This chapter describes the emotional and behavioral consequences of the Oklahoma City bombing and the service delivery system established to respond. The emotional needs of survivors and family members were of immediate concern after the bombing. Oklahoma City professionals responsible for organizing the system of care and the clinicians who delivered services were guided and supported by the federal government. Disaster mental health professionals have noted that terrorist incidents may differ in substantive ways from other disasters. Oklahoma City studies included samples of directly exposed survivors and indirectly and remotely affected individuals. Oklahoma City professionals raised a number of service delivery issues associated with the federally funded crisis counseling program. Establishing and delivering services in Oklahoma City took precedence over research, and some in the community were suspicious about research, even research related to needs assessment, program evaluation, and the effectiveness of services and interventions.