in India [1], from 3000 BC in China and in Peru, and for centuries in Africa and South America. In traditional Western medicine, botanical treatments were widely used to treat seizures before the advent of compounds such as bromide and phenobarbital. For instance, Gowers documented his use of Cannabis indica (see also section on Cannabis and its Derivatives) and digitalis, the latter derived from the Foxglove plant (Digitalis purpurea) [2].
Patients with nonepileptic seizures (NES) frequently present in neurology, psychiatry, psychology, and emergency departments. The disorder has been well-documented in the medical literature, and much is known about the phenomenology, ictal semiology, neurologic signs, psychiatric comorbidities, neuropsychological testing, and psychosocial aspects. Since the publication of the third edition in 2010, knowledge of treatments for NES has grown and new data have become available. Fully updated to reflect these developments, this fourth edition brings together the current knowledge of NES treatments, drawing on the experience of an international team of authors. An accompanying website features video-EEGs of seizures and videos of patient-clinician interactions, which will help readers with both diagnostic and management decisions. Tables clearly illustrating the differential diagnosis of various nonepileptic events give readers quick reference guides to aid diagnostic assessment. A valuable resource for neurologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, and any clinicians who encounter NES in their practice.