%%
%% This is file `CUP-JNL-PDA.cls',
%% generated with the docstrip utility.
%%
%% The original source files were:
%%
%% classes.dtx  (with options: `CUP-JNL-PDA')
%%
%% This is a generated file.
%%
%% Copyright 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
%% The LaTeX3 Project and any individual authors listed elsewhere
%% in this file.
%%
%% This file was generated from file(s) of the LaTeX base system.
%% --------------------------------------------------------------
%%
%% It may be distributed and/or modified under the
%% conditions of the LaTeX Project Public License, either version 1.3c
%% of this license or (at your option) any later version.
%% The latest version of this license is in
%%    http://www.latex-project.org/lppl.txt
%% and version 1.3c or later is part of all distributions of LaTeX
%% version 2005/12/01 or later.
%%
%% This file has the LPPL maintenance status "maintained".
%%
%% This file may only be distributed together with a copy of the LaTeX
%% base system. You may however distribute the LaTeX base system without
%% such generated files.
%%
%% The list of all files belonging to the LaTeX base distribution is
%% given in the file `manifest.txt'. See also `legal.txt' for additional
%% information.
%%
%% The list of derived (unpacked) files belonging to the distribution
%% and covered by LPPL is defined by the unpacking scripts (with
%% extension .ins) which are part of the distribution.
%% \CharacterTable
%%  {Upper-case    \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
%%   Lower-case    \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
%%   Digits        \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
%%   Exclamation   \!     Double quote  \"     Hash (number) \#
%%   Dollar        \$     Percent       \%     Ampersand     \&
%%   Acute accent  \'     Left paren    \(     Right paren   \)
%%   Asterisk      \*     Plus          \+     Comma         \,
%%   Minus         \-     Point         \.     Solidus       \/
%%   Colon         \:     Semicolon     \;     Less than     \<
%%   Equals        \=     Greater than  \>     Question mark \?
%%   Commercial at \@     Left bracket  \[     Backslash     \\
%%   Right bracket \]     Circumflex    \^     Underscore    \_
%%   Grave accent  \`     Left brace    \{     Vertical bar  \|
%%   Right brace   \}     Tilde         \~}
\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}[1995/12/01]
\ProvidesClass{CUP-JNL-PDA}[2026/05/04 v0.1: An authoring template for CUP PDA articles]

\newif\if@restonecol
\newif\if@titlepage   \@titlepagefalse
\newif\if@cropmarkson \@cropmarksonfalse
\newif\if@draftruleson\@draftrulesonfalse
\newif\if@ruleron\global\@ruleronfalse

%% Template Options
\DeclareOption{a4paper}{\PassOptionsToPackage{a4}{crop}}
\DeclareOption{a3paper}{\PassOptionsToClass{a3paper}{article}\PassOptionsToPackage{a3}{crop}}
\DeclareOption{centre}{\PassOptionsToPackage{center}{crop}}
\DeclareOption{crop}{\PassOptionsToPackage{frame}{crop}\global\@cropmarksontrue}
\DeclareOption{nocrop}{\PassOptionsToPackage{off}{crop}\global\@cropmarksontrue}
\DeclareOption{info}{\PassOptionsToPackage{info}{crop}}
\DeclareOption{noinfo}{\PassOptionsToPackage{noinfo}{crop}}
\DeclareOption{draftrules}{\global\@draftrulesontrue}
\DeclareOption{ruler}{\global\@rulerontrue}%

%% Classfile Options
\DeclareOption{oneside}{\@twosidefalse \@mparswitchfalse}
\DeclareOption{twoside}{\@twosidetrue  \@mparswitchtrue}
\DeclareOption{draft}{\setlength\overfullrule{5pt}}
\DeclareOption{titlepage}{\@titlepagetrue}
\DeclareOption{notitlepage}{\@titlepagefalse}
\DeclareOption{onecolumn}{\@twocolumnfalse}
\DeclareOption{twocolumn}{\@twocolumntrue}
\DeclareOption{openbib}{\let\if@openbib\iftrue}

\ExecuteOptions{twosidecrop,crop,centre,info,croppage}
\ProcessOptions
\LoadClass[twoside,fleqn]{article}

%% General Packages Used
\RequirePackage{amsmath,amssymb,amsfonts}
\RequirePackage{ifpdf}
\RequirePackage{url}
\RequirePackage{soul}
\RequirePackage[table]{xcolor}
%\RequirePackage{textcomp}%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Color Defs %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%% rgb colors
\definecolor{Black}{cmyk}{0.0,0.0,0.0,1}
\definecolor{White}{cmyk}{0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0}
\definecolor{gray}{cmyk}{0,0,0,0.2}%
\definecolor{hndrdprcntcolor}{cmyk}{0.81,0.53,0.29,0.07}
%\definecolor{twntyprcntcolor}{cmyk}{0.13,0.182,0.062,0.036}% 20%
%\definecolor{tenprcntcolor}{cmyk}{0.065,0.091,0.031,0.018}% 10%
\definecolor{shadecolor}{cmyk}{0.0729,0.0477,0.0261,0.006}% 9%

%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Fonts & Sizes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%% Fonts Used
\RequirePackage[T1]{fontenc}%
\RequirePackage[type1]{crimson}%
\RequirePackage{sourcesanspro}
%\renewcommand{\sfdefault}{qpl}%
%%\RequirePackage{newtxtext}
\RequirePackage{newtxmath}
\renewcommand{\ttdefault}{pcr}
\RequirePackage{datetime}%

\AtBeginDocument{%
\DeclareSymbolFont{numbers}{\encodingdefault}{\rmdefault}{m}{n}
\DeclareSymbolFont{alphabets}{\encodingdefault}{\rmdefault}{m}{it}

\SetSymbolFont{alphabets}{normal}{\encodingdefault}{\rmdefault}{m}{it}
\SetSymbolFont{numbers}{normal}{\encodingdefault}{\rmdefault}{m}{n}

\SetSymbolFont{alphabets}{bold}{\encodingdefault}{\rmdefault}{b}{it}
\SetSymbolFont{numbers}{bold}{\encodingdefault}{\rmdefault}{b}{n}

\DeclareMathSymbol{0}{\mathalpha}{numbers}{"30}
\DeclareMathSymbol{1}{\mathalpha}{numbers}{"31}
\DeclareMathSymbol{2}{\mathalpha}{numbers}{"32}
\DeclareMathSymbol{3}{\mathalpha}{numbers}{"33}
\DeclareMathSymbol{4}{\mathalpha}{numbers}{"34}
\DeclareMathSymbol{5}{\mathalpha}{numbers}{"35}
\DeclareMathSymbol{6}{\mathalpha}{numbers}{"36}
\DeclareMathSymbol{7}{\mathalpha}{numbers}{"37}
\DeclareMathSymbol{8}{\mathalpha}{numbers}{"38}
\DeclareMathSymbol{9}{\mathalpha}{numbers}{"39}

\DeclareMathSymbol{A}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"41}
\DeclareMathSymbol{B}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"42}
\DeclareMathSymbol{C}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"43}
\DeclareMathSymbol{D}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"44}
\DeclareMathSymbol{E}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"45}
\DeclareMathSymbol{F}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"46}
\DeclareMathSymbol{G}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"47}
\DeclareMathSymbol{H}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"48}
\DeclareMathSymbol{I}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"49}
\DeclareMathSymbol{J}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"4A}
\DeclareMathSymbol{K}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"4B}
\DeclareMathSymbol{L}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"4C}
\DeclareMathSymbol{M}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"4D}
\DeclareMathSymbol{N}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"4E}
\DeclareMathSymbol{O}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"4F}
\DeclareMathSymbol{P}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"50}
\DeclareMathSymbol{Q}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"51}
\DeclareMathSymbol{R}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"52}
\DeclareMathSymbol{S}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"53}
\DeclareMathSymbol{T}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"54}
\DeclareMathSymbol{U}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"55}
\DeclareMathSymbol{V}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"56}
\DeclareMathSymbol{W}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"57}
\DeclareMathSymbol{X}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"58}
\DeclareMathSymbol{Y}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"59}
\DeclareMathSymbol{Z}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"5A}

\DeclareMathSymbol{a}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"61}
\DeclareMathSymbol{b}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"62}
\DeclareMathSymbol{c}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"63}
\DeclareMathSymbol{d}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"64}
\DeclareMathSymbol{e}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"65}
\DeclareMathSymbol{f}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"66}
\DeclareMathSymbol{g}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"67}
\DeclareMathSymbol{h}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"68}
\DeclareMathSymbol{i}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"69}
\DeclareMathSymbol{j}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"6A}
\DeclareMathSymbol{k}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"6B}
\DeclareMathSymbol{l}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"6C}
\DeclareMathSymbol{m}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"6D}
\DeclareMathSymbol{n}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"6E}
\DeclareMathSymbol{o}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"6F}
\DeclareMathSymbol{p}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"70}
\DeclareMathSymbol{q}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"71}
\DeclareMathSymbol{r}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"72}
\DeclareMathSymbol{s}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"73}
\DeclareMathSymbol{t}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"74}
\DeclareMathSymbol{u}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"75}
\DeclareMathSymbol{v}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"76}
\DeclareMathSymbol{w}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"77}
\DeclareMathSymbol{x}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"78}
\DeclareMathSymbol{y}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"79}
\DeclareMathSymbol{z}{\mathalpha}{alphabets}{"7A}

\DeclareMathVersion{sans}
\SetSymbolFont{operators}{sans}{\tx@enc}{\rmdefaultB}{\bold@wt}{n}
\SetSymbolFont{largesymbols}{sans}{LMX}{ntxexx}{m}{n}
\SetSymbolFont{symbols}{sans}{LMS}{ntxsy}{m}{n}
\SetSymbolFont{alphabets}{sans}{\encodingdefault}{\sfdefault}{m}{it}
\SetSymbolFont{numbers}{sans}{\encodingdefault}{\sfdefault}{m}{n}
\SetMathAlphabet\mathrm{sans}{\encodingdefault}{\sfdefault}{m}{n}
\SetMathAlphabet\mathbf{sans}{\encodingdefault}{\sfdefault}{b}{n}
\SetMathAlphabet\mathsf{sans}{\encodingdefault}{\sfdefault}{m}{n}
\SetMathAlphabet\mathit{sans}{\encodingdefault}{\sfdefault}{m}{it}

}
%
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\rm}{\normalfont\rmfamily}{\mathrm}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sf}{\normalfont\sffamily}{\mathsf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\tt}{\normalfont\ttfamily}{\mathtt}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\bf}{\normalfont\bfseries}{\mathbf}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\it}{\normalfont\itshape}{\mathit}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sl}{\normalfont\slshape}{\@nomath\sl}
\DeclareOldFontCommand{\sc}{\normalfont\scshape}{\@nomath\sc}
\DeclareRobustCommand*\cal{\@fontswitch\relax\mathcal}
\DeclareRobustCommand*\mit{\@fontswitch\relax\mathnormal}

\renewcommand\normalsize{%
   \@setfontsize\normalsize{9.75bp}{11.75bp}%
   \abovedisplayskip 11.75\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus0\p@
   \abovedisplayshortskip 3\p@ \@plus3\p@%
   \belowdisplayshortskip 11.75\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus3\p@%
   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip%
   \let\@listi\@listI}%
\normalsize
\newcommand\medsize{%
   \@setfontsize\small{8bp}{10bp}%
   \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
   \belowdisplayshortskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
   \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
               \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
               \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
               \itemsep \parsep}%
   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip}
\renewcommand\small{%
   \@setfontsize\small{8bp}{10bp}%
   \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus3\p@ \@minus4\p@
   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus2\p@
   \belowdisplayshortskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
   \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
               \topsep 4\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus2\p@
               \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
               \itemsep \parsep}%
   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip}
\renewcommand\footnotesize{%
   \@setfontsize\footnotesize{8bp}{10bp}%
   \abovedisplayskip 10\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@
   \abovedisplayshortskip \z@ \@plus\p@
   \belowdisplayshortskip 10\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus2\p@
   \def\@listi{\leftmargin\leftmargini
               \topsep 3\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
               \parsep 2\p@ \@plus\p@ \@minus\p@
               \itemsep \parsep}%
   \belowdisplayskip \abovedisplayskip}
%
%%\renewcommand\scriptsize{\@setfontsize\scriptsize\@ixpt\@ixpt}
%%\newcommand\scrisize{\@setfontsize\scrisize{9.3}{9}}
%%\renewcommand\tiny{\@setfontsize\tiny\@vpt\@vipt}
%%\renewcommand\large{\@setfontsize\large{12}{14}}
%%\newcommand\larg{\@setfontsize\larg{11}{13}}
%%\renewcommand\Large{\@setfontsize\Large{16}{18}}
%%\renewcommand\LARGE{\@setfontsize\LARGE\@xviipt{22}}
%%\renewcommand\huge{\@setfontsize\huge\@xxpt{25}}
%%\renewcommand\Huge{\@setfontsize\Huge\@xxvpt{30}}
%
\DeclareMathSizes{\@ixpt}{\@ixpt}{7}{5}
\DeclareMathSizes{\@xpt}{\@xpt}{7}{5}
\DeclareMathSizes{\@xipt}{\@xipt}{7}{5}

\DeclareRobustCommand*\textsubscript[1]{%
  \@textsubscript{\selectfont#1}}%
\def\@textsubscript#1{%
  {\m@th\ensuremath{_{\mbox{\fontsize\sf@size\z@#1}}}}}

%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Layout Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%

\RequirePackage{geometry}

%% Regular Pages (for Opening page - redefined)
\geometry{%
    paperwidth=174mm,
    paperheight=247mm,
    top={62pt},
    headheight={7pt},
    headsep={19.5pt},
    textwidth={140mm},
    %textheight={597.25pt},
    lines={51},
    marginparsep=3mm,
    marginparwidth=10mm,
    bindingoffset=0mm,
    left=15mm,
    footskip=0mm}
%

\setlength{\marginparsep}{3mm}%
\setlength{\marginparwidth}{10mm}%

\setlength\footskip{0\p@}
\setlength\maxdepth{2.5pt}

\setlength\footnotesep{5.75\p@}
\setlength{\skip\footins}{8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 0\p@}

\setlength\parindent{12pt}
\parskip=0pt
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Pagination Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
% Line spacing
\setlength\lineskip{1\p@}
\setlength\normallineskip{1\p@}
%\renewcommand\baselinestretch{}
\parskip=0pt

% Page break penalties
\@lowpenalty   51
\@medpenalty  151
\@highpenalty 301

% Disallow widows and orphans
\clubpenalty 10000
\widowpenalty 10000

% Disable page breaks before equations, allow pagebreaks after
% equations and discourage widow lines before equations.
\displaywidowpenalty 100
\predisplaypenalty   10000
\postdisplaypenalty  0

% Set these global demerits
\doublehyphendemerits 1000000   % corresponds to badness 800
\finalhyphendemerits  1000000  % corresponds to badness 1000

% Allow loose lines rather than overfull lines
\vbadness=9999
\tolerance=9999

% Allow breaking the page in the middle of a paragraph
\interlinepenalty 0

% Disallow breaking the page after a hyphenated line
\brokenpenalty 10000

% Hyphenation; don't split words into less than three characters
\lefthyphenmin=3
\righthyphenmin=3

% Float placement parameters

% The total number of floats that can be allowed on a page.
\setcounter{totalnumber}{10}

% The maximum number of floats at the top and bottom of a page.
\setcounter{topnumber}{5}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{5}

% The maximum part of the top or bottom of a text page that can be
% occupied by floats. This is set so that at least four lines of text
% fit on the page.
\renewcommand\topfraction{.921}
\renewcommand\bottomfraction{.921}

% The minimum amount of a text page that must be occupied by text.
% This should accomodate four lines of text.
\renewcommand\textfraction{.13}

% The minimum amount of a float page that must be occupied by floats.
\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{.887}

% The same parameters repeated for double column output
\renewcommand\dbltopfraction{.88}
\renewcommand\dblfloatpagefraction{.88}

% Space between floats
\setlength\floatsep    {18\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}

% Space between floats and text
\setlength\textfloatsep{19\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}

% Space above and below an inline figure
\setlength\intextsep   {18\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}

% For double column floats
\setlength\dblfloatsep    {20\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 2\p@}
\setlength\dbltextfloatsep{18\p@ \@plus 2\p@ \@minus 4\p@}

\hyphenation{Figure Figures Table Tables Equation Equations Section Sections Appendix Theorem Lemma}

%
%\newdimen\CP@toff@wd
%\newdimen\CP@toff@ht
%%
%\newdimen\CP@boff@wd
%\newdimen\CP@boff@ht
%%
%\newdimen\CP@crop@wd
%\newdimen\CP@crop@ht
%%
%\newdimen\CP@bled@wd
%\newdimen\CP@bled@ht
%%
%\newdimen\CP@trim@wd
%\newdimen\CP@trim@ht
%%
%\def\str@yes{yes}
%\def\SetCrop#1#2{%
%    \gdef\IsCropSet{yes}
%    \global\CP@crop@wd=#1\relax
%    \global\CP@crop@ht=#2\relax}
%\def\SetTrim#1#2{%
%    \gdef\IsTrimSet{yes}
%    \global\CP@trim@wd=#1\relax
%    \global\CP@trim@ht=#2\relax}
%\def\SetBleed#1#2{%
%    \gdef\IsBleedSet{yes}
%    \global\CP@bled@wd=#1\relax
%    \global\CP@bled@ht=#2\relax}
%%
%\everyjob\expandafter{%
%    \the\everyjob
%    \typeout{%
%        \filename\space <\filedate>^^J
%        Version: v\fileversion^^J
%        LaTeX macros for setting Page Box parameters
%    }%
%  \IfFileExists{\filename.cfg}{%
%        \begingroup\@@input\@filef@und\endgroup
%    }{%
%        \typeout{No File: \filename.cfg}%
%    }%
%  \IfFileExists{\jobname.cfg}{%
%        \begingroup\@@input\@filef@und\endgroup
%    }{%
%        \typeout{No File: \jobname.cfg}%
%    }%
%}
%%
%    \SetCrop{151.4mm}{227.1mm}%
%    \SetTrim{151.4mm}{227.1mm}%
%    \SetBleed{0mm}{0mm}%
%%
%\def\do@pagebox@calc{%
%    \CP@toff@wd=\CP@crop@wd
%    \advance\CP@toff@wd     by -\CP@trim@wd
%    \divide\CP@toff@wd  by \tw@
%%
%    \CP@toff@ht=\CP@crop@ht
%    \advance\CP@toff@ht     by -\CP@trim@ht
%    \divide\CP@toff@ht  by \tw@
%%
%    \advance\CP@trim@wd     by \CP@toff@wd
%    \advance\CP@trim@ht     by \CP@toff@ht
%%
%    \CP@boff@wd=\CP@toff@wd
%    \advance\CP@boff@wd     by -\CP@bled@wd
%%
%    \CP@boff@ht=\CP@toff@ht
%    \advance\CP@boff@ht     by -\CP@bled@ht
%%
%    \advance\CP@bled@wd     by \CP@trim@wd
%    \advance\CP@bled@ht     by \CP@trim@ht
%}
%%
%\def\pdf@page@parameters{%
%    \ifx\IsCropSet\str@yes
%        [{ThisPage} << /CropBox [0 0 \strip@pt\CP@crop@wd\space \strip@pt\CP@crop@ht] >> /PUT pdfmark
%        [{ThisPage} << /MediaBox[0 0 \strip@pt\CP@crop@wd\space \strip@pt\CP@crop@ht] >> /PUT pdfmark
%    \fi
%    \ifx\IsTrimSet\str@yes
%        [{ThisPage} << /TrimBox [\strip@pt\CP@toff@wd\space \strip@pt\CP@toff@ht\space \strip@pt\CP@trim@wd\space \strip@pt\CP@trim@ht] >> /PUT pdfmark
%    \fi
%    \ifx\IsBleedSet\str@yes
%        [{ThisPage} << /BleedBox[\strip@pt\CP@boff@wd\space \strip@pt\CP@boff@ht\space \strip@pt\CP@bled@wd\space \strip@pt\CP@bled@ht] >> /PUT pdfmark
%    \fi
%}
%
%\def\shipout@PageObjects{%
%    \special{ps: \pdf@page@parameters}%
%}
%%%
%\AtBeginDocument{%
%    \do@pagebox@calc
%    \let\org@begindvi\@begindvi
%    \def\@begindvi{%
%        \shipout@PageObjects
%        \org@begindvi
%        \global\let\@begindvi\rest@dvi@pages
%    }%
%}
%\let\rest@dvi@pages\shipout@PageObjects
%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Draftrules %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\RequirePackage{showframe}
\newcount\ruleadj\ruleadj=6
\newdimen\pageheight\pageheight\textheight%
\advance\pageheight\ruleadj pt%
\renewcommand\ShowFramePicture{%
\begingroup
\normalcolor\thinlines%
\if@draftruleson%
    \AtTextLowerLeft{%
      \put(0,0){%
        \framebox(\LenToUnit{\textwidth},\LenToUnit{\textheight}){}}}%
    \AtTextUpperLeft{%
      \put(0,\LenToUnit{\headsep}){%
        \framebox(\LenToUnit{\textwidth},\LenToUnit{\headheight}){}}}%
    \AtTextLowerLeft{%
      \put(0,\LenToUnit{-\footskip}){%
        \line(1,0){\LenToUnit{\textwidth}}}}%
\else%
    \AtTextLowerLeft{}%
    \AtTextUpperLeft{}%
    \AtTextLowerLeft{}%
\fi%
    \AtTextLowerLeft{%
      \@tempdima=\textwidth\advance\@tempdima\marginparsep%
      \if@twoside%
        \ifodd\c@page\else%
          \if@mparswitch
            \@tempdima=-\marginparsep\advance\@tempdima-\marginparwidth%
          \fi
        \fi%
      \fi%
      %\put(\LenToUnit{\@tempdima},0)%
      %  {\framebox(\LenToUnit{\marginparwidth},\LenToUnit{\textheight}){}}%
    }%
    \endgroup}%
%\fi
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Ruler %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\if@ruleron
\RequirePackage{vruler}
%\setvruler[12.043pt][1][1][2][0][20pt][20pt][-26.55pt][10pc]%[3.5pt]
\setvruler[11.75bp][1][1][2][0][20pt][20pt][25.5pt][\textheight]%

\def\makevruler[#1][#2][#3][#4][#5]{\begingroup\offinterlineskip
\textheight=#5\vbadness=10000\vfuzz=120ex\overfullrule=0pt%
\global\setbox\bufferbox=\vbox to \textheight{%
{\parskip=0pt\hfuzz=150em\b@xheight=\textheight
\lineh@ight=#1\global\rulercount=#2%
\tot@l\b@xheight\divide\tot@l\lineh@ight\advance\tot@l2%
\refn@1\vskip-\lineh@ight\vskip1ex%
\loop\setbox\tempb@x=\hbox to0cm{{\reset@font\normalcolor\normalsize\hfil\fillzeros[#4]\rulercount}}%
\ht\tempb@x\lineh@ight\dp\tempb@x0pt\box\tempb@x\break
\advance\refn@1\global\advance\rulercount#3\relax
\ifnum\refn@<\tot@l\repeat}}\endgroup}

\fi
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Math Settings %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% For above/below spacing
\def\eqnarray{%
   \stepcounter{equation}%
   \def\@currentlabel{\p@equation\theequation}%
   \global\@eqnswtrue
   \m@th
   \global\@eqcnt\z@
   \tabskip\@centering
   \let\\\@eqncr
   $$\everycr{}\halign to\displaywidth\bgroup
       \hskip\@centering$\displaystyle\tabskip\z@skip{##}$\@eqnsel
      &\global\@eqcnt\@ne\hskip \tw@\arraycolsep \hfil${##}$\hfil
      &\global\@eqcnt\tw@ \hskip \tw@\arraycolsep
         $\displaystyle{##}$\hfil\tabskip\@centering
      &\global\@eqcnt\thr@@ \hb@xt@\z@\bgroup\hss##\egroup
         \tabskip\z@skip
      \cr
}
\def\endeqnarray{%
      \@@eqncr
      \egroup
      \global\advance\c@equation\m@ne
   $$\@ignoretrue
}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Titles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%

\renewcommand\contentsname{Contents}
\renewcommand\listfigurename{List of Figures}
\renewcommand\listtablename{List of Tables}
\renewcommand\refname{References}
\renewcommand\indexname{Index}
\renewcommand\figurename{Figure}
\renewcommand\tablename{Table}
\renewcommand\partname{Part}
\renewcommand\appendixname{Appendix}
\renewcommand\abstractname{Abstract}

%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Article Front Matter %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%

%% Article Type
\sodef\letterspacetwty{}{.1em}{.4em plus1em}{.5em plus 1em minus1em }
\def\articletype#1{\gdef\ArtType{\letterspacetwty{#1}}\gdef\@ArtType{#1}}%
\articletype{ARTICLE}%

%% Meta Info
\def\@artid{xx}
\def\@jname{xxx xxx}
\def\@jvol{xx}
\def\@jissue{xx}
\def\@jyear{{0000}}
\def\@jmonth{xx}
\def\@DOI{}
\def\@logourl{}
%
\def\artid#1{\gdef\@artid{#1}}
\def\jname#1{\markboth{\textit{#1}}{\textit{#1}}\gdef\@jname{#1}}
\def\jvol#1{\gdef\@jvol{#1}}
\def\jissue#1{\gdef\@jissue{#1}}
\def\jyear#1{\gdef\@jyear{#1}}
\def\jmonth#1{\gdef\@jmonth{#1}}
\def\jdoi#1{\gdef\@jrnldoi{#1}\gdef\@DOI{\href{doi:http://dx.doi.org/#1}{doi:#1}}}
\jdoi{10.1017/xxxx}
\jname{Data/Math}%
%

%%% Font Def
\def\Titlefont{\fontfamily{\sfdefault}\fontsize{16}{18}\fontseries{sb}\selectfont\color{hndrdprcntcolor}\mathversion{bold}\raggedright}
\def\Artcatfont{\fontfamily{\sfdefault}\fontsize{8.5}{10}\fontseries{sb}\selectfont\color{hndrdprcntcolor}\raggedright}
\def\Authorfont{\fontsize{10}{12}\selectfont}
\def\addressfont{\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont}
\def\abstractheadfont{\fontfamily{\sfdefault}\fontsize{9}{11}\fontseries{b}\selectfont}%
\def\abstractsubheadfont{\fontfamily{\sfdefault}\fontsize{9}{11}\fontseries{b}\selectfont}%
\def\abstractfont{\fontsize{9}{11}\selectfont}%
\def\keywordfont{\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont}%
\def\historyfont{\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont\raggedright}

%% Article Title
%\def\title#1{\gdef\@title{#1}}

\renewcommand{\title}[2][]{%
\gdef\@checktitle{#1}\ifx\@checktitle\empty\gdef\@title{#2}
\gdef\s@title{#2}\else\gdef\@title{#2}\gdef\s@title{#1}\fi}

%% Cross Link for Author & Address
\def\jmkLabel#1{\@bsphack\protected@write\@auxout{}{\string\Newlabel{#1}{\@currentlabel}}\@esphack}
\def\Newlabel#1#2{\expandafter\xdef\csname X@#1\endcsname{#2}}
\def\jmkRef#1{\@ifundefined{X@#1}{0}{\csname X@#1\endcsname}}

%% Article Author(s)
\let\sep\@empty%
\let\authorsep\@empty%
\newcount\aucount%
\newcount\punctcount%
\def\author{\advance\aucount by 1\@ifstar\@@corrauthor\@@author}%
\def\au@and{\ifnum\punctcount=2\ and\else\unskip,\advance\punctcount by -1 \fi}%
\def\artauthors{}
\newif\if@auemail%
\newcommand{\@@author}[2][]{\def\@authfrstarg{#1}\g@addto@macro\artauthors{%
    \ifnum\aucount=1%
    \global\@auemailtrue%
    \else%
    \global\@auemailfalse%
    \fi%
    \Authorfont%
    \def\baselinestretch{1}%
    \authorsep{#2}\unskip\ifx\@authfrstarg\empty\else\textsuperscript{\smash{{%
      \@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{\edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{1}{\jmkRef{\@@affmark}}}%
     \unskip\sep\hyperlink{jrn:\affnum}{\affnum}\let\sep=,}}}}\fi%
    \def\authorsep{\au@and~}%%%
    \global\let\sep\@empty\global\let\@corref\@empty%
}}%


\newif\if@correspauthpresent\global\@correspauthpresentfalse

\newcommand{\@@corrauthor}[2][]{\global\@correspauthpresenttrue\def\@authfrstarg{#1}\g@addto@macro\artauthors{%
    \global\@auemailtrue%
    \Authorfont%
    \def\baselinestretch{1}%
    \authorsep{#2}\unskip\ifx\@authfrstarg\empty\else\textsuperscript{\smash{{%
      \@for\@@affmark:=#1\do{\edef\affnum{\@ifundefined{X@\@@affmark}{1}{\jmkRef{\@@affmark}}}%
     \unskip\sep\hyperlink{jrn:\affnum}{\affnum}\let\sep=,}}}}\fi%\hyperlink{jrn:corresp}{*}
    \def\authorsep{\au@and~}%%%
    \global\let\sep\@empty\global\let\@corref\@empty%
}\def\correspauthname{#2}}%
%
\RequirePackage{ltxcmds}%
\def\authororcid#1{%
\ltx@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}{\href{https://orcid.org/#1}{\includegraphics{orcid_logo}}}{{\includegraphics{orcid_logo}}}%
}
\newcommand{\orcid}[1]{\protect\g@addto@macro\artauthors{%
\authororcid{#1}%
}}
%
%% Author Email
\newif\ifcorrauth
\def\addressrule{\kern-10\p@ \hrule \@height.15pt \@width\marginparwidth \kern 1.6\p@}%
\def\@email{}
\DeclareUrlCommand\myemail{}%
%%\def\email#1{{\hbox{E-mail:}~}\ltx@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}{}{}{\protect\myemail{#1}}}%
\def\email#1{{\hbox{E-mail:}~}{\protect\href{mailto:#1}{#1}}}%
\let\nomail\relax

%% Corrseponding Address
\def\@copycorthanks{}
\def\auaddress{}
\def\@auaddress{}
\newcounter{affn}
\renewcommand\theaffn{\arabic{affn}}
\def\address{\advance\addcount by 1\@ifstar\@@coraddress\@@address}
\newcount\addcount% To check the count of address
\newcommand{\@@coraddress}[2][]{%
\g@addto@macro\auaddress{%
     \stepcounter{affn}%
     \xdef\@currentlabel{\theaffn}%
     \jmkLabel{\theaffn}%
     \authorsep{\textsuperscript{#1}#2}\def\authorsep{\addsep}}
}

%% Author Address
\def\addsep{\ifnum\punctcount=2\relax\unskip\space and \else\unskip,\space\advance\punctcount by -1 \fi}

\newcount\addcount% To check the count of address
\newcommand{\@@address}[2][]{\def\@adrsfrstarg{#1}\g@addto@macro\auaddress{\ifx\@adrsfrstarg\@empty\else\hypertarget{jrn:#1}{}\fi%
     \stepcounter{affn}%
     \xdef\@currentlabel{\theaffn}%
     \jmkLabel{\theaffn}%
     \ifnum\addcount=2\else\ifnum\theaffn=1\else \fi\fi\authorsep\textsuperscript{#1}#2\def\authorsep{\addsep}}%\theaffn
}


%% Address tagging
\newcommand{\orgdiv}[1]{#1}%
\newcommand{\orgname}[1]{#1}%
\newcommand{\orgaddress}[1]{#1}%
\newcommand{\street}[1]{#1}
\newcommand{\postcode}[1]{#1}
\newcommand{\city}[1]{#1}
\newcommand{\state}[1]{#1}
\newcommand{\country}[1]{#1}

%%% corresponding author
\newcommand\corresp[1]{\gdef\@corresp{#1}}
\gdef\@corresp{}

%% Author name in Running Head
\def\@authormark{}%
\def\authormark#1{\markright{{{#1}}}\gdef\@authormark{\def\etal{{et al.}}#1}\gdef\@authormarkforcite{\def\etal{\textit{et al.}}#1}}%
\def\etal{\textit{et al.}}

%% Optional Text
\def\artnotefont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{8.6}{13}\selectfont\raggedright}
\def\artnote#1{\gdef\@Artnote{#1}}\artnote{}%

%% Article Abstract
\RequirePackage{framed}

\renewenvironment{snugshade}{%
  \def\FrameCommand##1{\FrameSep=9pt\fboxsep=\FrameSep\hskip\@totalleftmargin%\hskip-\fboxsep
  \colorbox{shadecolor}{##1}%\hskip-\fboxsep
      % There is no \@totalrightmargin, so:
      \hskip-\linewidth
      \hskip-\@totalleftmargin
      \hskip\columnwidth}%
  \MakeFramed {\advance\hsize-\width
    \@totalleftmargin\z@ \linewidth\hsize
    \@setminipage}%
 }{\par\unskip\@minipagefalse\endMakeFramed}
%

\newcommand\abstracthead{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-22pt \@plus2ex \@minus0ex}{0.0001pt}{\abstractheadfont}}
%%\newcommand\subabstracthead{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{3pt \@plus0ex \@minus0ex}{-.5em}{\abstractsubheadfont}}

\def\@abstract{}%
\long\def\abstract#1{\def\@abstract{%
%\let\paragraph\subabstracthead%
\abstractfont%
\abstracthead*{\abstractname}\par%
#1\par}}%


\def\printabstract{\ifx\@abstract\empty\else\par\vskip3pt\begin{snugshade}\@abstract\end{snugshade}\par\addvspace{2.5pt}\fi}%

\def\printkeywords{\ifx\@keywords\empty\else\@keywords\fi\par}%

%
%% Keywords
\def\keywordname{Keywords}
\newcommand{\keywords}[2][\keywordname]{%
\g@addto@macro\@keywords{\par\addvspace{8pt}{\keywordfont{\bfseries#1:} #2\par}}}
\def\@keywords{}
\newcommand{\codes}[2][Primary]{\textit{#1} -- #2}%

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Article History  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\newcommand{\received}[2][Received]{\g@addto@macro\@history{{{#1} #2}}}%
\newcommand{\revised}[2][revised]{\g@addto@macro\@history{{; {#1} #2}}}%
\newcommand{\accepted}[2][accepted]{\g@addto@macro\@history{{; {#1} #2}}}%
%
%
\def\@history{}
\def\printhistory{{\par\addvspace{7pt}%
\historyfont\noindent%
\ifx\@history\empty\gdef\@history{Received xx xxx xxxx}\fi(\@history)\par}
}
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%% Article Header Definition
\renewcommand{\@maketitle}
{%
\noindent{\vbox{%
    \hsize\textwidth\parindent0pt\nointerlineskip\null\vspace*{7.25pt}\nointerlineskip%
    %\vskip22pt%7pt%
    %% Aritle Type
    {\Artcatfont\ArtType\par}%
    %{\vskip5pt\hbox to \textwidth{\ltx@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}{\href{https://crossmark.crossref.org/dialog?doi=\@logourl}}{}{\includegraphics{CrossRef-logo}}\par}}
    %\vspace*{14.58pt}%{29.17pt}
    %% Aritle Title
    \ifx\@title\empty\else%
        \vskip15pt%
        {\Titlefont\@title\par}
        %\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\@title}% for bookmarks
    \fi%
    %% Aritle Authors, Address and Correspondings
    \ifnum\aucount>0
        \global\punctcount\aucount%
        \vspace*{12pt}%\vskip10pt%
        \artauthors\par%%     authors and emails
        \global\punctcount\addcount\def\authorsep{}
        {\vskip7pt\addressfont\auaddress\par%%      corresponding adress
        %\corremail\par
        }
     \fi%
     \if@correspauthpresent\global\@correspauthpresentfalse\vskip7pt{\fontsize{8}{10}\selectfont\textbf{Corresponding author:} \correspauthname\ifx\@corresp\@empty\else; \@corresp\fi\par}\else\fi%
     {\printhistory\par}%
     %%
     %%{\printrelatedarticle}%
     {\printabstract\par}%
     {\printkeywords\par}%
    }}\par\addvspace{22pt plus0pt minus0pt}}

%% Printing Article Header
\renewcommand\maketitle{\par
  \@afterindentfalse%
  \begingroup
    \gdef\UrlFont{\rmfamily}%
    \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
    \def\@makefnmark{\rlap{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\smash{\@thefnmark}}}}%
    \long\def\@makefntext##1{\parindent 1em\noindent\small\selectfont
            \hbox{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}##1}%
    \if@twocolumn
      \ifnum \col@number=\@ne%
        \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
      \else
        \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%
      \fi%
    \else%
      \newpage%
      \global\@topnum\z@% Prevents figures from going at top of page.
      \@maketitle%
    \fi%
    \thispagestyle{titlepage}%%
  \endgroup%
  \global\advance\opshortpage6pt%
  \enlargethispage{-24pt}%
  \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
  \global\let\thanks\relax%
  \global\let\maketitle\relax%
  \global\let\@maketitle\relax%
  %\global\let\@thanks\@empty%
  \global\let\@author\@empty%
  \global\let\@date\@empty%
  %\global\let\@title\@empty%
  \global\let\title\relax%
  \global\let\author\relax%
  \global\let\date\relax%
  \global\let\and\relax
  %%%print continuous abstract on next page
  \@afterheading\par}%


\newenvironment{Frontmatter}{\par}{\maketitle}


%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Mini-TOC %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%%\RequirePackage{etoc}
%%%
%%\def\etocarticlestylenomarks{%
%%    \etocsettocstyle
%%    {\section *{\contentsname}}
%%    {}}
%%%
%%\etocarticlestylenomarks
%


\newenvironment{Backmatter}{\par\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\selectfont%
%\def\sectionfont{\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{10}{12}\fontseries{b}\selectfont\raggedright}
\def\paragraphfont{\sffamily\fontseries{sb}\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\selectfont\color{hndrdprcntcolor}\raggedright}
%
\renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
                                    {8pt \@plus1pt \@minus0pt}%
                                    {-.4em}%
                                    {\paragraphfont}}
\def\bibfont{\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\selectfont}%
}{\par}
%
\def\bysame{\leavevmode\hbox to3em{\hrulefill}}

%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Page Styles %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\def\opheaderfont{\reset@font\rmfamily\fontsize{7bp}{9bp}\selectfont}
\def\headerfont{\reset@font\rmfamily\fontsize{9.5bp}{11.5bp}\selectfont}
\def\footerfont{\reset@font\rmfamily\fontsize{7bp}{9bp}\selectfont}


%% Regular Page Style
\def\ps@headings{%
    \def\@oddfoot{\hfill}
    \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot
      \def\@evenhead{{\headerfont\thepage\hskip18.75pt{\rightmark}\hfill}}%
      \def\@oddhead{{\headerfont\hfill\textit{\leftmark}\hskip18.75pt\thepage}}%
      \let\@mkboth\markboth%
      }%


\newdimen\opshortpage%

\def\printcopyright#1{#1}%%

\def\copyrightline#1{\def\@copyrighttext{\begin{minipage}[t]{\textwidth}\footerfont #1\par\end{minipage}}}
\copyrightline{\textcopyright\ The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Society for Nagoya Mathematical Journal.
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (\href{https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0}{https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0}), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.}%

\AtBeginDocument{\label{FirstPage}}
\AtEndDocument{\label{LastPage}}

\def\@opjournalheader{\textit{\@jname}\ {{(\@jyear),\ \textbf{\@jvol},}} {\thepage{--}\pageref*{LastPage}}\\
{\@DOI}}%

%% Opening Page Style
\def\ps@titlepage{%
     \def\@oddhead{{\hbox to \textwidth{%
      \vbox to 0pt{\vskip-6.5pt\rlap{\hbox to \textwidth{\hfill\includegraphics{LSAlogo}}}}%\quad\raisebox{3.74pt}[0pt][0pt]{\includegraphics[scale=.75]{CUP_Logo}}\hspace*{-1pt}
      \vbox to 0pt{\vskip-7pt\rlap{\parbox{\textwidth}{\opheaderfont\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}[b]{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}@{}l@{}}%
      \@opjournalheader%
      \end{tabular*}}}}%
      }}}%
     \let\@evenhead\@oddhead%
     \def\@oddfoot{\vbox to 0pt{\vskip-\opshortpage{\printcopyright{\@copyrighttext}}}}%%
     \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}
%%{%
%%     \def\@oddhead{{\hbox to \textwidth{%
%%      %%\vbox to 0pt{\vskip-5pt\rlap{\hbox to \textwidth{\hfill\includegraphics[scale=.75]{CUP_Logo}\quad\includegraphics{DataMath_Logo}\hspace*{-1pt}}}}%
%%      \vbox to 0pt{\vskip-7.5pt\rlap{\parbox{\textwidth}{\opheaderfont\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}[t]{@{\extracolsep{\fill}}@{}l@{}}%
%%      \@opjournalheader%
%%      \end{tabular*}}}}%
%%      }}}%
%%     \let\@evenhead\@oddhead%
%%     \def\@oddfoot{\vbox to 0pt{\vskip-\opshortpage{\printcopyright{\@copyrighttext}}}}%%
%%     \let\@evenfoot\@oddfoot}%

%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Sections %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\def\numbered{\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}}
\def\unnumbered{\setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}}
\numbered%% default is unnumbered Sections

\newcounter {chapter}[part]% for bookmarks
\renewcommand\thepart         {\@Roman\c@part}
\renewcommand\thesection      {\@arabic\c@section}
\renewcommand\thesubsection   {\thesection.\@arabic\c@subsection}
\renewcommand\thesubsubsection{\thesubsection.\@arabic\c@subsubsection}
\renewcommand\theparagraph    {\thesubsubsection.\@arabic\c@paragraph}
\renewcommand\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\@arabic\c@subparagraph}
%%
\renewcommand\part{\par
   \addvspace{4ex}%
   \@afterindentfalse
   \secdef\@part\@spart}
%%
\def\@part[#1]#2{%
    \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
      \refstepcounter{part}%
      \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\thepart\hspace{1em}#1}%
    \else
      \addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}%
    \fi
    {\parindent \z@ \raggedright
     \interlinepenalty \@M
     \normalfont
     \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
       \Large\bfseries \partname~\thepart
       \par\nobreak
     \fi
     \huge \bfseries #2%
     \markboth{}{}\par}%
    \nobreak
    \vskip 3ex
    \@afterheading}

\def\@spart#1{%
    {\parindent \z@ \raggedright
     \interlinepenalty \@M
     \normalfont
     \huge \bfseries #1\par}%
     \nobreak
     \vskip 3ex
     \@afterheading}

\newif\if@Aheadpresent\global\@Aheadpresentfalse

%
\def\sectionfont{\fontfamily{\sfdefault}\fontsize{9.5bp}{11.75bp}\fontseries{sb}\selectfont\color{hndrdprcntcolor}\mathversion{bold}\raggedright}
\def\subsectionfont{\fontfamily{\sfdefault}\fontsize{9.5bp}{11.75bp}\fontseries{sb}\fontshape{it}\selectfont\color{hndrdprcntcolor}\mathversion{bold}\raggedright}
\def\subsubsectionfont{\fontfamily{\sfdefault}\fontsize{9.5}{11.75bp}\selectfont\itshape\raggedright\color{hndrdprcntcolor}}
\def\paragraphfont{\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{9.5}{11.5}\fontshape{it}\selectfont\raggedright\boldmath}
\def\subparagraphfont{\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{10}{12}\fontseries{b}\fontshape{it}\selectfont\raggedright}

\def\@seccntformat#1{{\csname the#1\endcsname.}\hskip.5em}

\renewcommand\section{\global\@Aheadpresenttrue\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
                                   {-21.5pt \@plus -2pt \@minus 0pt}%
                                   {2.75pt}%
                                   {\sectionfont}}
\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
                                     {-21.5pt \@plus -2pt \@minus 0pt}%
                                     {2.75pt}%
                                     {\subsectionfont}}
\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
                                     {-15.25pt \@plus 0ex \@minus 0ex}%
                                     {0.001pt}%
                                     {\subsubsectionfont}}
\renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
                                    {12.5pt \@plus1ex \@minus.2ex}%
                                    {0.0001pt}%
                                    {\paragraphfont}}
\renewcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@}%
                                       {-6pt \@plus1ex \@minus .2ex}%
                                       {-1em}%
                                     {\subparagraphfont}}
%
\def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{%
  \if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi
  \par
  \@tempskipa #4\relax
  \@afterindenttrue
  \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@
    \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse
  \fi
  \if@nobreak
    \everypar{}%\ifnum#2=2\vskip-0.75pt\fi%
  \else
    \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa
  \fi
  \@ifstar
    {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}%
    {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}}
%
\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
  \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
    \let\@svsec\@empty
  \else
    \refstepcounter{#1}%
    \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
  \fi
  \@tempskipa #5\relax
  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
    \begingroup
      #6{%
        {\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%\@hangfrom
          \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
    \endgroup
    \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
    \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
      \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
        \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
      \fi
      #7}%
  \else
    \def\@svsechd{%
      #6{\hskip #3\relax
      \@svsec #8.}%
      \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
      \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
        \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
          \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
        \fi
        #7}}%
  \fi
  \@xsect{#5}\global\@Aheadpresentfalse}
%
\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{%
  \@tempskipa #3\relax
  \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
    \begingroup\ifappendix\if@Aheadpresent\refstepcounter{section}\fi\fi%
      #4{%
        \@hangfrom{\hskip #1}%
          \interlinepenalty \@M #5\@@par}%
    \endgroup
  \else
    \def\@svsechd{#4{\hskip #1\relax #5}}%
  \fi
  \@xsect{#3}\global\@Aheadpresentfalse}
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Lists %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%

\newdimen\labelwidthi
\newdimen\labelwidthii
\newdimen\labelwidthiii
\newdimen\labelwidthiv
\def\normal@labelsep{0.5em}
\labelsep\normal@labelsep
\settowidth{\labelwidthi}{(iii)}
\settowidth{\labelwidthii}{(d)}
\settowidth{\labelwidthiii}{(iii)}
\settowidth{\labelwidthiv}{(M)}
\leftmargini\labelwidthi    \advance\leftmargini\labelsep
\leftmarginii\labelwidthii  \advance\leftmarginii\labelsep
\leftmarginiii\labelwidthiii \advance\leftmarginiii\labelsep
\leftmarginiv\labelwidthiv  \advance\leftmarginiv\labelsep
\def\setleftmargin#1#2{\settowidth{\@tempdima}{#2}\labelsep\normal@labelsep
  \csname labelwidth#1\endcsname\@tempdima
  \@tempdimb\@tempdima \advance\@tempdimb\labelsep
  \csname leftmargin#1\endcsname\@tempdimb}
\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
  \labelwidth\labelwidthi \labelsep\normal@labelsep
  \topsep 6pt \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
  \listparindent 1em}
\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
  \labelwidth\labelwidthii \labelsep\normal@labelsep
  \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
  \listparindent 1em}
\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
  \labelwidth\labelwidthiii \labelsep\normal@labelsep
  \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
  \listparindent 1em}
\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
  \labelwidth\labelwidthiv \labelsep\normal@labelsep
  \topsep\z@ \partopsep\z@ \parsep\z@ \itemsep\z@
  \listparindent 1em}
\let\@listi\@listI
\@listi
%
\setlength  \labelsep  {.5em}
\setlength  \labelwidth{\leftmargini}
\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}
\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty
\@endparpenalty   -\@lowpenalty
\@itempenalty     -\@lowpenalty
%
\def\labelitemi{$\bullet$}          \def\labelitemii{$\cdot$}
\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}        \def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
\def\labelenumii{(\alph{enumii})}   \def\theenumii{\theenumi\alph{enumii}}
\def\labelenumiii{(\roman{enumiii})}\def\theenumiii{\theenumii.\roman{enumiii}}
\def\labelenumiv{(\Alph{enumiv})}   \def\theenumiv{\theenumiii.\Alph{enumiv}}

%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Ordered & Unordered List  %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%

\def\listfont{\normalsize}%

\def\enumargs{%
   \listfont%
   \leftmargini13pt%
   \leftmarginii0pt%
   \leftmarginiii0pt%
   \ifnum \@enumdepth>1\topsep\z@\else\ifnum\@itemdepth>0\topsep0\p@\else\topsep6.5\p@ plus2pt minus2pt\fi\fi%
   \partopsep     \z@%
   \itemsep       \z@%
   \parsep        \z@%
   \labelsep      .45em%
   \rightmargin   \z@%
   %\raggedright%
   \listparindent \parindent%
   \itemindent    \z@}%

\def\enumerate{%
    \@ifnextchar[{\@numerate}{\@numerate[0.]}}

\def\@numerate[#1]{\par%
     \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else
     \advance\@enumdepth \@ne
     \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}
     \list{\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}{%
       \enumargs%
       \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth\endcsname}
       \usecounter{\@enumctr}
       \settowidth\labelwidth{#1}
       \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}
       \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep}
       \def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{\textup{##1}}}}%
     \fi
   }
\let\endenumerate\endlist

%%Unnumbered list%%
\def\unenumargs{%
   \listfont%
   \leftmargini\parindent%
   \topsep6pt%
   \partopsep     \z@%
   \itemsep       \z@%
   \parsep        \z@%
   \labelsep      0\p@%
   \rightmargin   \z@%
   \raggedright%
   \listparindent \parindent%
   \itemindent    -10pt}%

\def\unenumerate{%
    \@ifnextchar[{\@unenumerate}{\@unenumerate[0.]}}

\def\@unenumerate[#1]{\par%
     \ifnum \@enumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else
     \advance\@enumdepth \@ne
     \edef\@enumctr{enum\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth}
     \list{\csname label\@enumctr\endcsname}{%
       \unenumargs
       \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@enumdepth\endcsname}
       \usecounter{\@enumctr}
       \settowidth\labelwidth{#1}
       \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}
       \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep}
       \def\makelabel##1{\hss\llap{\textup{##1}}}}%
     \fi
   }
\let\endunenumerate\endlist%

\def\itemargs{%
   \listfont%
   \leftmargini13\p@%-1.5pt%
   \leftmarginii0\p@%
   \leftmarginiii0\p@%
   \ifnum \@itemdepth>1\topsep\z@\else\ifnum\@enumdepth>0\topsep0\p@\else\topsep6.5\p@ plus2pt minus2pt\fi\fi%
   \partopsep     \z@%
   \itemsep       \z@%
   \parsep        \z@%
   \labelsep      .45em%
   \rightmargin   \z@%
   %\raggedright%
   \listparindent \parindent%
   \itemindent    \z@}%

\def\listtextbullet{\text{\reset@font\fontencoding{OMS}\fontfamily{ntxsy}\fontseries{m}\fontsize{10pt}{10pt}\selectfont\char15}}%bug id 513462

\AtBeginDocument{\let\textbullet\listtextbullet}


\renewcommand\labelitemi{\textbullet}
\renewcommand\labelitemii{\textendash}

\def\itemize{%
   \@ifnextchar[{\@itemize}{\@itemize[$\bullet$]}}

\def\@itemize[#1]{\par%
     \ifnum \@itemdepth >3 \@toodeep\else
     \advance\@itemdepth \@ne
     \edef\@itemctr{item\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth}
     \list{\csname label\@itemctr\endcsname}{%
       \itemargs
       \setlength{\leftmargin}{\csname leftmargin\romannumeral\the\@itemdepth\endcsname}
       \settowidth\labelwidth{#1}
       \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelwidth}
       \addtolength{\leftmargin}{\labelsep}
       \def\makelabel##1{\hss \llap{##1}}}%
     \fi
   }
\let\enditemize\endlist
%
\def\verse{\let\\=\@centercr
  \list{}{\itemsep\z@
  \itemindent \z@
  \listparindent\z@
  \rightmargin 1em
  \leftmargin \rightmargin}\item[]}
\let\endverse\endlist
\def\quotation{\list{}{\vskip 8pt\itemindent\z@
 \leftmargin 1em \rightmargin \z@
  \parsep \z@ \@plus 1pt}\item[]}
\def\endquotation{\endlist\vskip 8pt}

\renewenvironment{quote}
               {\list{}{\leftmargin=10\p@\topsep11.75pt\partopsep0pt%
                \rightmargin\leftmargin%
                \parsep\z@\labelwidth=0pt%\parsep=5\p@
                \listparindent1em
                }%
                \item\relax}
               {\endlist}

\def\descriptionlabel#1{\bfseries #1}
%
\def\description{\@ifnextchar[{\@describelist}{\list{}{\leftmargin=2em\labelwidth\z@\labelsep=10pt
  \leftmargin \z@ \topsep6pt\itemsep0pt\itemindent-\leftmargin
  \parsep\z@\parindent\z@\itemsep0pt
  %\advance\itemindent-\labelsep
  \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}}
%
\let\enddescription\endlist
%
\def\@describelist[#1]{\list{}{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{\bfseries#1}%
\topsep6pt\partopsep0pt\labelsep=10pt\leftmargin\labelwidth\itemsep0pt
        \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
  \itemindent0pt\parsep\z@\parindent\z@
  \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Float %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\setlength\abovecaptionskip{2.25\p@}
\setlength\belowcaptionskip{3\p@}

\setlength\arraycolsep{2\p@}
\setlength\tabcolsep{6\p@}
\setlength\arrayrulewidth{.4\p@}
\setlength\doublerulesep{2\p@}
\setlength\tabbingsep{\labelsep}

\def\fnum@figure{{\figurename}\space\relax{\thefigure}.}
\def\fnum@table{{\tablename}\space\relax{\thetable}.}

\def\FigName{figure}

\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%
    \ifx\FigName\@captype
      \vskip\abovecaptionskip
        \@figurecaption{#1}{#2}
    \else
        \@tablecaption{#1}{#2}
      \vskip\belowcaptionskip
    \fi%
}


%% Figure

\def\figurenumfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\sfdefault}\fontsize{7.25bp}{9.25bp}\fontseries{sb}\selectfont}
\def\figurecaptionfont{\fontfamily{\sfdefault}\fontsize{7.25bp}{9.25bp}\selectfont}

\newdimen\figwidth%
\newdimen\figheight%
\newdimen\sidecapwidth
\newdimen\wrapcapline%
\newdimen\totalwrapline%
\newdimen\wraptotline%

%% Figures macro
\def\FIG#1#2{%
{\centering#1\par}
#2}

%% Figures caption
\newbox\figcapbox
\newbox\capbox
\long\def\@figurecaption#1#2{%
{%
\setbox\figcapbox\hbox{\figurecaptionfont{\figurenumfont #1}\hskip.5em#2\vphantom{y}\par}
%% Caption printing depending on figure width
\ifdim\wd\figcapbox>\textwidth
{\figurecaptionfont{\figurenumfont #1}\hskip.5em{#2}\par}%
\else%
{\figurecaptionfont{\figurenumfont #1}\hskip.5em{#2}\par}%
\fi%
}}%

%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\RequirePackage{booktabs}
\cmidrulewidth=.5pt%
%
\def\tablenumfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\sfdefault}\fontsize{7.25bp}{9.25bp}\fontseries{sb}\selectfont}
\def\tablecaptionfont{\fontfamily{\sfdefault}\fontsize{7.25bp}{9.25bp}\selectfont}
\def\tablebodyfont{\reset@font\sffamily\fontsize{7.75bp}{9.75bp}\selectfont\mathversion{sans}}
\def\tablecolheadfont{\sffamily\fontsize{7.75bp}{9.75bp}\selectfont}
\def\tablefootnotefont{\sffamily\fontsize{6.75bp}{8bp}\selectfont}
%
%\definecolor{trowcolor}{cmyk}{0.081,0.0378,0.049,0.0189}%{0.09,0.05,0,0}%% 9%

\RequirePackage{threeparttable}

%% Table Macro
\newbox\tablebox
\newdimen\tabbodywidth
\long\def\TBL#1#2{%
%%\def\toprule{}\def\midrule{}\def\bottomrule{}\def\botrule{}
\def\arraystretch{1.4}\arrayrulecolor{black}%
\renewcommand\footnotesize{\@setfontsize\footnotesize{6.75bp}{8bp}}
\setbox\tablebox\hbox{\def\footnotetext[##1]##2{}\tablebodyfont\noindent#2}%
\tabbodywidth\wd\tablebox%
\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
  \hrule \@width 0in \kern 2.6\p@} % the \hrule is .4pt high
%
\def\endminipage{%
    \par
    \unskip
    \ifvoid\@mpfootins\else
      %\vskip\skip\@mpfootins
      \normalcolor
      \footnoterule
      \unvbox\@mpfootins
    \fi
    \@minipagefalse   %% added 24 May 89
  \color@endgroup
  \egroup
  \expandafter\@iiiparbox\@mpargs{\unvbox\@tempboxa}}
\centering
\noindent\begin{minipage}{\tabbodywidth}
#1\par%%
\noindent\begin{minipage}{\tabbodywidth}
{\tablebodyfont #2\par}%
\end{minipage}\par\vskip5pt
\end{minipage}}

%% Table Caption
\newbox\tabcapbox
\newdimen\tabcapwidth
\long\def\@tablecaption#1#2{%
{\setbox\tabcapbox\hbox{\tablecaptionfont{\tablenumfont #1}\hskip.5em#2\vphantom{y}\endgraf}%
\tabcapwidth\wd\tabcapbox%
\ifdim\tabcapwidth<\hsize%
    {\tablecaptionfont{\tablenumfont #1}\hskip.5em#2\vphantom{y}\par}%
\else
    {\tablecaptionfont{\tablenumfont #1}\hskip.5em#2\vphantom{y}\par}%
\fi}}%

%% Table Column Heads
\def\TCH#1{{\tablecolheadfont #1}}

%% Table Footnotes
\newenvironment{fntable}[1][\columnwidth]{%
\def\@makefnmark{\hbox{\@textsuperscript{\fontsize{5}{5}\selectfont\@thefnmark}}}%
%\begin{minipage}{#1}%
\def\thempfootnote{{\@arabic\c@mpfootnote}}%
%%%%%%%%%%
\def\@xfootnotemark[##1]{%
   \begingroup
      %\c@footnote #1\relax
      \unrestored@protected@xdef\@thefnmark{##1}%
   \endgroup
   \@footnotemark}%
%%%%%%%%%
\def\@xfootnotenext[##1]{%
  \begingroup%
     %\csname c@\@mpfn\endcsname ##1\relax
     \unrestored@protected@xdef\@thefnmark{##1}%
  \endgroup%
  \@footnotetext}%
\renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{{%
\tablefootnotefont%
\hskip0pt{\smash{\@makefnmark}}##1\par}}%
\renewcommand\footnotesize{\@setfontsize\footnotesize{7}{8.5}}%
\setlength\footnotesep{6.25\p@}%
\renewcommand{\footnoterule}{}%
\parindent\z@\noindent}%
{%\vspace{-0.45\skip\footins}%
%\renewcommand{\footnoterule}{}%
%\end{minipage}
}%

%% Table Rules
\heavyrulewidth=0.5bp \lightrulewidth=0.5bp \cmidrulewidth=0.5bp
\abovetopsep=0pt \aboverulesep=0pt \belowrulesep=0pt \cmidrulekern=0em
%
\def\toprule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi
  \@aboverulesep=\abovetopsep
  \global\@belowrulesep=\belowrulesep %global cos for use in the next noalign
  \global\@thisruleclass=\@ne
  \@ifnextchar[{\@BTrule}{\@BTrule[\heavyrulewidth]}}
\def\midrule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi
  \@aboverulesep=\aboverulesep
  \global\@belowrulesep=\belowrulesep
  \global\@thisruleclass=\@ne
  \@ifnextchar[{\@BTrule}{\@BTrule[\lightrulewidth]}}
\def\botrule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi
  \@aboverulesep=\aboverulesep
  \global\@belowrulesep=\belowbottomsep
  \global\@thisruleclass=\@ne
  \@ifnextchar[{\@BTrule}{\@BTrule[\heavyrulewidth]}}

%%\def\toprule{%\noalign{\vskip3pt}
%%\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi
%%  \hrule \@height 0\p@ \@width 0pt
%%  \hrule \@height .15\p@ % <- rule height
%%  \hrule \@height 5pt \@width 0pt
%%  \futurelet\@tempa\@xhline}
%%% Middle rule
%%\def\midrule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi%
%%  \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt
%%  \hrule \@height .15pt % <- rule height
%%  \hrule \@height 5pt \@width 0pt
%%  \futurelet \@tempa\@xhline}
%%% Bottom rule
%%\def\botrule{\noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi
%%  \hrule \@height 3pt \@width 0pt
%%  \hrule \@height .15\p@ % <- rule height
%%  \futurelet\@tempa\@xhline}
%
\def\@@@cmidrule[#1-#2]#3#4{\global\@cmidla#1\relax
    \global\advance\@cmidla\m@ne
    \ifnum\@cmidla>0\global\let\@gtempa\@cmidrulea\else
    \global\let\@gtempa\@cmidruleb\fi
    \global\@cmidlb#2\relax
    \global\advance\@cmidlb-\@cmidla
    \global\@thisrulewidth=#3
    \@setrulekerning{#4}
    \ifnum\@lastruleclass=\z@\vskip 3\p@\fi
    \ifnum0=`{\fi}\@gtempa
    \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\futurenonspacelet\@tempa\@xcmidrule}
\def\@xcmidrule{%
   \ifx\@tempa\cmidrule
       \vskip-\@thisrulewidth
       \global\@lastruleclass=\@ne
   \else \ifx\@tempa\morecmidrules
       \vskip \cmidrulesep
       \global\@lastruleclass=\@ne\else
       \vskip 5\p@
       \global\@lastruleclass=\z@
   \fi\fi
   \ifnum0=`{\fi}}
\let\cline\cmidrule


%\def\rowrule{%
%  \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi
%    {\color{tenprcntcolor}{\hrule \@height 0.25pt}}\par
%    \hrule \@height 0.5pt%
%  \futurelet
%   \reserved@a\@xhline}
%
%{\arrayrulecolor{tenprcntcolor}%
%  \noalign{\ifnum0=`}\fi\hrule \@height 2.5pt \@width 0.01pt\hrule \@height 0.25pt \futurelet
%   \reserved@a\@xhline}


%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%5
%

\renewcommand\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
\renewcommand\@tocrmarg{2.55em}
\renewcommand\@dotsep{4.5}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{2}
\renewcommand\tableofcontents{%
    \section*{\contentsname
        \@mkboth{%
           \MakeUppercase\contentsname}{\MakeUppercase\contentsname}}%
    \@starttoc{toc}%
    }
\renewcommand*\l@part[2]{%
  \ifnum \c@tocdepth >-2\relax
    \addpenalty\@secpenalty
    \addvspace{2.25em \@plus\p@}%
    \begingroup
      \setlength\@tempdima{3em}%
      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
      {\leavevmode
       \large \bfseries #1\hfil \hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
       \nobreak
       \if@compatibility
         \global\@nobreaktrue
         \everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%
      \fi
    \endgroup
  \fi}
\renewcommand*\l@section[2]{%
  \ifnum \c@tocdepth >\z@
    \addpenalty\@secpenalty
    \addvspace{0em}%%
    \setlength\@tempdima{2em}%
    \begingroup
      \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
      \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
      \leavevmode \bfseries
      \advance\leftskip\@tempdima
      \hskip -\leftskip
      #1\nobreak\hfil \nobreak\hb@xt@\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
    \endgroup
  \fi}
\renewcommand*\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{2.0em}{2.3em}}
\renewcommand*\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
\renewcommand*\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
\renewcommand*\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
\renewcommand\listoffigures{%
    \section*{\listfigurename
      \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\listfigurename}%
              {\MakeUppercase\listfigurename}}%
    \@starttoc{lof}%
    }
\renewcommand*\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
\renewcommand\listoftables{%
    \section*{\listtablename
      \@mkboth{%
          \MakeUppercase\listtablename}{\MakeUppercase\listtablename}}%
    \@starttoc{lot}%
    }
\let\l@table\l@figure


%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Mini-TOC %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%
%%\RequirePackage{etoc}
%%\etocarticlestylenomarks
%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Other Env. %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%


%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Appendix %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%

\newif\ifbackmatter%
\newcommand{\backmatter}{\par\global\backmattertrue}

%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Appendix %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\newif\ifappendix

\renewcommand\appendix{\bgroup\par
  \global\appendixtrue%
  \setcounter{section}{0}%
  \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
  \setcounter{equation}{0}
  \setcounter{figure}{0}\setcounter{table}{0}
  \def\thefigure{\thesection.\arabic{figure}}%
  \def\thetable{\thesection.\arabic{table}}%
  \def\thesection{\Alph{section}}%\appendixname
  \def\thesubsection{\thesection\arabic{subsection}}
  \@addtoreset{equation}{section}%
  \gdef\theequation{\Alph{section} \arabic{equation}}%
\def\figurenumfont{\reset@font\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\fontshape{it}\fontseries{b}\selectfont}
\def\figurecaptionfont{\fontfamily{\rmdefault}\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\fontshape{it}\selectfont\centering}
\def\tablenumfont{\reset@font\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\fontshape{it}\fontseries{b}\selectfont}
\def\tablecaptionfont{\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\fontshape{it}\selectfont\centering}
\def\tablebodyfont{\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\selectfont}
\def\tablecolheadfont{\fontsize{8bp}{10bp}\selectfont}
\def\tablefootnotefont{\fontsize{6bp}{8bp}\selectfont\raggedright}
}
\def\endappendix{\par%
  \global\appendixfalse%
  \setcounter{section}{0}%
  \setcounter{subsection}{0}%
  \setcounter{equation}{0}%
\egroup
}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% BackMatters %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
\newenvironment{biography}
{\par\addvspace{24pt}\def\author##1##2{\noindent\textbf{##1}\space##2}\def\email##1{Email: \href{mailto:##1}{##1}}
\def\and{\par\vskip6pt}}
{\par}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Doi-Links %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%% From doi.sty %%

\DeclareRobustCommand{\doitext}{{doi}:}%

%% the meat of the code
%% the first command opens a group, and changes a few catcodes.
\newcommand*{\DOI}{%
  \begingroup
  \lccode`\~=`\#\relax
  \lowercase{\def~{\#}}%
  \lccode`\~=`\_\relax
  \lowercase{\def~{\_}}%
  \lccode`\~=`\<\relax
  \lowercase{\def~{\textless}}%
  \lccode`\~=`\>\relax
  \lowercase{\def~{\textgreater}}%
  \lccode`\~=0\relax
  \catcode`\#=\active
  \catcode`\_=\active
  \catcode`\<=\active
  \catcode`\>=\active
  \doitext\@mydoi
}

%% this is the actual command which processes the argument, with the catcodes
%% set in the previous command
%% it closes the group, and spits out the url.
\def\@mydoi#1{%
  \let\#\relax
  \let\_\relax
  \let\textless\relax
  \let\textgreater\relax
  \edef\x{\toks0={{#1}}}%
  \x
  \edef\#{\@percentchar23}%
  \edef\_{_}%
  \edef\textless{\@percentchar3C}% instead of {\string<} for Apple
  \edef\textgreater{\@percentchar3E}% instead of {\sting>} for Apple
  \edef\x{\toks1={\noexpand\href{http://dx.doi.org/#1}}}%
  \x
  \edef\x{\endgroup\the\toks1 \the\toks0}%
  \x
}
%
%
\renewenvironment{theindex}
               {\if@twocolumn
                  \@restonecolfalse
                \else
                  \@restonecoltrue
                \fi
                \columnseprule \z@
                \columnsep 35\p@
                \twocolumn[\section*{\indexname}]%
                \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\indexname}%
                        {\MakeUppercase\indexname}%
                \thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
                \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax
                \let\item\@idxitem}
               {\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
\renewcommand\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40\p@}
\renewcommand\subitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{20\p@}}
\renewcommand\subsubitem{\@idxitem \hspace*{30\p@}}
\renewcommand\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ \@plus5\p@ \@minus3\p@\relax}

%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Footnotes %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%

\renewcommand\footnoterule{%
  \kern2\p@%
  \hrule \@height0.5bp \@width5pc%
  \kern2.5\p@}%
%

\def\@makefnmark{{\textsuperscript{\@thefnmark}}}

\renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{\hskip1em{\smash{\@makefnmark\hskip0.5em}}#1}
%
\AtBeginDocument{%
\@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}{%
\RequirePackage{hypcap}%
\renewcommand\UrlFont{\rmfamily}%
\definecolor{weblmcolor}{cmyk}{0.86,0.23,0.44,0.02}
\hypersetup{colorlinks=true,linkcolor=weblmcolor,allcolors=weblmcolor}
}{}%
%
\@ifpackageloaded{natbib}{%
\setcitestyle{round,aysep={},yysep={,}}
  \renewcommand\bibsection{\section*{\refname}}%
  \bibhang=9pt
}{}%

\def\NAT@citex%
  [#1][#2]#3{%
  \NAT@reset@parser
  \NAT@sort@cites{#3}%
  \NAT@reset@citea
  \@cite{\let\NAT@nm\@empty\let\NAT@year\@empty
    \@for\@citeb:=\NAT@cite@list\do
    {\@safe@activestrue
     \edef\@citeb{\expandafter\@firstofone\@citeb\@empty}%
     \@safe@activesfalse
     \@ifundefined{b@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{\@citea%
       {\reset@font\bfseries ?}\NAT@citeundefined
                 \PackageWarning{natbib}%
       {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}\def\NAT@date{}}%
     {\let\NAT@last@nm=\NAT@nm\let\NAT@last@yr=\NAT@year
      \NAT@parse{\@citeb}%
      \ifNAT@longnames\@ifundefined{bv@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{%
        \let\NAT@name=\NAT@all@names
        \global\@namedef{bv@\@citeb\@extra@b@citeb}{}}{}%
      \fi
     \ifNAT@full\let\NAT@nm\NAT@all@names\else
       \let\NAT@nm\NAT@name\fi
     \ifNAT@swa\ifcase\NAT@ctype
       \if\relax\NAT@date\relax
         \@citea\NAT@hyper@{\NAT@nmfmt{\NAT@nm}\NAT@date}%
       \else
         \ifx\NAT@last@nm\NAT@nm\NAT@yrsep
            \ifx\NAT@last@yr\NAT@year
              \def\NAT@temp{{?}}%
              \ifx\NAT@temp\NAT@exlab\PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}%
               {Multiple citation on page \thepage: same authors and
               year\MessageBreak without distinguishing extra
               letter,\MessageBreak appears as question mark}\fi
              \NAT@hyper@{\NAT@exlab}%
            \else\unskip\NAT@spacechar
              \NAT@hyper@{\NAT@date}%
            \fi
         \else
           \@citea\NAT@nmfmt{\NAT@nm}%%
               \NAT@aysep\NAT@spacechar%
             \NAT@hyper@{\NAT@date}%
         \fi
       \fi
     \or\@citea{\NAT@nmfmt{\NAT@nm}}%\NAT@hyper@
     \or\@citea\NAT@hyper@{\NAT@date}%
     \or\@citea\NAT@hyper@{\NAT@alias}%
     \fi \NAT@def@citea
     \else
       \ifcase\NAT@ctype
        \if\relax\NAT@date\relax
          \@citea{\NAT@nmfmt{\NAT@nm}}%\NAT@hyper@
        \else
         \ifx\NAT@last@nm\NAT@nm\NAT@yrsep
            \ifx\NAT@last@yr\NAT@year
              \def\NAT@temp{{?}}%
              \ifx\NAT@temp\NAT@exlab\PackageWarningNoLine{natbib}%
               {Multiple citation on page \thepage: same authors and
               year\MessageBreak without distinguishing extra
               letter,\MessageBreak appears as question mark}\fi
              \NAT@hyper@{\NAT@exlab}%
            \else
              \unskip\NAT@spacechar
              \NAT@hyper@{\NAT@date}%
            \fi
         \else
           \@citea{%
             \NAT@nmfmt{\NAT@nm}%
             {\NAT@spacechar\NAT@@open\if*#1*\else#1\NAT@spacechar\fi}%
               \NAT@hyper@{\NAT@date}%
           }%
         \fi
        \fi
       \or\@citea{\NAT@nmfmt{\NAT@nm}}%\NAT@hyper@
       \or\@citea\NAT@hyper@{\NAT@date}%
       \or\@citea\NAT@hyper@{\NAT@alias}%
       \fi
       \if\relax\NAT@date\relax
         \NAT@def@citea
       \else
         \NAT@def@citea@close
       \fi
     \fi
     }}\ifNAT@swa\else\if*#2*\else\NAT@cmt#2\fi
     \if\relax\NAT@date\relax\else\NAT@@close\fi\fi}{#1}{#2}}
}
%%%


\def\doi#1{\quad\url{http://dx.doi.org/#1}}
%
\newcommand\citethisarticle[1]{\bgroup%
\renewcommand\@makefntext[1]{\textbf{Cite this article:} ##1}%
\footnotetext{#1\space\@jyear.\space\@title.\space\textit{\@jname}. \pageref*{FirstPage}---\thepage. \url{https://doi.org/\@jrnldoi}}\egroup}
%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%
%\RequirePackage{gb4e}
%\RequirePackage{cgloss4e}
%\noautomath
%\RequirePackage{langsci-gb4e}
%\RequirePackage{tabto}
%\TabPositions{7em,8em}
%%\exewidth{(2)}
\AtBeginDocument{\@ifpackageloaded{gb4e}
{
\def\@subex#1#2{\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}\itemindent\z@\labelsep#2%
         \ifnum\the\@xnumdepth=1%
           \topsep 7\p@ plus2\p@ minus3\p@\itemsep\z@\else%
           \topsep1.5\p@ plus\p@\itemsep0\p@\fi%
         \parsep\z@%
         \leftmargin\labelwidth\advance\leftmargin#2\relax}
%
\def\@xlist#1[#2]{\ifnum \@xnumdepth >3 \@toodeep\else%
    \advance\@xnumdepth \@ne%
    \edef\@xnumctr{xnum\romannumeral\the\@xnumdepth}%
    \def\@bla{#1}
    \ifx\@bla\empty\xs@default{\romannumeral\the\@xnumdepth}\else%
      \expandafter\let\csname @xs\romannumeral\the\@xnumdepth\endcsname#1\fi
    \begin{list}{\csname the\@xnumctr\endcsname.}%
                {\usecounter{\@xnumctr}\@subex{#2}{0.45em}}\fi}
\def\glt{\vskip0.5pt\hskip-3pt}
\glossglue = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
}
{}
}

\pagestyle{headings}
\pagenumbering{arabic}
\sloppy
\frenchspacing
\flushbottom

%%% special parameters for TeX
\linepenalty=100

\endinput
