Background: We evaluated vorasidenib (VOR), a dual inhibitor of mIDH1/2, in patients with mIDH1/2 glioma (Phase 3; NCT04164901). Methods: Patients with residual/recurrent grade 2 mIDH1/2 oligodendroglioma or astrocytoma were enrolled (age ≥12; Karnofsky Performance Score ≥80; measurable non-enhancing disease; surgery as only prior treatment; not in immediate need of chemoradiotherapy). Patients were stratified by 1p19q status and baseline tumor size and randomized 1:1 to VOR 40 mg or placebo (PBO) daily in 28-day cycles. Endpoints included imaging-based progression-free survival (PFS), time to next intervention (TTNI), tumor growth rate (TGR), health-related quality of life (HRQoL), neurocognition and seizure activity. Results: 331 patients were randomized (VOR, 168; PBO, 163). The median age was 40.0 years. 172 and 159 patients had histologically confirmed oligodendroglioma and astrocytoma, respectively. Treatment with VOR significantly improved PFS and TTNI. Median PFS: VOR, 27.7 mos; PBO, 11.1 mos (P=0.000000067). Median TTNI: VOR, not reached; PBO, 17.8 mos (P=0.000000019). Treatment with VOR resulted in shrinkage of tumor volume. Post-treatment TGR: VOR, -2.5% (95% CI: -4.7, -0.2); PBO, 13.9% (95% CI: 11.1, 16.8). HRQoL and neurocognition were preserved and seizure control was maintained. VOR had a manageable safety profile. Conclusions: VOR was effective in mIDH1/2 diffuse glioma not in immediate need of chemoradiotherapy.

Feedback provided by relativistic jets may be effective in shaping the galaxy luminosity function. The quenching mode (quasar mode) at redshifts ~2-3 potentially disperses gas in star-forming galaxies. The maintenance mode (radio mode) heats the gas in galaxy clusters counteracting cooling flows. A number of authors have examined the effect of relativistic jets in dispersing clouds in the kpc-scale inhomogeneous interstellar medium of evolving galaxies. We have also investigated a particular case of maintenance-mode feedback in our simulation of the iconic radio galaxy / cooling flow cluster Hydra A. Modelling of the knots produced by the jets in the inner 10 kpc provides an estimate of 0.8 – 0.9 c for the velocities of the jets in agreement with other velocity estimates for FR1 jets. The addition of jet precession provides realistic simulations of the morphology of the Hydra A radio source and raises interesting questions as to the role of black hole and disk precession, in general, in galaxy formation.

The collisional dynamics of equal-sized water and normal-alkane droplets, in the 150 μm radius range, have been experimentally studied for situations involving 0(1) droplet Weber numbers and head-on to grazing impact parameters. Results show that in the parametric range investigated the behaviour of hydrocarbon droplets is significantly more complex than that of water droplets. For head-on collisions, while permanent coalescence always results for water droplets, the outcome is quite nonmonotonic for the hydrocarbon droplets in that, with increasing droplet Weber number, the collision can result in permanent coalescence, bouncing, permanent coalescence again, and coalescence followed by separation with or without production of satellite droplets. Similar complexities exist for off-centre collisions. Phenomenological explanations are offered for these observations based on the material properties of the fluids, the relative influences of the normal and shearing aspects of the collision, and the nature and extent of energy dissipation due to droplet deformation during collision.

We pursue the dynamics of dusty gas clouds that are blown out of circumnuclear starburst regions, taking into consideration the growth of clouds by inelastic cloud-cloud collision and the resultant change of the optical depth. As a result, we find that the clouds originating in the circumnuclear starburst can contribute to the obscuration to produce type 2 Seyfert galaxies. Also, it is shown that, if the AGN luminosity overwhelms the starburst one, almost all clouds are ejected from the galaxy by the radiation pressure of the AGN, resulting in the formation of quasar-like objects.To search for other articles by the author(s) go to: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html

We have developed an FIB micro-sampling technique to prepare both plan view and cross-sectional TEM specimens from a specific site.

The instruments that were used in this study are the Hitachi FB-2000A FIB system equipped a with micromanipulator unit and an HF-2200 cold field emission 200kV analytical TEM equipped with a scanning attachment allowing both STEM and SEM imaging.

Figure 1 shows a procedure to prepare a micro-sample for either plan view or cross-sectional TEM observation of the specific site. First, the micro-sample for plan view TEM observation is trench milled by using an FIB(Figure 1a). Second, a tip of a micromanipulator W-probe is bonded to the micro-sample with the FIB assisted metal deposition. Then, the micro-sample is lifted out and transferred onto a micro-sample carrier(Figure 1b).

We investigate the cosmological model dependence of galaxy luminosity function (GLF) obtained by the Press–Schechter (PS) prescription. We consider the power–law spectra as well as a CDM spectrum for primordial density fluctuations, assuming a variety of cosmological models. We do not consider any galaxy luminosity (chemical) evolution in this report.

We have previously reported that epithelial cells appear to be clustered in the perilobular stroma of the human lactating breast', that phenomenone has not beendocumented well in the literature. The present study is aimed at to clarify the nature and characteristics of the clustered-epithelial cells in relation to basement membrane, epithelial cell death and myoepithelial cells.

We studied the mammary gland of Wister female rats in various stages of resting, pregnant and lactating phase histochemically and electron microscopically. Basement membrane was detected by immunohistochemically (indirect peroxidase method) on 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA)-fixed frozen section using anti type rv collagen (goat, Southern Biotechnology Assoc. Inc. Birmingham, AL, USA) and electron microscopcally. Apoptotic cell death was shown by in situend labeling method on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded section. The myoepithelial cells were observed by alkaline phophatase Azo dye method on frozen section, and by immunohistochemical staining for actin (smooth muscle) (clone; 1A4, Sigma Chemical Co. St Louis, MO, USA).

We evaluate the charge distribution on the surface of a model cluster which simulates a 2:1 type clay mineral and the binding forces between the model cluster surface and water molecules with semi-empirical molecular orbital method (MOPAC). It is found that the negative charge is not localized on the oxygen atoms of the model cluster surface. We calculate the binding forces acting on the water molecules in model cluster-water system and compare them with the binding forces of solid and liquid phases of water. We qualitatively discuss the binding force acting on the water molecule directly sorbed on the model cluster surface and the binding force acting on the water molecule which is not sorbed on the model cluster surface.