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Transient reductions in milk fat synthesis and their association with the ruminal and metabolic profile in dairy cows fed high-starch, low-fat diets

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  23 June 2020

E. C. Sandri
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Production, Santa Catarina State University, Lages, Santa Catarina88520-000, Brazil
J. Lévesque
Affiliation:
CRSAD, Deschambault, QCG0A 1S0, Canada
A. Marco
Affiliation:
IUT Louis Pasteur, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg67300, France
Y. Couture
Affiliation:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, QCJ2S 2M2, Canada
R. Gervais
Affiliation:
Department of Animal Science, Université Laval, Quebec City, QCG1V 0A6, Canada
D. E. Rico*
Affiliation:
CRSAD, Deschambault, QCG0A 1S0, Canada Department of Animal Science, Université Laval, Quebec City, QCG1V 0A6, Canada
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Abstract

Sub-acute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is sometimes observed along with reduced milk fat synthesis. Inconsistent responses may be explained by dietary fat levels. Twelve ruminally cannulated cows were used in a Latin square design investigating the timing of metabolic and milk fat changes during Induction and Recovery from SARA by altering starch levels in low-fat diets. Treatments were (1) SARA Induction, (2) Recovery and (3) Control. Sub-acute ruminal acidosis was induced by feeding a diet containing 29.4% starch, 24.0% NDF and 2.8% fatty acids (FAs), whereas the Recovery and Control diets contained 19.9% starch, 31.0% NDF and 2.6% FA. Relative to Control, DM intake (DMI) and milk yield were higher in SARA from days 14 to 21 and from days 10 to 21, respectively (P < 0.05). Milk fat content was reduced from days 3 to 14 in SARA (P < 0.05) compared with Control, while greater protein and lactose contents were observed from days 14 to 21 and 3 to 21, respectively (P < 0.05). Milk fat yield was reduced by SARA on day 3 (P < 0.05), whereas both protein and lactose yields were higher on days 14 and 21 (P < 0.05). The ruminal acetate-to-propionate ratio was lower, and the concentrations of propionate and lactate were higher in the SARA treatment compared with Control on day 21 (P < 0.05). Plasma insulin increased during SARA, whereas plasma non-esterified fatty acids and milk β-hydroxybutyrate decreased (P < 0.05). Similarly to fat yield, the yield of milk preformed FA (>16C) was lower on day 3 (P < 0.05) and tended to be lower on day 7 in SARA cows (P < 0.10), whereas yield of de novo FA (<16C) was higher on day 21 (P < 0.01) in the SARA group relative to Control. The t10- to t11-18:1 ratio increased during the SARA Induction period (P < 0.05), but the concentration of t10-18:1 remained below 0.5% of milk fat, and t10,c12 conjugated linoleic acid remained below detection levels. Odd-chain FA increased, whereas branched-chain FA was reduced during SARA Induction from days 3 to 21 (P < 0.05). Sub-acute ruminal acidosis reduced milk fat synthesis transiently. Such reduction was not associated with ruminal biohydrogenation intermediates but rather with a transient reduction in supply of preformed FA. Subsequent rescue of milk fat synthesis may be associated with higher availability of substrates due to increased DMI during SARA.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press in association with The Animal Consortium

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