THREE GREEK PROPER NAMES IN OVID, METAMORPHOSES BOOK 10

Abstract This paper discusses the transcription of three Greek proper names in Ovid, Metamorphoses Book 10. It argues that we should read Haemon (10.77), Amycliade (10.162) and Panchaica (10.309) rather than Haemum, Amyclide and Panchaia.

semel'. 4 Cf. Met. 2.219, 5 6.87, 6 Pont. 4.5.5. 7 However, Heinsius 8 kept Haemum at Her. 2.113. Tarrant says nothing about this in his appendix. 9 Unfortunately, in all the examples cited the word appears at the end of the line, so metre does not reveal whether Ovid used one form or the other. 10 None the less, there is no denial that he was especially fond of Greek forms. 11 To give a couple of examples, Virgil undoubtedly wrote Cyprum, Polyphemum and Menelaum, as the subsequent elisions show: It is noteworthy that none of these forms coexists with a metrically guaranteed form in -um in Ovid's corpus. It is also important to note that at 9.440 the metre demands Rhadamanthon, but that did not prevent the scribe of M from writing R(h)adamant(h)um. Likewise, at 13.27 and 13.772 some manuscripts, including some 4 Heinsius (n. 3), 260n. 5

SHORTER NOTE
antiquiores, wrongly give the form in -um. 14 This strongly suggests that Greek endings are likely to be substituted for Latin ones, as Housman proved for accusatives in -an or -en. 15 From this, I infer that, whenever there is some evidence for the Greek form in Ovid, we should adopt it.
(2  19 However, Unger 20 conjectured Amycliade and Amyclaide. The former would be derived from Ἀμύκλας; the latter from the homonymous city Ἀμύκλαι and would mean 'Spartan'. 21  30 La Penna (n. 28), 170: 'Cliniadeve ex manu rec. in x Cliniadeque P 1 Clitiadeve m 2 2 Clitiadeque l 2 m 5 2 '. 31 Other variant readings might also point in that direction: Amiclate (Lr7) and Amiclade (So Bo2To2). 32 Therefore, it seems unlikely that scribes could actually recognize Amyclide as metrically defective. In consequence, the readings of Dr Gf6 ac Es5 can hardly be attempts at prosodic correction. On a general basis, single letters were often omitted in this paradosis, especially in Greek words: cf. Luck (n. 23 where Panchaia is an adjective, but the reading is not quite certain, because the best manuscripts offer Pancheia (Γ) or Panchasia (V), while Panchaia is attested in CL, 37 'the least estimable MSS of the poem'. 38 The only well-attested example of Panchaius seems to be Mela 3.81, who calls the inhabitants of the island Panchai.
On the other hand, I have found only one example of Panchaicus: Arn. Adu. nat. 7.27. Since the evidence for Panchaius/Panchaicus is clearly poor, I suggest that we examine a parallel and well-documented doublet: Achaius/Achaicus. The alternation occurs at Verg. Aen. 2.462, where MPωγ read Achaica castra and Fcy read Achaia castra. 39 The variation could be explained by the scribal distaste for the cacophonic syllabic combination -ca ca-. 40 None the less, the same variation also occurs in other contexts where there is no cacemphaton. 41 In general, adjectives in -icus often loose the letter -c-in manuscripts. For instance, in Ov. Met. 2.727 some manuscripts read Balearia instead of Balearica. 42 In Ov. Met. 3.518 the adjective Bacchica (Βακχικός, which coexists with Baccheus, Βακχεῖος, and Baccheius, Βακχήϊος) is altered to Bacchia in some manuscripts. 43 On the other hand, the adjective Achaeus, which is the right transcription of Ἀχαιός, is extensively documented in Latin (cf. TLL 1.384.67-385.60). I doubt that Ἀχαιός could be transcribed both as Achaeus and Achaïus, with a different scansion. Furthermore, apart from Achaïus (and Panchaïus), I can find no other example of any Greek adjective in -αιος (or in -αιϜος) 44 being transcribed into Latin as -aïus. Therefore, I believe that Diehl (TLL 1.284.8-11) is right when he points out that Achaius is only a scribal misspelling of Achaicus. 45 The analogy with adjectives in -ius and the noun Achaia, in combination with the scholastic doctrine against cacemphaton, probably smoothed the way for Achaius to substitute Achaicus.
Let me address one final question about the adjectives from Achaia. As often, Ovid also used derivatives in -is (Met. 3.511, 5.306, 15.293; 5.577, 7.504 [nouns]) and in -ias (Her. 3.71). In the Metamorphoses, Tarrant 46 accepted the transmitted form Achais, even if Ovid clearly kept the Homeric form Achaeias at Her. 3.71 (Achaeiadas … matres). 47 Kenney 48 suggested that it was very likely that Ovid had also retained the transcription Achaeis in the Metamorphoses (it appears in some old editions). Indeed,