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Influence of cognitive reserve on neuropsychological functioning in Parkinson's disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 June 2014

Juan L Sánchez ,
Marina Rodríguez  and
Juan Carro
Juan L Sánchez*
Affiliation:
Department of Basic Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology. Faculty of Psychology. University of Salamanca
Marina Rodríguez
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain
Juan Carro
Affiliation:
Department of Basic Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology. Faculty of Psychology. University of Salamanca
*
Juan Luis Sánchez Rodríguez, Departamento de Psicología Básica, Psicobiología y Metodología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Salamanca, Avenida de la Merced 109-131, 37005 Salamanca, Spain. Tel: +34 923-294400; Fax: +34 923294608; E-mail: jlsanch@gugu.usal.es
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Abstract

Background:

In recent years, attention has been drawn to the association between a low level of education and dementia, an almost generalized finding in the majority of studies on the prevalence of dementia where the level of education of the population was highly diversified. The protective effect of education is not limited to Alzheimer's disease but is also seen in other types of dementia, Parkinson's disease (PD), and even in the cognitive deterioration linked to aging

Objective:

To evaluate neuropsychological performance in (PD) subjects and to evaluate the influence of cognitive reserve (RC) on their neuropsychological performance.

Subjects:

An extensive neuropsychological battery of tests was applied to a total of 79 subjects, 33 of whom were diagnosed with PD.

Measures:

RC scores were based on a combination of years of education, a measure of occupational attainment, and an estimate of premorbid intelligence.

Results:

As regards the specific disturbances found in the clinical group subjects, a lower performance in memory, attention, visuospatial, visuoconstructive, and perceptive skills was seen. With respect to our second objective, our results showed that patients diagnosed with PD who had a high RC reached a higher neuropsychological level of performance than those subjects with a low reserve.

Conclusions:

Early neuropsychological impairments in PD are most evident in individuals with lower RC. As has been found in other neurological disorders, individuals with greater RC may be less sensitive to the initial clinical effects of the underlying neuropathological process.

Keywords

cognitive reservedementianeuropsychological assessmentParkinson's disease
Type
Original Article
Information
Acta Neuropsychiatrica , Volume 14 , Issue 5 , October 2002 , pp. 207 - 215
Copyright
Copyright © Acta Neuropsychiatrica 2002

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