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13 - Child Psychiatry and Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  22 July 2021

By
Chris Mcdougle ,
Scott Shaffer  and
Steven C. Schlozman
Edited by
Audrey Walker ,
Steven Schlozman  and
Jonathan Alpert
Audrey Walker
Affiliation:
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York
Steven Schlozman
Affiliation:
Harvard Medical School
Jonathan Alpert
Affiliation:
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York
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Summary

Given that children and adolescents can never be thought of simply as “little adults” but rather as patients with their own unique developmental, psychological, and biological characteristics, it is crucial that clinicians recognize how psychopathology presents differently in this population. Key differences between children, adolescents, and adults regarding epidemiology, diagnostic criteria, and treatment are described below for mood disorders, anxiety disorders, trauma and stressor-related disorders, and psychotic symptoms.

Type
Chapter
Information
Introduction to Psychiatry
Preclinical Foundations and Clinical Essentials
 , pp. 318 - 328
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

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References

References and Selected Readings

American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing.Google Scholar
Birmaher, B., Brent, D., et al., AACAP Work Group on Quality Issues (2007). Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Depressive Disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46 (11), 1503–1526.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cohen, J. A. (2010). Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 49 (4), 414–430.Google ScholarPubMed
Connolly, S. D., Bernstein, G. A., The Work Group on Quality Issues (2007). Practice Parameter for the Assessment and Treatment of Children and Adolescents with Anxiety Disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 46 (2), 267–283.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Engel, M. L., Winiarski, D. A., Reidy, B. L., and Brennan, P. A. (2018). Early-Life Somatic Complaints: Longitudinal Associations with Maternal and Child Psychopathology. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 39 (7), 573–579.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Giannitelli, M., Consoli, A., Raffin, M., Jardri, R., Levinson, D. F., Cohen, D., and Laurent-Levinson, C. (2017). An Overview of Medical Risk Factors for Childhood Psychosis: Implications for Research and Treatment. Schizophrenia Research, 192, 39–49.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
International Association for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Allied Professions (2015). IACAPAP Textbook of Child and Adolescent Mental Health. Geneva: Author.Google Scholar
Liebenluft, E. (2011). Severe Mood Dysregulation, Irritability, and the Diagnostic Boundaries of Bipolar Disorder in Youths. American Journal of Psychiatry, 168 (2), 129–142.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
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Parens, E., and Johnston, J. (2010). Controversies Concerning the Diagnosis and Treatment of Bipolar Disorder in Children. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Mental Health, 4 (9), 1–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Perou, R., Bitsko, R. H., Blumberg, S. J., Pastor, P., Ghandou, R. M., Gfroerer, C. M., et al. (2013). Mental Health Surveillance among Children – United States, 2005–2011. MMWR Supplement, 62 (2), 1–35.Google ScholarPubMed
Shatkin, J. P. (2009). Treating Child and Adolescent Mental Illness: A Practical, All-in-One Guide. New York: W. W. Norton and Company.Google Scholar

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