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The association between self-reported traumatic brain injury, neuropsychological function, and compliance among people serving community sentences

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 October 2021

Emily M. Norman Open the ORCID record for Emily M. Norman [Opens in a new window] ,
Nicola J. Starkey  and
Devon L. L. Polaschek
Emily M. Norman*
Affiliation:
University of Waikato Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Hamilton, New Zealand
Nicola J. Starkey
Affiliation:
University of Waikato Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Hamilton, New Zealand
Devon L. L. Polaschek
Affiliation:
University of Waikato Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Hamilton, New Zealand
*
*Corresponding author. Email: emacdona2000@yahoo.com
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Abstract

Background:

Traumatic brain injury is overrepresented in incarcerated samples and has been linked to a number of poor correctional outcomes. Despite this, no research has explored the impact of a recent TBI on compliance outcomes for individuals serving community-based.

Method:

We screened for a history of TBI in 106 adults on community sentences and collected compliance (arrests, sentence violations) and related variables (e.g., risk scores, substance use) over 6 months. Sixty-four participants also completed the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), the Comprehensive Trail Making Test and Color-Word Inference Test.

Results:

A TBI in the last year predicted a significantly higher likelihood of arrest, even when controlling for risk of reconviction and current substance use, but was not associated with non-compliance with sentence conditions nor with performance on the neuropsychological tests. In addition, no significant associations were found between performance on neuropsychological tests and measures of non-compliance.

Conclusions:

TBI in the last year was an independent predictor of arrest. This result suggests that those with a recent TBI on a community sentence may need additional monitoring or support to reduce the risk of reoffending.

Keywords

OffendersProbationCommunity sentenceRecidivismComplianceNeuropsychological assessment
Type
Original Article
Information
Brain Impairment , Volume 24 , Issue 1 , March 2023 , pp. 69 - 85
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Australasian Society for the Study of Brain Impairment

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