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Early herding at Măgura-Boldul lui Moş Ivănuş (early sixth millennium BC, Romania): environments and seasonality from stable isotope analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  25 January 2017

Marie Balasse ,
Adrian Bălăşescu ,
Anneke Janzen ,
Joël Ughetto-Monfrin ,
Pavel Mirea  and
Radian Andreescu
Marie Balasse*
Affiliation:
Archéozoologie, Archéobotanique: Sociétés, Pratiques et Environnements, UMR 7209 CNRS/Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, France
Adrian Bălăşescu*
Affiliation:
Muzeul National de Istorie a Romaniei, Romania
Anneke Janzen*
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, University of California Santa Cruz, USA
Joël Ughetto-Monfrin*
Affiliation:
Archéozoologie, Archéobotanique: Sociétés, Pratiques et Environnements, UMR 7209 CNRS/Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, France
Pavel Mirea*
Affiliation:
Musée Départemental Teleorman, Romania
Radian Andreescu*
Affiliation:
Muzeul National de Istorie a Romaniei, Romania
*
[email: balasse@mnhn.fr]
[email: abalasescu2005@yahoo.fr]
[email: ajanzen1@ucsc.edu]
[email: ughetto@mnhn.fr]
[email: pavelcmirea@yahoo.com]
[email: radian_romus@yahoo.com]
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Abstract

Stable isotope analyses were conducted on faunal remains from the site of Măgura-Boldul lui Moş Ivănuş with the objective of characterizing the environments and seasonality of husbandry in the earliest Neolithic (Gura Baciului-Cârcea/Starčevo-Criş I) of southern Romania. Results from bone collagen analysis indicate extensive herding strategies for cattle and pigs. However, sequential analysis in tooth enamel also provides evidence for winter leaf foddering in one bovine, potentially kept by the settlement over winter. In some instances, sheep were fed a 13C-enriched resource in late winter, which may have also coincided with lactation. It could not be determined whether this contribution was from C3 or C4 plants. Although isolated, these findings may be important in evaluating how early agricultural communities dealt with environmental constraints. These results are also interpreted with reference to the models of intensive mixed farming systems recently proposed by Bogaard (2004) and Halstead (2006).

Dans le but de caractériser les environnements et la saisonnalité de l'élevage au début du Néolithique (Gura Baciului-Cârcea/Starčevo-Criş I) dans le Sud de la Roumanie, des analyses d'isotopes stables ont été effectuées sur des restes fauniques du site de Măgura-Boldul lui Moş Ivănuş. Les résultats des analyses du collagène des os montrent l'existence de stratégies d'élevage extensif pour les bovins et les porcs. Toutefois des analyses séquentielles de l'émail des dents montrent également un bovin qui était nourri de feuilles en hiver et probablement gardé près du site durant cette période. Dans certains cas, les moutons étaient nourris de ressources alimentaires enrichies de 13C à la fin de l'hiver, coïncidant peut-être avec la période de lactation. Il n'a pas été possible de déterminer si cet apport provenait de plantes C3 ou C4. Bien qu'isolées, ces découvertes pourront être importantes dans l'évaluation de la façon dont les premières communautés agricoles ont géré les contraintes environnementales. Ces résultats ont également été interprétés en se référant aux modèles de systèmes d'agriculture mixte intensive proposés récemment par Bogaard (2004) et Halstead (2006). Translation by Isabelle Gerges.

Zusammenfassung

Zusammenfassung

Anhand tierischer Überreste vom Fundplatz Măgura-Boldul lui Moş Ivănuş wurden Analysen stabiler Isotopen durchgeführt, um die Umwelt und die Saisonalität der Viehzucht im frühesten Neolithikum (Gruppe Gura Baciului-Cârcea/Starčevo-Criş I) in Südrumänien zu charakterisieren. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen des Knochenkollagens zeigen umfassende Strategien der Herdenhaltung von Rind und Schwein. Jedoch gibt es aufgrund der Reihenuntersuchung von Zahnschmelz auch Hinweise auf Winterheufütterung eines Rindes, das möglicherweise während des Winters in der Siedlung gehalten wurde. In einigen Fällen wurden Schafe zum Winterende hin mit 13C-angereicherten Ressourcen gefüttert, was mit dem Zeitpunkt der Laktation übereingestimmt haben könnte. Es konnte allerdings nicht ermittelt werden, ob es sich bei den Quellen um C3- oder C4-Pflanzen gehandelt hat. Wenngleich sie derzeit isoliert sind, könnten diese Funde dennoch wichtig sein, um zu bestimmen, wie früh landwirtschaftliche Gemeinschaften bereits auf Umwelteinschränkungen reagierten. Diese Ergebnisse werden zudem unter Einbeziehung der Modelle von intensiven gemischten Landwirtschaftssystemen, die kürzlich von Bogaard (2004) und Halstead (2006) vorgestellt worden sind, interpretiert. Translation by Heiner Schwarzberg.

Keywords

early Neolithic Romaniacarbonnitrogen and oxygen stable isotopeshusbandry practicescattlesheeppigNéolithique ancien roumainisotopes stables du carbone, de l'azote et le l'oxygènepratiques d'élevagebovinsmoutonporcRumänien im Frühneolithikumstabile Isotope von KohlenstoffStickstoff und Sauerstofflandwirtschaftliche PraktikenRindSchafSchwein
Type
Articles
Information
European Journal of Archaeology , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , 2013 , pp. 221 - 246
Copyright
Copyright © European Association of Archaeologists 2013 

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