This book focuses on the struggle by the black majority for political and social freedom in South Africa. Beginning with an account of the origins of racism, segregation and republicanism before 1948, it concentrates on the history of South Africa following the establishment of the apartheid regime. Topics include apartheid in practice, the Sharpeville massacre, the end of apartheid and Nelson Mandela as president. This illustrated text is based around lead questions and activities. It provides essential knowledge through background briefings; encourages analysis of the issues through investigations; contains review sections to aid clarity and allow students opportunities for revision.