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14 results

Air Power in the Age of Primacy
  • Air Warfare since the Cold War
  • Edited by Phil Haun, Colin Jackson, Tim Schultz
  • Published online:
    16 December 2021
    Print publication:
    16 December 2021
  • Since the end of the Cold War the United States and other major powers have wielded their air forces against much weaker state and non-state actors. In this age of primacy, air wars have been contests between unequals and characterized by asymmetries of power, interest, and technology.  This volume examines ten contemporary wars where air power played a major and at times decisive role. Its chapters explore the evolving use of unmanned aircraft against global terrorist organizations as well as more conventional air conflicts in Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Iraq, Lebanon, Libya, Yemen, Syria, and against ISIS. Air superiority could be assumed in this unique and brief period where the international system was largely absent great power competition. However, the reliable and unchallenged employment of a spectrum of manned and unmanned technologies permitted in the age of primacy may not prove effective in future conflicts.

  • Functional connectivity and grey matter volume of the striatum in schizophrenia

  • Kathrin Koch, Oana Georgiana Rus, Tim Jonas Reeß, Claudia Schachtzabel, Gerd Wagner, C. Christoph Schultz, Christian Sorg, Ralf G. M. Schlösser
  • Journal:
    The British Journal of Psychiatry / Volume 205 / Issue 3 / September 2014
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 January 2018, pp. 204-213
    Print publication:
    September 2014
    • Article
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  • Background

    Alterations in the dopaminergic reward system, predominantly the striatum, constitute core characteristics of schizophrenia.

    Aims

    Functional connectivity of the dorsal striatum during reward-related trial-and-error learning was investigated in 17 people with schizophrenia and 18 healthy volunteers and related to striatal grey matter volume and psychopathology.

    Method

    We used voxel-based morphometry and psychophysiological interaction to examine striatal volume and connectivity.

    Results

    A reduced functional connectivity between left striatum and temporo-occipital areas, precuneus and insula could be detected in the schizophrenia group. The positive correlation between grey matter volume and functional connectivity of the left striatum yielded significant results in a very similar network. Connectivity of the left striatum was negatively correlated with negative symptoms.

    Conclusions

    Present results suggest a disruption in striatal functional connectivity that is closely linked to grey matter morphometry of the striatum. Decreased connectivity between the striatum and psychopathologically relevant networks may explain the emergence of negative symptoms.

  • Weather, Stock Returns, and the Impact of Localized Trading Behavior

  • Tim Loughran, Paul Schultz
  • Journal:
    Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis / Volume 39 / Issue 2 / June 2004
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    06 April 2009, pp. 343-364
    Print publication:
    June 2004

  • We document by several methods that trading in Nasdaq stocks is localized, but find little evidence that cloudy weather in the city in which a company is based affects its returns. The first evidence of localized trading is that the time zone of a company's headquarters affects intraday trading patterns in its stock. Second, firms in blizzard-struck cities see a dramatic trading volume drop compared to firms in other cities. Third, the Yom Kippur holiday dampens trading volume in companies located in cities with high Jewish populations. Despite the strong evidence of localized trading, cloudy conditions near the firm's headquarters do not provide profitable trading opportunities.