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Radiocarbon Dating Human Skeletal Material on Rapa Nui: Evaluating the Effect of Uncertainty in Marine-Derived Carbon

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 July 2016

Amy S Commendador ,
John V Dudgeon ,
Benjamin T Fuller  and
Bruce P Finney
Amy S Commendador
Affiliation:
Idaho Museum of Natural History, Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Avenue, Stop 8096, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Avenue, Stop 8007, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
John V Dudgeon
Affiliation:
Department of Anthropology, Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Avenue, Stop 8005, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA Center for Archaeology, Materials, and Applied Spectroscopy, Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Avenue, Stop 8044, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
Benjamin T Fuller
Affiliation:
Department of Earth System Science, Keck CCAMS Group, B321 Croul Hall, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
Bruce P Finney
Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Avenue, Stop 8007, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA Center for Archaeology, Materials, and Applied Spectroscopy, Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Avenue, Stop 8044, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA Department of Geosciences, Idaho State University, 921 S. 8th Avenue, Stop 8072, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
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Abstract

A primary concern with dating skeletal material from oceanic environments is the effect of marine-derived carbon on resulting radiocarbon ages. Due to uncertainties in local marine reservoir effects and the proportion of marine carbon incorporated in bone, dates from archaeological skeletal material exhibiting marine dietary signatures have previously been characterized as problematic and removed from further analysis. While in certain instances this may be appropriate, in others it is not. This article presents 26 new 14C dates obtained from human teeth (dentin collagen) on Rapa Nui. The effect of the local marine reservoir on 14C ages is evaluated assuming a range of incorporated marine-derived carbon. The results indicate that the Rapa Nui 14C ages are not significantly different under varying realistic extreme ranges in estimates of the proportion of marine carbon consumed. The article argues that this is primarily due to the small local marine reservoir effect measured in Rapa Nui and relatively lower reliance on marine resources in the prehistoric and protohistoric population.

Type
Articles
Information
Radiocarbon , Volume 56 , Issue 1 , 2014 , pp. 277 - 294
Copyright
Copyright © 2014 by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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